Preparation and adsorption performances of mesopore-enriched bamboo activated carbon

Abstract

Activated carbon with high specific surface area and considerable mesopores was prepared from bamboo scraps by phosphoric acid activation. The effect of activation conditions was studied. Under the conditions of impregnating bamboo with 80% H₃PO₄ at 80°C for 9 days and activation at 500°C for 4 h, the prepared activated carbon had the highest mesopore volume of 0.67 cm³/g, a specific surface area of 1567 m²/g, and the mesopore ratio reached 47.18%. The study on adsorption isotherms of CH₄, CO₂, N₂ and O₂ on the activated carbon were carried out at 298 K. The considerable difference in the adsorption capacity between CO₂ and the other gases was observed, which would be of interest for the adsorptive separation/purification of gaseous CO₂ from its mixtures, especially from mixtures with N₂ and/or O₂.

References

1. Song Y, Qiao W M, Seong H Y, Isao M . Tolueneadsorption on various activated carbons with different pore structures. New Carbon Materials, 2005, 20: 294–298 (in chinese)
2. Lin C, Popov B N, Ploehn H J . Modeling the effects of electrode compositionand pore structure on the performance of electrochemical capacitors. J Electrochem Soc, 2002, 149: A167–A175. doi:10.1149/1.1431575
3. Huang H S . Recovery and utilization of the greenhouse effect gasCO₂. Modern ChemicalIndustry, 2001, 21: 53–57 (in chinese)
4. Mao S B, Ye N, Xiao J G, Ding Y P, Zhu D P, Huang X Y . Development and application of new technology for recoveringcarbon dioxide with lowpartial pressure. Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering, 2004, 25: 12–15 (in chinese)
5. Liu X W . Studies of orderly mesoporous materials for adsorptionapplication. Dissertation for the DoctoralDegree. Tianjin: Tianjin university, 2005 : 14–17 (in chinese)
6. Liu X W, Li J W, Zhou L, Huang D S, Zhou Y P . Adsorption of CO₂, CH₄ and N₂ on ordered mesoporous silica molecular sieve. Chemical Physics Letters, 2005, 415: 198–201. doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2005.09.009
7. Zhou L, Liu X W, Li J W, Wang N, Wang Z, Zhou Y P . Synthesis of ordered mesoporous carbon molecular sieveand its adsorption capacity for H₂, N₂, O₂, CH₄ and CO₂. ChemicalPhysics Letters, 2005, 413: 6–9. doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2005.07.048
8. Laine J, Yunes S . Effect of thepreparation method on the pore size distribution of activated carbonfrom coconut shell. Carbon, 1992, 30: 601–604. doi:10.1016/0008-6223(92)90178-Y
9. Pandolfo A G, Amini-amoli M, Killingley J S . Activated carbons preparedfrom shells of different coconut shell. Carbon, 1994, 32: 1015–1019. doi:10.1016/0008-6223(94)90062-0
10. Ariyadejwanich P, Tanthapanichakoon W, Nakagawa K, Mukai S R, Tamon H . Preparationand characterization of mesoporous activated carbon from waste tires. Carbon, 2003, 41: 157–164. doi:10.1016/S0008-6223(02)00267-1
11. Xie L P, Lin W G, Yang X M . Preparation of mesopore activated carbonfrom municipal solid organic waste. TheChinese Journal of Process Engineering, 2002, 2: 465–469 (in chinese)
12. Molina-Sabio M, RodRíguez-Reinoso F, Caturla F, Sellés M J . Porosity in granular carbon activatedwith phosphoric acid. Carbon, 1995, 33: 1105–1113. doi:10.1016/0008-6223(95)00059-M
13. Hsisheng T, Tien-Sheng Y, Li-Yeh H . Preparation of activatedcarbon from bituminous coal with phosphoric acid activation. Carbon, 1998, 36: 1387–1395. doi:10.1016/S0008-6223(98)00127-4
14. Toks C, Rimmera S, Hower J C . Production of activated carhonsfrom a Washington lignite using phosphoric acid activation. Carbon, 1996, 34: 1419–1426. doi:10.1016/S0008-6223(96)00093-0
15. Brunauer S, Emmett P H, Teller E . Adsorption of gases in multimolecularlayers. J Am Chem Soc, 1938, 60: 309–319. doi:10.1021/ja01269a023
16. Rodriguez-reinoso F, Molina-Sabio M, Gonzalez M T . The use of steam and CO₂ as activating agents in the preparation of activatedcarbons. Carbon, 1995, 33: 15–23. doi:10.1016/0008-6223(94)00100-E
17. Barrett E P, Joyner L G, Halenda P P . The determination of pore volume andarea distributions in porous substance I. computations from nitrogenisotherms. J Am Chem Soc, 1951, 73: 373–380. doi:10.1021/ja01145a126
18. Zhou L, Bai S P, Su W, Yang J, Zhou Y P . Comparative study of the excess versusabsolute adsorption of CO₂ on superactivatedcarbon for the near-critical region. Langmuir, 2003, 19: 2683–2690. doi:10.1021/la020682z
19. Gregg S J, Sing K S W . Adsorption,surface area and porosity. New York: Academic Press, 1982 : 25–26
20. Zhou Y P, Yang B . Research progressin supercritical gases adsorption. ChemistryOnline, 2000, (9): 8–13 (in chinese)
21. Zhou L, Zhou Y P . A comprehensivemodel for the adsorption of supercritical hydrogen on activated carbon. Ind Eng Chem Res, 1996, 35: 4166–4168. doi:10.1021/ie960275g