VLDLs isolated from the normolipidemic rat or monkey and the hyperlipidemic rat stimulated the incorporation of14C-oleic acid into triglyceride of the mouse peritoneal macrophages. The magnitude of this stimulating effect depended upon the concentration of lipoproteins in the medium. Experiments using125I labeled VLDLs revealed that the binding of normolipidemic VLDL with the macrophage was saturable, and unlabeled VLDL competed effectively with the labeled VLDL. These results suggested that on the surface of the macrophages there are special binding sites for the VLDL. It is possible that separate receptors are responsible for either the normolipidemic or the hyperlipidemic VLDL.
The hyperlipidemic VLDL from rat or monkey enhanced the synthesis of14C-cholesterol ester. After binding with the macrophage, the different VLDLs caused accumulation of either triglyceride or cholesterol ester or both. The possible interpretation is that it depends upon the lipid composition of that VLDL, especially the ratio of triglyceride versus cholesterol ester.
The present study supports the concept that at least a part of the foam cells derive from the macrophage, i.e., the macrophage plays an important role in the formation of the atherosclerotic lesion. In addition, the binding and degradation of the normolipidemic VLDL by the macrophage may be of physiological importance in the metabolism of VLDL.
Aneurysm of the extracranial carotid artery is rare. 13 cases have been seen at the Vascular Diseases Research Unit, Department of Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai First Medical College, during the past 27 years. There were 3 internal carotid, 1 external carotid and 9 common carotid cases. The youngest patient was aged 5 years and the oldest 63; there were 8 males and 5 females. Two refused surgery, and the remaining 11 all had operations. Treatment consisted of aneurysm resection with ligation of the carotid artery in 5, primary anastomosis of the internal carotid artery in 2, silk prosthetic graft of the common carotid artery in 1, autogenous vein graft between the common and internal carotid arteries in 2 and wrapping in 1. There was 1 death and 1 instance of hemiplegia.
Prior to arterial reconstruction, the only possible treatment for aneurysm was ligation. The hazards of carotid artery ligation are evident from the fact that hemiplegia results in 50% of the patients.
In this series, a variety of methods were utilized to maintain cerebral function during the period of temporary carotid artery occlusion including hypothermic general anesthesia in 10 cases and raise the blood pressure during occlusion in 2 cases. In recent years, the authors have successfully resected the aneurysm and inserted an autogenous saphenous vein graft. With this technique the duration of cerebral ischemia is minimal.
Purified phase I rickettsial suspension was obtained from the spleen of mouse infected with Henzerling strain Q fever by differential centrifugation, trypsin digestion and ether treatment. ELISA coating antigen of Q fever was then prepared by further disruption with ultrasonic wave and high speed centrifugation. The antibody of the infected guinea pig was detected by indirect method of ELISA by antigen coated microtitreplates with protein concentration of 7.89 μg/ml. The positive rate accounted for 40% 4–5 days, 68.7% 6–7 days and 100% 8 days after infection. By agglutination test, however, the same sera were all negative within 7 days after infection, 20% 8–9 days and all positive 18 days after inoculation. ELISA reached the peak titre (1:64–1:1024) on the 24th day after infection whereas agglutination test in the same period only gave a titre of 1:8–1:32, and reached its peak titre (1:128–1:256) 1 month after infection. Since the Q fever antibody of the guinea pig could be detected 66.7% as positive 1–2 days after fever onset by the ELISA indirect method, the ELISA appears to be a more ideal method for early diagnosis of Q fever than other serological methods.
In this study 3 various kinds of operation, each with blockade of pancreatic duct by N-octyl-α-cyanoacrylate, were performed in 27 dogs divided into 3 groups: (1) removal of the right two thirds of the pancreas and the left one third left in situ (n = 4), (2) total pancreatectomy and intraperitoneal autotransplantation of the left limb (n = 16), (3) total pancreatectomy and intraperitoneal allotransplantation of the left limb (n = 7). The purpose of injection of cyanoacrylate glue into the pancreatic duct is to suppress the exocrine function of the organ, thereby transforming its dual function of external and internal secretion into purely endocrinous one. After obliteration the animals remained normoglycemic on the first postoperative day, and after autotransplantation the longest observation period was 6 months with normoglycemia. Allografted animals showed an average period for normoglycemia of 19 ± 16 days (5–46 days) and survived for 36.7 ± 17.6 days (13–62 days). Hyperglycemia has been considered as a sign of pancreatic allorejection, but it could be prevented by conventional immunosuppressive therapy.
Es wird über den Raji-Zell-Test und den einfacheren PEG-Test zum Nachweis von CIC bei Leber- und Nierenerkrankungen und SLE berichtet. Großes Gewicht wurde auf die laufende Kontrolle von CIC bei APGN und deren klinische Bedeutung gelegt. Auf die Vor- und Nachteile des Raji-Zell-Tests wird kurz hingewiesen.