Effects of extracellular ATP and its receptors on peripheral nerve regeneration in SD rats

Abstract

To explore the effect of the extracellular ATP and its receptors on axon regeneration in the sciatic nerve defect in rats, 0.5 cm defect of the sciatic nerve was made and repaired with long arm silicon tube like a “Y” type. The single arm of the silicon tube was sutured to proximal of the sciatic nerve. 10 μl 1 mmol/L ATP in physiological saline was injected into the left chamber of the silicon tube (experimental group) and physiological saline injected into another silicon tube as a control group. In another model 1 mmol/L 10 μl ATP and 1 mmol/L 10 μl ATP+0.2 mg/ml suramin were injected respectively into two arms of the silicon tube. After 4 and 8 weeks the specimens were obtained from the silicon tube for examining the axon regeneration histologically and image analysis. All the regeneration axons grew into the silicon tube containing the ATP, but there was no axon regeneration in the silicon tube containing the ATP+Suramin or physiological saline. It was demon-strated that extracellular ATP had a powerful attraction to the regenerated axon of peripheral nerve. The suramin inhibited the axon induction of the extracellular ATP completely via the ATP receptors.

Keywords

extracellular ATP / nerve / axon regeneration / ATP receptors / Suramin

References

[1] MadisonP D, ZomorodiA, RobinsonG A. Netrin-1 and peripheral nerve regeneration in the adult rat. Exp Neurol, 2000, 161(2): 563-563

[2] ZhengJ Q, FeiderM, ConnorJ A, et al.. Turning of nerve growth cones induced by neurotransmitters. Nature, 1994, 368(10): 140-140

[3] CunhaR A, RibeiroJ A. ATP as a presynaptic modulator. Life Sci, 2000, 68(2): 119-119

[4] ZhangM, ZhongH, VollmerC, et al.. Co-release of ATP and Ach mediated hypoxic signaling at rat carotid body chemoreceptors. J Physiol, 2000, 15: 143-143

[5] NearyJ T, RathoboneM P, CattabeniF, et al.. Trophic actions of the extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides on glial and neuronal cells. Trands Neurosci, 1996, 19: 13-13

[6] StoneT W. Purines and receptors. Tins, 1998, 21: 16-16

[7] LkeuchiY, NishizakiT. ATP-regulated K channel and cytosolic Ca²⁺ mobilization in cultured rat spinal neurons. Eur J Pharmcol, 1996, 302: 163-163

[8] FuT M, HuangF L. Potentiation by endogenously released ATP of spontaneous transmitter secretion at development neuromuscular synapses in Xenopus cell culture. Br J pharmacol, 1994, 111: 880-880

[9] WangT G, HongG X, WangS K, et al.. Effects of extracellular ATP on survival of sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglin of rats. J Tongji Med Uni, 2001, 21(1): 44-44