Recent advances and application in whole-genome multiple displacement amplification

Abstract

Background: The extremely small amount of DNA in a cell makes it difficult to study the whole genome of single cells, so whole-genome amplification (WGA) is necessary to increase the DNA amount and enable downstream analyses. Multiple displacement amplification (MDA) is the most widely used WGA technique.

Results: Compared with amplification methods based on PCR and other methods, MDA renders high-quality DNA products and better genome coverage by using phi29 DNA polymerase. Moreover, recently developed advanced MDA technologies such as microreactor MDA, emulsion MDA, and micro-channel MDA have improved amplification uniformity. Additionally, the development of other novel methods such as TruePrime WGA allows for amplification without primers.

Conclusion: Here, we reviewed a selection of recently developed MDA methods, their advantages over other WGA methods, and improved MDA-based technologies, followed by a discussion of future perspectives. With the continuous development of MDA and the successive update of detection technologies, MDA will be applied in increasingly more fields and provide a solid foundation for scientific research.

Author summary

The extremely small amount of DNA in a cell makes it difficult to study the whole genome of single cells, multiple displacement amplification (MDA), as the most widely used whole-genome amplification (WGA) technique, is necessary to increase the DNA amount and enable downstream analyses. In this review, we focus on the principles and characteristics of MDA and summarize the advantages and disadvantages of MDA compared with other WGA methods. We also discuss a selection of recently developed MDA methods, their advantages over other WGA methods, and improved MDA-based technologies, followed by a discussion of future perspectives.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

whole genome amplification / multiple displacement amplification / improved MDA-based approaches

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This work was supported by project 61971125 of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China.

COMPLIANCE WITH ETHICS GUIDELINES

The authors Naiyun Long, Yi Qiao, Zheyun Xu, Jing Tu and Zuhong Lu declare that they have no conflict of interests.

This article is a review article and does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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