Sustainable rubberized concrete: The role of nano-titanium dioxide in enhancing mechanical and durability properties

Abstract

Concrete is among the most utilized and essential construction materials in terms of strengthening the structure. The use of natural aggregates can be reduced by using crumb rubber aggregates (RA) as a substitute. The use of RA will reduce the expense on aggregate and help in creating a sustainable environment. Nanoparticles improve the microscopic structure of concrete by filling pores present in cement paste thus reducing the cement usage in the mix. Employing nano titanium dioxide (NT) in rubber concrete (RC) helps to improve its properties. The findings showed that RA significantly alters the characteristics of the concrete; at a 15% level of fine aggregate (FA) replacement, the workability and density of the concrete mixes dropped by up to 26.53% and 5%, respectively. Concrete’s compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths decreased by 16.1%, 5.52%, and 3.1%, respectively, as a result of adding RA. However, these negative effects were successfully offset by the addition of NT. Even while workability declined, density grew. The research shows that the use of NT in RC composites enhances corrosion resistance and durability, reduces porosity, and improves permeability. The research also suggests that NT helps to smoothen pores and microcracks in concrete, resulting in enhanced resistance to elements such as water and air. This study employs analysis of variance to evaluate the mechanical and durability characteristics of rubberized concrete composites. Microstructural investigation employing field emission scanning electron microscopy examines the interfacial transition zone, hydration products, and pore structure, offering insights into the influence of NT on concrete matrix. This study offers thorough, significant information on the application of NT nanoparticles as a green and efficient additive to enhance concrete performance, and it also presents potential for additional studies in this area of study.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

durability / hydration / mechanical properties / nano titanium dioxide / recycled rubber workability

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