Manganese mineralization-boosted photothermal conversion efficiency of Prussian blue for cancer therapy

Abstract

Although Prussian blue (PB) has been widely investigated as a biocompatible photothermal agent with significant potential in cancer treatment, its further application is still hindered by low photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) and poor stability. In this study, a biomimetic mineralization approach is employed to improve properties of PB by binding it with manganese phosphate through manganese ions, resulting in the formation of nanocomposite manganese phosphate mineralized Prussian blue (MnP&PB). Compared to PB alone, MnP&PB can significantly enhance the PCE, increasing it to 44.46%, which is attributed to the manganese-induced redshift absorption and the bandgap narrowing in the near-infrared (NIR) region. Meanwhile, MnP&PB demonstrates a significant increase in temperature compared to that of either MnP or PB alone, further enhancing the inhibition effect against cancer under the NIR irradiation. It is revealed that the incorporation of manganese phosphate into PB via biomimetic mineralization lead to the enhancement of both PCE and therapeutic efficacy, thus presenting a promising alternative approach for the improvement of cancer photothermal therapy.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

Prussian blue / photothermal therapy / biomimetic mineralization / manganese phosphate / cancer treatment

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Declaration of competing interests

The authors assert that they have no identifiable conflicting financial interests or personal associations that could potentially exert an influence on the research presented in this manuscript.

Acknowledgements

This study received financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (LZ24E020002 and LQQ20H190001), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51902289), the Key Research & Development Program of Zhejiang Province (2021C01180 and 2019C04020), and the Basic Research Foundation of ZSTU (18012134-Y and 2020Q008).

Data availability statement

The data can be accessed upon request via email.

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