Advanced flexible humidity sensors: structures, techniques, mechanisms and performances

Abstract

Flexible humidity sensors are widely used in many fields, such as environmental monitoring, agricultural soil moisture content determination, food quality monitoring and healthcare services. Therefore, it is essential to measure humidity accurately and reliably in different conditions. Flexible materials have been the focusing substrates of humidity sensors because of their rich surface chemical properties and structural designability. In addition, flexible materials have superior ductility for different conditions. In this review, we have summarized several sensing mechanisms, processing techniques, sensing layers and substrates for specific humidity sensing requirements. Aadditionally, we have sorted out some cases of flexible humidity sensors based on different functional materials. We hope this paper can contribute to the development of flexible humidity sensors in the future.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

flexible composite / manufacturing technology / sensing mechanism / humidity sensor

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Declaration of competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Acknowledgements

This review was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22008014), the Changzhou Young Scientific and Technological Talents Promotion Project, the Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province and China Scholarship Council (CSC). This work was also supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) grant funded by the Korea government (MOTIE) (20215710100170) and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. 2023R1A2C200769911).

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