Linearly shifting ferromagnetic resonance response of La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ thin film for body temperature sensors

Abstract

Human body temperature not only reflects vital signs, but also affects the state of various organs through blood circulation, and even affects lifespan. Here a wireless body temperature detection scheme was presented that the temperature was extracted by investigating the out-of-plane (OP) ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) field of 10.2 nm thick La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ (LSMO) film using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique. Within the range of 34–42 °C, the OP FMR field changes linearly with the increasing or decreasing temperature, and this variation comes from the linear responses of magnetization to the fluctuant temperature. Using this method, a tiny temperature change (<0.1 °C) of organisms can be detected accurately and sensitively, which shows great potential in body temperature monitoring for humans and mammals.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

body temperature / ferromagnetic resonance / La _0.7Sr _0.3MnO ₃ film / linear response

References

[1] Song C, Zeng P, Wang Z, . Wearable continuous body temperature measurement using multiple artificial neural networks. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 2018, 14(10): 4395–4406

[2] Nilsson J A, Molokwu M N, Olsson O. Body temperature regulation in hot environments. PLoS One, 2016, 11(8): e0161481

[3] Oguz F, Yildiz I, Varkal M A, . Axillary and tympanic temperature measurement in children and normal values for ages. Pediatric Emergency Care, 2018, 34(3): 169–173

[4] Rehman M, Abdeljalel B, Arshad M R. Development of an electro-optic technique for the measurement of temperature rise of hot bodies. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 2008, 141(1): 97–100

[5] Mavalankar A, Chorley S J, Griffiths J, . A non-invasive electron thermometer based on charge sensing of a quantum dot. Applied Physics Letters, 2013, 103(13): 133116

[6] Fallis W M, Christiani P. Neonatal axillary temperature measurements: a comparison of electronic thermometer predictive and monitor modes. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing, 1999, 28(4): 389–394

[7] Meyer C W, Ootsuka Y, Romanovsky A A. Body temperature measurements for metabolic phenotyping in mice. Frontiers in Physiology, 2017, 8: 520

[8] Imhoff M, Mühlsteff J, Wartzek T. Measurement of body temperature in infants. Biomedical Engineering-Biomedizinische Technik, 2013, 58(Suppl. 1): doi:10.1515/bmt-2013-4209

[9] Skvortsov L A, Kirillov V M. Measurement of the body surface temperature by the method of laser photothermal radiometry. Quantum Electronics, 2003, 33(12): 1113–1117

[10] Nazaretski E, Thompson J D, Movshovich R, . Temperature-dependent magnetic resonance force microscopy studies of a thin permalloy film. Journal of Applied Physics, 2007, 101(7): 074905

[11] Lofland S E, Ray V, Kim P H, . Temperature-tuned natural ferromagnetic resonances in La_0.9Sr_0.1MnO₃. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, 1997, 9(49): L633–L639

[12] O’Shea K J, MacLaren D A, McGrouther D, . Nanoscale mapping of the magnetic properties of (1€1€1)-oriented La_0.67Sr_0.33MnO₃. Nano Letters, 2015, 15(9): 5868–5874

[13] Urushibara A, Moritomo Y, Arima T, . Insulator-metal transition and giant magnetoresistance in La_1−xSr_xMnO₃. Physical Review B, 1995, 51(20): 14103–14109

[14] Gong J, Zheng D, Li D, . Lattice distortion modified anisotropic magnetoresistance in epitaxial La_0.67Sr_0.33MnO₃ thin films. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2018, 735: 1152–1157

[15] Rasic D, Sachan R, Temizer N K, . Oxygen effect on the properties of epitaxial (1€1€0) La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ by defect engineering. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2018, 10(24): 21001–21008

[16] Cui B, Song C, Mao H, . Magnetoelectric coupling induced by interfacial orbital reconstruction. Advanced Materials, 2015, 27(42): 6651–6656

[17] Kwon C, Robson M, Kim K C, . Stress-induced effects in epitaxial (La_0.7Sr_0.3)MnO₃ films. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 1997, 172(3): 229–236

[18] Zhao S, Hou W, Zhou Z, . Ionic liquid gating control of spin wave resonance in La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ thin film. Advanced Electronic Materials, 2020, 6(1): 1900859

[19] Hou W, Zhou Z, Zhang L, . Low-voltage-manipulating spin dynamics of flexible Fe₃O₄ films through ionic gel gating for wearable devices. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2019, 11(24): 21727–21733

[20] Xue X, Zhou Z, Dong G, . Discovery of enhanced magnetoelectric coupling through electric field control of two-magnon scattering within distorted nanostructures. ACS Nano, 2017, 11(9): 9286–9293

[21] Liu M, Obi O, Cai Z, . Electrical tuning of magnetism in Fe₃O₄/PZN–PT multiferroic heterostructures derived by reactive magnetron sputtering. Journal of Applied Physics, 2010, 107(7): 073916

[22] Liu M, Obi O, Lou J, . Giant electric field tuning of magnetic properties in multiferroic ferrite/ferroelectric heterostructures. Advanced Functional Materials, 2009, 19(11): 1826–1831

[23] Yuan H, Zheng J G, Yin Y, . Effect of Zn substitution in (1€1€1)-textured Zn_xFe_3−xO₄ thin films on magnetization dynamics. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2017, 690: 369–375

[24] Lindner J, Barsukov I, Raeder C, . Two-magnon damping in thin films in case of canted magnetization: theory versus experiment. Physical Review B, 2009, 80(22): 224421

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Higher Education Press