Gold nanocages in cancer diagnosis, therapy, and theranostics: A brief review

Abstract

Regarding the increasing number of cancer patients, the global burden of this disease is continuing to grow. Despite a considerable improvement in the diagnosis and treatment of various types of cancer, new diagnosis and treatment strategies are required. Nanotechnology, as an interesting and advanced field in medicine, is aimed to further advance both cancer diagnosis and treatment. Gold nanocages (AuNCs), with hollow interiors and porous walls, have received a great deal of interest in various biomedical applications such as diagnosis, imaging, drug delivery, and hyperthermia therapy due to their special physicochemical characteristics including the porous structure and surface functionalization as well as optical and photothermal properties. This review is focused on recent developments in therapeutic and diagnostic and applications of AuNCs with an emphasis on their theranostic applications in cancer diseases.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

gold nanocage / cancer / nanotechnology / imaging / theranostics / drug delivery

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