Rare-earth coordination polymer micro/nanomaterials: Preparation, properties and applications

Abstract

Rare-earth coordination polymers (RECPs), as a family member of coordination polymers (CPs), have been prepared and studied widely. Thanks to their characteristic properties and functions, RECPs have already been used in various application fields ranging from catalysis to drug delivery. In recent years, CPs with tunable morphologies and sizes have drawn increasing interest and attractive attention. This review presents the recent research progress of RECP micro/nanomaterials, and emphasizes the preparation, properties and broad applications of these fascinating materials.

Keywords

coordination polymer / metal--organic framework / rare earth / nanomaterials

References

[1] Zhao D, Timmons D J, Yuan D, . Tuning the topology and functionality of metal–organic frameworks by ligand design. Accounts of Chemical Research, 2011, 44(2): 123–133

[2] Spokoyny A M, Kim D, Sumrein A, . Infinite coordination polymer nano- and microparticle structures. Chemical Society Reviews, 2009, 38(5): 1218–1227

[3] Uemura T, Yanai N, Kitagawa S. Polymerization reactions in porous coordination polymers. Chemical Society Reviews, 2009, 38(5): 1228–1236

[4] Yang Q, Xu Q, Jiang H L. Metal–organic frameworks meet metal nanoparticles: synergistic effect for enhanced catalysis. Chemical Society Reviews, 2017, 46(15): 4774–4808

[5] Qiu S, Zhu G. Molecular engineering for synthesizing novel structures of metal–organic frameworks with multifunctional properties. Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 2009, 253(23–24): 2891–2911

[6] Lin W, Rieter W J, Taylor K M L. Modular synthesis of functional nanoscale coordination polymers. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2009, 48(4): 650–658

[7] Jin L N, Liu Q, Sun W Y. An introduction to synthesis and application of nanoscale metal-carboxylate coordination polymers. CrystEngComm, 2014, 16(19): 3816–3828

[8] Masoomi M Y, Morsali A. Morphological study and potential applications of nano metal–organic coordination polymers. RSC Advances, 2013, 3(42): 19191–19218

[9] Wen J, Wilkes G L. Organic/inorganic hybrid network materials by the sol–gel approach. Chemistry of Materials, 1996, 8(8): 1667–1681

[10] Zou H, Wu S, Shen J. Polymer/silica nanocomposites: preparation, characterization, properties, and applications. Chemical Reviews, 2008, 108(9): 3893–3957

[11] Binnemans K. Lanthanide-based luminescent hybrid materials. Chemical Reviews, 2009, 109(9): 4283–4374

[12] Freeman A J, Watson R E. Theoretical investigation of some magnetic and spectroscopic properties of rare-earth ions. Physical Review, 1962, 127(6): 2058–2075

[13] Bünzli J C G. Lanthanide luminescence for biomedical analyses and imaging. Chemical Reviews, 2010, 110(5): 2729–2755

[14] Bünzli J C G. Benefiting from the unique properties of lanthanide ions. Accounts of Chemical Research, 2006, 39(1): 53–61

[15] Wang X, Li Y. Rare-earth-compound nanowires, nanotubes, and fullerene-like nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, and properties. Chemistry, 2003, 9(22): 5627–5635

[16] Roduner E. Size matters: why nanomaterials are different. Chemical Society Reviews, 2006, 35(7): 583–592

[17] Albanese A, Tang P S, Chan W C W. The effect of nanoparticle size, shape, and surface chemistry on biological systems. Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, 2012, 14(1): 1–16

[18] Yan C H, Yan Z G, Du Y P, . Controlled synthesis and properties of rare earth nanomaterials. Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, 2011, 41: 275–472

[19] Tian Y, Chen B, Hua R, . Synthesis and characterization of novel red emitting nanocrystal Gd₆WO₁₂: Eu³⁺ phosphors. Physica B: Condensed Matter, 2009, 404(20): 3598–3601

[20] Zhang X, Yang P, Wang D, . La(OH)₃:Ln³⁺ and La₂O₃:Ln³⁺ (Ln= Yb/Er, Yb/Tm, Yb/Ho) microrods: synthesis and up-conversion luminescence properties. Crystal Growth & Design, 2012, 12(1): 306–312

[21] Sun L D, Wang Y F, Yan C H. Paradigms and challenges for bioapplication of rare earth upconversion luminescent nanoparticles: small size and tunable emission/excitation spectra. Accounts of Chemical Research, 2014, 47(4): 1001–1009

[22] Rieter W J, Taylor K M L, Lin W. Surface modification and functionalization of nanoscale metal–organic frameworks for controlled release and luminescence sensing. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2007, 129(32): 9852–9853

[23] Taylor K M L, Rieter W J, Lin W. Manganese-based nanoscale metal–organic frameworks for magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2008, 130(44): 14358–14359

[24] Rieter W J, Pott K M, Taylor K M L, . Nanoscale coordination polymers for platinum-based anticancer drug delivery. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2008, 130(35): 11584–11585

[25] Daiguebonne C, Kerbellec N, Guillou O, . Structural and luminescent properties of micro- and nanosized particles of lanthanide terephthalate coordination polymers. Inorganic Chemistry, 2008, 47(9): 3700–3708

[26] Allendorf M D, Bauer C A, Bhakta R K, . Luminescent metal–organic frameworks. Chemical Society Reviews, 2009, 38(5): 1330–1352

[27] Horrocks W D, Sudnick D R. Lanthanide ion luminescence probes of the structure of biological macromolecules. Accounts of Chemical Research, 1981, 14(12): 384–392

[28] Zhong S L, Xu R, Zhang L F, . Terbium-based infinite coordination polymer hollow microspheres: preparation and white-light emission. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2011, 21(41): 16574–16580

[29] Zhong S, Ji Y, Xie Q, . Coordination polymer nanospheres: Preparation, upconversion properties and cytotoxicity study. Materials Letters, 2013, 102–103: 19–21

[30] Zhong S, Wang M, Wang L, . Preparation of 3D cerium-based coordination polymer microstructures and their conversion to ceria. CrystEngComm, 2014, 16(2): 231–236

[31] Liao Y, Li Y, Wang L, . Multi-shelled ceria hollow spheres with a tunable shell number and thickness and their superior catalytic activity. Dalton Transactions, 2017, 46(5): 1634–1644

[32] Shi M, Zeng C, Wang L, . Straw-sheaf-like terbium-based coordination polymer architectures: microwave-assisted synthe-sis and their application as selective luminescent probes for heavy metal ions. New Journal of Chemistry, 2015, 39(4): 2973–2979

[33] Huang S, Xu H, Wang M, . Rapid microwave synthesis and photoluminescence properties of rare earth-based coordination polymer core–shell particles. Optical Materials, 2016, 62: 538–542

[34] Zhao D, Wang L, Li Y, . Uniform europium-based infinite coordination polymer submicrospheres: Fast microwave synthe-sis and characterization. Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 2012, 20: 97–100

[35] Zhong S, Jing H, Li Y, . Coordination polymer submicrospheres: fast microwave synthesis and their conversion under different atmospheres. Inorganic Chemistry, 2014, 53(16): 8278–8286

[36] Qian J J, Qiu L G, Wang Y M, . Fabrication of magnetically separable fluorescent terbium-based MOF nanospheres for highly selective trace-level detection of TNT. Dalton Transactions, 2014, 43(10): 3978–3983

[37] Xiao C, Xu H, Zhong S. Au@Eu-based coordination polymers core–shell nanoparticles: Photoluminescence and photothermal properties. Materials Letters, 2018, 216: 106–109

[38] Li B, Xu H, Xiao C, . Coordination polymer core/shell structures: Preparation and up/down-conversion luminescence. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2016, 479: 15–19

[39] Liu K, You H, Zheng Y, . Room-temperature synthesis of multi-morphological coordination polymer and tunable white-light emission. Crystal Growth & Design, 2010, 10(1): 16–19

[40] Zheng Y, Liu K, Qiao H, . Facile synthesis and catalytic properties of CeO₂ with tunable morphologies from thermal transformation of cerium benzendicarboxylate complexes. Cryst-EngComm, 2011, 13(6): 1786–1788

[41] Wang L, Zou H, Li Y, . Cerium-based coordination polymers micro/nanostructures: Room temperature synthesis and their thermolysis to ceria. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2017, 32(5): 484–488

[42] Rieter W J, Taylor K M L, An H, . Nanoscale metal–organic frameworks as potential multimodal contrast enhancing agents. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2006, 128(28): 9024–9025

[43] Geranmayeh S, Mohammadnejad M, Mohammadi S. Sonochemical synthesis and characterization of a new nano Ce(III) coordination supramolecular compound; highly sensitive direct fluorescent sensor for Cu²⁺. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2018, 40(Pt A): 453–459

[44] Etaiw S E H, Marie H. Ultrasonic synthesis of 1D-Zn(II) and La(III) supramolecular coordination polymers nanoparticles, fluorescence, sensing and photocatalytic property. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 2018, 364: 478–491

[45] Taylor K M L, Jin A, Lin W. Surfactant-assisted synthesis of nanoscale gadolinium metal–organic frameworks for potential multimodal imaging. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2008, 47(40): 7722–7725

[46] Zhao Y X, Nie Z W, Shi M M, . Cerium-based porous coordination polymers with hierarchical superstructures: fabrication, formation mechanism and their thermal conversion to hierarchical CeO₂. Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers, 2015, 2(6): 567–575

[47] Li S S, Ji Y H, Zhang S Q, . Fabrication of Yb³⁺/Er³⁺ co-doped yttrium-based coordination polymer hierarchical micro/nanostructures: upconversion luminescence properties and thermal conversion to the corresponding oxides. CrystEngComm, 2016, 18(36): 6809–6816

[48] Chen W, Li S, Zeng C H, . Eu-based coordination polymers micro-flowers: preparation and luminescence properties. Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials, 2017, 27(2): 598–604

[49] Liu K, You H, Jia G, . Hierarchically nanostructured coordination polymer: facile and rapid fabrication and tunable morphologies. Crystal Growth & Design, 2010, 10(2): 790–797

[50] Liu K, You H, Zheng Y, . Facile and rapid fabrication of metal–organic framework nanobelts and color-tunable photoluminescence properties. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2010, 20(16): 3272–3279

[51] Xiao J D, Qiu L G, Ke F, . Rapid synthesis of nanoscale terbium-based metal–organic frameworks by a combined ultrasound-vapour phase diffusion method for highly selective sensing of picric acid. Journal of Materials Chemistry A: Materials for Energy and Sustainability, 2013, 1(31): 8745–8752

[52] Dou Z, Yu J, Xu H, . Preparation and thiols sensing of luminescent metal–organic framework films functionalized with lanthanide ions. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2013, 179: 198–204

[53] Yan B, Qiao X F. Rare-earth/inorganic/organic polymeric hybrid materials: molecular assembly, regular microstructure and photoluminescence. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2007, 111(43): 12362–12374

[54] Hu S M, Niu H L, Qiu L G, . Facile synthesis of highly luminescent nanowires of a terbium-based metal–organic framework by an ultrasonic-assisted method and their application as a luminescent probe for selective sensing of organoamines. Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 2012, 17: 147–150

[55] Huang P, Wu F, Mao L. Target-triggered switching on and off the luminescence of lanthanide coordination polymer nanoparticles for selective and sensitive sensing of copper ions in rat brain. Analytical Chemistry, 2015, 87(13): 6834–6841

[56] Li Q, Yuan Z, Qian J, . Chemical stability and tunable luminescence of Ln(III)–K(I) coordination polymers featuring a tracery-like architecture. RSC Advances, 2015, 5(61): 49110–49114

[57] Zhong S, Bai L, Zhao D, . Europium(III) coordination polymers micro/nanostructures: A ligand structure effect. Materials Letters, 2013, 96: 125–127

[58] Zheng Y, Sun X, Su H, . Phenanthroline modulated self-assembly of nano/micro-scaled metal–organic frameworks. Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 2015, 60: 119–121

[59] Wang F, Deng K, Wu G, . Facile and large-scale syntheses of nanocrystal rare earth metal–organic frameworks at room temperature and their photoluminescence properties. Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials, 2012, 22(4): 680–685

[60] Sutar P, Suresh V M, Maji T K. Tunable emission in lanthanide coordination polymer gels based on a rationally designed blue emissive gelator. Chemical Communications, 2015, 51(48): 9876–9879

[61] Park J U, Lee H J, Cho W, . Facile synthetic route for thickness and composition tunable hollow metal oxide spheres from silica-templated coordination polymers. Advanced Materials, 2011, 23(28): 3161–3164

[62] Islamoglu T, Atilgan A, Moon S Y, . Cerium(IV) vs zirconium(IV) based metal–organic frameworks for detoxification of a nerve agent. Chemistry of Materials, 2017, 29(7): 2672–2675

[63] Xu G W, Wu Y P, Dong W W, . A multifunctional Tb-MOF for highly discriminative sensing of Eu³⁺/Dy³⁺ and as a catalyst support of Ag nanoparticles. Small, 2017, 13(22): 1602996

[64] Malik M A, Wani M Y, Hashim M A. Microemulsion method: A novel route to synthesize organic and inorganic nanomaterials. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2012, 5(4): 397–417

[65] Devaraju M K, Honma I. Hydrothermal and solvothermal process towards development of LiMPO₄ (M= Fe, Mn) nanomaterials for lithium-ion batteries. Advanced Energy Materials, 2012, 2(3): 284–297

[66] Gao M R, Xu Y F, Jiang J, . Nanostructured metal chalcogenides: synthesis, modification, and applications in energy conversion and storage devices. Chemical Society Reviews, 2013, 42(7): 2986–3017

[67] Byrappa K, Adschiri T. Hydrothermal technology for nanotechnology. Progress in Crystal Growth and Characterization of Materials, 2007, 53(2): 117–166

[68] Cundy C S, Cox P A. The hydrothermal synthesis of zeolites: history and development from the earliest days to the present time. Chemical Reviews, 2003, 103(3): 663–702

[69] Nüchter M, Ondruschka B, Bonrath W, . Microwave assisted synthesis-acritical technology overview. Green Chemistry, 2004, 6(3): 128–141

[70] Whittaker A G, Mingos D M P. The application of microwave heating to chemical syntheses. Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy, 1994, 29(4): 195–219

[71] Yu J C, Hu X, Li Q, . Synthesis and characterization of core–shell selenium/carbon colloids and hollow carbon capsules. Chemistry, 2006, 12(2): 548–552

[72] Bagheri S, Chandrappa K G, Hamid S B A. Facile synthesis of nano-sized ZnO by direct precipitation method. Der Pharma Chemica, 2013, 5(3): 265–270

[73] Shamsipur M, Pourmortazavi S M, Hajimirsadeghi S S, . Applying Taguchi robust design to the optimization of synthesis of barium carbonate nanorods via direct precipitation. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2013, 423: 35–41

[74] Liu Y, Goebl J, Yin Y. Templated synthesis of nanostructured materials. Chemical Society Reviews, 2013, 42(7): 2610–2653

[75] Jung S, Cho W, Lee H J, . Self-template-directed formation of coordination-polymer hexagonal tubes and rings, and their calcination to ZnO rings. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2009, 48(8): 1459–1462

[76] Liu F, Xue D. Chemical design of complex nanostructured metal oxides in solution. International Journal of Nanoscience, 2009, 8(6): 571–588

[77] Husein M M, Nassar N N. Nanoparticle preparation using the single microemulsions scheme. Current Nanoscience, 2008, 4(4): 370–380

[78] Pileni M P. The role of soft colloidal templates in controlling the size and shape of inorganic nanocrystals. Nature Materials, 2003, 2(3): 145–150

[79] Pileni M P. Mesostructured fluids in oil-rich regions: structural and templating approaches. Langmuir, 2001, 17(24): 7476–7486

[80] López-Quintela M A, Tojo C, Blanco M C, . Microemulsion dynamics and reactions in microemulsions. Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science, 2004, 9(3–4): 264–278

[81] Cushing B L, Kolesnichenko V L, O’Connor C J. Recent advances in the liquid-phase syntheses of inorganic nanoparticles. Chemical Reviews, 2004, 104(9): 3893–3946

[82] Kreilgaard M. Influence of microemulsions on cutaneous drug delivery. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 2002, 54(Suppl 1): S77–S98

[83] Lisiecki I, Billoudet F, Pileni M P. Syntheses of copper nanoparticles in gelified microemulsion and in reverse micelles. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 1997, 72(1–3): 251–261

[84] Carné A, Carbonell C, Imaz I, . Nanoscale metal–organic materials. Chemical Society Reviews, 2011, 40(1): 291–305

[85] Suslick K S, Flannigan D J. Inside a collapsing bubble: sonoluminescence and the conditions during cavitation. Annual Review of Physical Chemistry, 2008, 59(1): 659–683

[86] Suslick K S. Sonochemistry. Science, 1990, 247(4949): 1439–1445

[87] Xu H, Zeiger B W, Suslick K S. Sonochemical synthesis of nanomaterials. Chemical Society Reviews, 2013, 42(7): 2555–2567

[88] Gedanken A. Using sonochemistry for the fabrication of nanomaterials. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2004, 11(2): 47–55

[89] Suslick K S, Price G J. Applications of ultrasound to materials chemistry. Annual Review of Materials Science, 1999, 29(1): 295–326

[90] Zaitoun M A, Al-Tarawneh S. Effect of varying lanthanide local coordination sphere on luminescence properties illustrated by selected inorganic and organic rare earth complexes synthesized in sol–gel host glasses. Journal of Luminescence, 2011, 131(8): 1795–1801

[91] Cui Y, Yue Y, Qian G, . Luminescent functional metal–organic frameworks. Chemical Reviews, 2012, 112(2): 1126–1162

[92] Kim J S, Rieter W J, Taylor K M L, . Self-assembled hybrid nanoparticles for cancer-specific multimodal imaging. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2007, 129(29): 8962–8963

[93] Taylor K M L, Rieter W J, Lin W. Manganese-based nanoscale metal–organic frameworks for magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2008, 130(44): 14358–14359

[94] Shang K X, Sun J, Hu D C, . Six Ln(III) coordination polymers with a semirigid tetracarboxylic acid ligand: bifunctional luminescence sensing, NIR-luminescent emission, and magnetic properties. Crystal Growth & Design, 2018, 18(4): 2112–2120

[95] Della Rocca J, Lin W. Nanoscale metal–organic frameworks: magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents and beyond. European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2010, 2010(24): 3725–3734

[96] Della Rocca J, Liu D, Lin W. Nanoscale metal–organic frameworks for biomedical imaging and drug delivery. Accounts of Chemical Research, 2011, 44(10): 957–968

[97] Ma Z, Moulton B. Recent advances of discrete coordination complexes and coordination polymers in drug delivery. Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 2011, 255(15–16): 1623–1641

[98] An J, Geib S J, Rosi N L. Cation-triggered drug release from a porous zinc-adeninate metal–organic framework. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2009, 131(24): 8376–8377

[99] Leong W L, Vittal J J. One-dimensional coordination polymers: complexity and diversity in structures, properties, and applications. Chemical Reviews, 2011, 111(2): 688–764

[100] Vittal J J, Ng M T. Chemistry of metal thio- and selenocarbo-xylates: precursors for metal sulfide/selenide materials, thin films, and nanocrystals. Accounts of Chemical Research, 2006, 39(11): 869–877

[101] Masoomi M Y, Morsali A. Applications of metal–organic coordination polymers as precursors for preparation of nano-materials. Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 2012, 256(23–24): 2921–2943

[102] Meilikhov M, Yusenko K, Esken D, . Metals@MOFs-loading MOFs with metal nanoparticles for hybrid functions. European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2010, 2010(24): 3701–3714

[103] Jiang H L, Xu Q. Porous metal–organic frameworks as platforms for functional applications. Chemical Communications, 2011, 47(12): 3351–3370

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 21641008 and 91622105) and the Jiangxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology (Grant Nos. 20161BAB203083 and 20172BCB22008).

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

2018 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature