Hydrogen production from water splitting on CdS-based photocatalysts using solar light
Received date: 29 Oct 2012
Accepted date: 12 Dec 2012
Published date: 05 Mar 2013
Copyright
Hydrogen energy has been regarded as the most promising energy resource in the near future due to that it is a clean and sustainable energy. And the heterogeneous photocatalytic hydrogen production is increasingly becoming a research hotspot around the world today. As visible light response photocatalysts for hydrogen production, cadmium sulfide (CdS) is the most representative material, the research of which is of continuing popularity. In the past several years, there has been significant progress in water splitting on CdS-based photocatalysts using solar light, especially in the development of co-catalysts. In this paper, recent researches into photocatalytic water splitting on CdS-based photocatalysts are reviewed, including controllable synthesis of CdS, modifications with different kinds of cocatalysts, solid solution, intercalated with layered nanocomposites and metal oxides, and hybrids with graphenes etc. Finally, the problems and future challenges in photocatalytic water splitting on CdS-based photocatalysts are described.
Key words： hydrogen; photocatalysis; solar conversion; cadmium sulfide (CdS) complex
Xiaoping CHEN , Wenfeng SHANGGUAN . Hydrogen production from water splitting on CdS-based photocatalysts using solar light[J]. Frontiers in Energy, 2013 , 7(1) : 111 -118 . DOI: 10.1007/s11708-012-0228-4
| 1 |
Fujishima A, Honda K. Electrochemical photolysis of water at a semiconductor electrode. Nature, 1972, 238(5358): 37–38
|
| 2 |
Shangguan W F. Progress in hydrogen production from water splitting using solar light. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2001, 17(5): 619–624
|
| 3 |
Hosono E, Fujihara S, Imai H, Honma I, Masaki I, Zhou H S. One-step synthesis of nano-micro chestnut TiO2 with rutile nanopins on the microanatase octahedron. ACS Nano, 2007, 1(4): 273–278
|
| 4 |
Chuangchote S, Jitputti J, Sagawa T, Yoshikawa S. Photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution of electrospun TiO2 nanofibers. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2009, 1(5): 1140–1143
|
| 5 |
Weng C C, Hsu K F, Wei K H. Synthesis of arrayed TiO2 needlelike nanostructures via a polystyrene-block-poly (4-vinylpyridine) diblock copolymer template. Chemistry of Materials, 2004, 16(21): 4080–4086
|
| 6 |
Wang H Q, Wu Z B, Liu Y. A simple two-step template approach for preparing carbon-doped mesoporous TiO2. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2009, 113(30): 13317–13324
|
| 7 |
Wang D A, Liu Y, Wang C W, Zhou F, Liu W M. Highly flexible coaxial nanohybrids made from porous TiO2 nanotubes. ACS Nano, 2009, 3(5): 1249–1257
|
| 8 |
Irie H, Watanabe Y, Hashimoto K. Nitrogen-concentration dependence on photocatalytic activity of TiO2-xNx powders. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2003, 107(23): 5483–5486
|
| 9 |
Khan S U, Al-Shahry M, Ingler W B Jr. Efficient photochemical water splitting by a chemically modified n-TiO2. Science, 2002, 297(5590): 2243–2245
|
| 10 |
Yan H J, Yang J H, Ma G J, Wua G P, Zong X, Lei Z B, Shi J Y, Li C. Visible-light-driven hydrogen production with extremely high quantum efficiency on Pt-PdS/CdS photocatalys. Journal of Catalysis, 2009, 266(2): 165–168
|
| 11 |
Maeda K, Saito N, Lu D, Inoue Y, Domen K. Photocatalytic properties of RuO2-loaded β-Ge3N4 for overall water splitting. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2007, 111(12): 4749–4755
|
| 12 |
Hara M, Hitoki G, Takata T, Kondo J N, Kobayashi H, Domen K. TaON and Ta3N5 as new visible light driven photocatalysts. Catalysis Today, 2003, 78(1–4): 555–560
|
| 13 |
Ohmori T, Mametsuka H, Suzuki E. Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution on InP suspension with inorganic sacricial reducing agent. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2000, 25(10): 953–955
|
| 14 |
Kato H, Asakura K, Kudo A. Highly efficient water splitting into H2 and O2 over lanthanum-doped NaTaO3 photocatalysts with high crystallinity and surface nanostructure. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2003, 125(10): 3082–3089
|
| 15 |
Yoshioka K, Petrykin V, Kakihana M, Kato H, Kudo A. The relationship between photocatalytic activity and crystal structure in strontium tantalates. Journal of Catalysis, 2005, 232(1): 102–107
|
| 16 |
Domen K, Kudo A, Tanaka A, Onishi T. Overall photodecomposition of water on a layered niobiate catalyst. Catalysis Today, 1990, 8(1): 77–84
|
| 17 |
Wang D F, Zou Z G, Ye J H. A new spinel-type photocatalyst BaCr2O4 for H2 evolution under UV and visible light irradiation. Chemical Physics Letters, 2003, 373(1–2): 191–196
|
| 18 |
Zou Z G, Ye J H, Arakawa H. Role of R in Bi2RNbO7 (R= Y, Rare Earth): Effect on band structure and photocatalytic properties. Journal of Physical Chemistry, 2002, 106(3): 517–520
|
| 19 |
Maeda K, Teramura K, Lu D L, Takata T, Saito N, Inoue Y, Domen K. Photocatalyst releasing hydrogen from water. Nature, 2006, 440(7082): 295
|
| 20 |
Wang X C, Maeda K, Lee Y, Domen K. Enhancement of photocatalytic activity of (Zn1+xGe)(N2Ox) for visible-light-driven overall water splitting by calcination under nitrogen. Chemical Physics Letters, 2008, 457(1–3): 134–136
|
| 21 |
Tsuji I, Kato H, Kobayashi H, Kudo A. Photocatalytic H2 evolution reaction from aqueous solutions over band structure-controlled (AgIn)xZn2(1-x)S2 solid solution photocatalysts with visible-light response and their surface nanostructures. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2004, 126(41): 13406–13413
|
| 22 |
Liu H, Yuan J, Shangguan W F, Teraoka Y. Visible-light-responding BiYWO6 solid solution for stoichiometric photocatalytic water splitting. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2008, 112(23): 8521–8523
|
| 23 |
Shangguan W F. Hydrogen evolution from water splitting on nanocomposite photocatalysts. Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2007, 8(1,2): 76–81
|
| 24 |
Kudo A, Miseki Y. Heterogeneous photocatalyst materials for water splitting. Chemical Society Reviews, 2009, 38(1): 253–278
|
| 25 |
Agarwal R, Barrelet C J, Lieber C M. Lasing in single cadmium sulfide nanowire optical cavities. Nano Letters, 2005, 5(5): 917–920
|
| 26 |
Sathish M, Viswanathan B, Viswanath R P. Alternate synthetic strategy for the preparation of CdS nanoparticles and its exploitation for watersplitting. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2006, 31(7): 891–898
|
| 27 |
Grzelczak M, Correa-Duarte M A, Salgueirino-Maceira V, Giersig M, Diaz R, Liz-Marzán L M. Photoluminescence quenching control in quantum dot-carbon nanotube composite colloids using a silica-shell spacer. Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), 2006, 18(4): 415–420
|
| 28 |
Liu J K, Luo C X, Yang X H, Zhang X Y. Ultrasonic-template method synthesis of CdS hollow nanoparticle chains. Materials Letters, 2009, 63(1): 124–126
|
| 29 |
Wang X L, Feng Z C, Fan D Y, Fan F T, Li C. Shape-controlled synthesis of CdS nanostructures via a solvothermal method. Crystal & Growth Design, 2010, 12(12): 5312–5318
|
| 30 |
Yang X H, Wu Q S, Li L, Ding Y P, Zhang G X. Controlled synthesis of the semiconductor CdS quasi-nanospheres, nanoshuttles, nanowires and nanotubes by the reverse micelle systems with different surfactants. Colloid and Surfaces A. Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2005, 264(1–3): 172–178
|
| 31 |
Li C L, Yuan J, Han B Y, Shangguan W F. Synthesis and photochemical performance of morphology-controlled CdS photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution under visible light. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2011, 36(7): 4271–4279
|
| 32 |
Bao N Z, Shen L M, Takata T, Domen K. Self-templated synthesis of nanoporous CdS nanostructures for highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production under visible light. Chemistry of Materials, 2008, 20(1): 110–117
|
| 33 |
Yu J G, Zhang J, Jaronic M. Preparation and enhanced visible-light photocatalytic H2-production activity of CdS quantum dots-sensitized Zn1-xCdxS solid solution. Green Chemistry, 2010, 12(9): 1611–1614
|
| 34 |
Bao N Z, Shen L M, Takata T, Domen K, Gupta A, Yanagisawa K, Grimes C A. Facile Cd-thiourea complex thermolysis synthesis of phase-controlled CdS nanocrystals for photocatalytic hydrogen production under visible light. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2007, 111(47): 17527–17534
|
| 35 |
Borgarello E, Kalyanasundaram K, Gratzel M. Visible light induced generation of hydrogen from H2S in CdS-dispersions, hole transfer catalysis by RuO2. Helvetica Chimica Acta, 1982, 65(1): 243–248
|
| 36 |
Yang T T, Chen W T, Hsu Y J, Wei K H, Lin T Y, Lin T W. Interfacial charge carrier dynamics in core shell Au-CdS nanocrystals. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2010, 114(26): 11414–11420
|
| 37 |
Yang J H, Yan H J, Wang X L, Wen F Y, Wang Z J, Fan D Y, Shi J Y, Li C. Roles of cocatalysts in Pt-PdS/CdS with exceptionally high quantum efficiency for photocatalytic hydrogen production. Journal of Catalysis, 2012, 290: 151–157
|
| 38 |
Shangguan W F. Hydrogen evolution from water splitting on Nanocomposite photocatalysts. Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2007, 8(1,2): 76–81
|
| 39 |
Luo M, Liu Y, Hu J C, Liu H, Li J L. One-pot synthesis of CdS and Ni-doped CdS hollow spheres with enhanced photocatalytic activity and durability. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2012, 4(3): 1813–1821
|
| 40 |
Tabata M, Maeda K, Ishihara T, Minegishi T, Takata T, Domen K. Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water using copper gallium sulfide under visible-light irradiation. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2010, 114(25): 11215–11220
|
| 41 |
Zong X, Han J F, Ma G J, Yan H J, Wu G P, Li C. Photocatalytic H2 evolution on CdS loaded with WS2 as cocatalyst under visible light irradiation. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2011, 115(24): 12202–12208
|
| 42 |
Zong X, Wu G P, Yan H J, Ma G J, Shi J Y, Wen F Y, Wang L, Li C. Photocatalytic H2 evolution on MoS2/CdS catalysts under visible light irradiation. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2010, 114(4): 1963–1968
|
| 43 |
Sayama K, Mukasa K, Abe R, Abe Y, Arakawa H. Stoichiometric water splitting into H2 and O2 using a mixture of two different photocatalysts and IO3-/I- shuttle redox mediator under visible light irradiation. Chemical Communications (Cambridge), 2001, (23): 2416–2417
|
| 44 |
Kato H, Hori M, Konta R, Shimodaira Y, Kudo A. Construction of Z-scheme type heterogeneous photocatalysis systems for water splitting into H2 and O2 under visible light irradiation. Chemistry Letters, 2004, 33(10): 1348–1349
|
| 45 |
Tada H, Mitsui T, Kiyonaga T, Akita T, Tanaka K. All-solid-state Z-scheme in CdS-Au-TiO2 three-component nanojunction system. Nature Materials, 2006, 5(10): 782–786
|
| 46 |
Shangguan W F, Yoshida A. Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water on nanocomposites incorporating cadmium sulfide into the interlayer. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2002, 106(47): 12227–12230
|
| 47 |
Sato T, Masaki K, Sato K, Fujishiro Y, Okuwaki A. Photocatalytic properties of layered hydrous titanium oxide/CdS-ZnS nanocomposites incorporating CdS-ZnS into the interlayer. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire), 1996, 67(4): 339–344
|
| 48 |
Sato T, Sato K, Fujishiro Y, Yoshioka T, Okuwaki A. Photochemical reduction of nitrate to ammonia using layered hydrous Titanate/Cadmium sulphide nanocomposites. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire), 1996, 67(4): 345–349
|
| 49 |
Shangguan W F, Yoshida A. Synthesis and photocatalytic properties of CdS-intercalated metal oxides. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2001, 69(2): 189–194
|
| 50 |
Gao X F, Sun W T, Hu Z D, Ai G, Zhang Y L, Feng S, Li F, Peng L M. Hu Z-D, Ai G, Zhang Y-L, Feng S, Li F, Peng L-M. An efficient method to form heterojunction CdS/TiO2 photoelectrodes using highly ordered TiO2 nanotube array films. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2009, 113(47): 20481–20485
|
| 51 |
Barpuzary D, Khan Z, Vinothkumar N, De M, Qureshi M. Hierarchically grown urchinlike CdS@ZnO and CdS@Al2O3 heteroarrays for efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic hydrogen generation. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2012, 116(1): 150–156
|
| 52 |
Wang L, Wei H W, Fan Y J, Gu X, Zhan J H. One-dimensional CdS/r-Fe2O3 and CdS/Fe3O4 heterostructures: epitaxial and nonepitaxial growth and photocatalytic activity. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2009, 113(32): 14119–14125
|
| 53 |
Li C L, Yuan J, Han B Y, Jiang L, Shangguan W F. TiO2 Nanotubes incorporated with CdS for photocatalytic hydrogen production from splitting water under visible light irradiation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2010, 35(13): 7073–7079
|
| 54 |
Xing C J, Zhang Y J, Yan W, Guo L J. Band structure-controlled solid solution of Cd1-xZnxS photocatalyst for hydrogen production by water splitting. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2006, 31(14): 2018–2024
|
| 55 |
Kimi M, Yuliati L, Shamsuddin M. Photocatalytic hydrogen production under visible light over Cd0.1SnxZn09-2xS solid solution photocatalysts. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2011, 36(16): 9453–9461
|
| 56 |
Ikeue K, Shiiba S, Machida M. Novel Visible-light-driven photocatalyst based on Mn-Cd-S for efficient H2 evolution. Chemistry of Materials, 2010, 22(3): 743–745
|
| 57 |
Xie S L, Lu X H, Zhai T, Gan J Y, Li W, Xu M, Yu M H, Zhang Y M, Tong Y X. Controllable synthesis of ZnxCd1-xS@ZnO core-shell nanorods with enhanced photocatalytic activity. Langmuir, 2012, 28(28): 10558–10564
|
| 58 |
Zhang J, Yu J G, Jaroniec M, Gong J R. Noble metal-free reduced graphene oxide-ZnxCd1-xS nanocomposite with enhanced solar photocatalytic H2-production performance. Nano Letters, 2012, 12(9): 4584–4589
|
| 59 |
Gao P, Liu J C, Lee S, Zhang T, Sun D D. High quality graphene oxide-CdS-Pt nanocomposites for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2012, 22(5): 2292–2298
|
| 60 |
Lee H, Heo K, Maaroof A, Park Y, Noh S, Park J, Jian J, Lee C, Seong M J, Hong S. High-performance photoconductive channels based on (carbon nanotube)-(CdS nanowire) hybrid nanostructures. Small, 2012, 8(11): 1650–1656
|
| 61 |
Jia L, Wang D H, Huang Y X, Xu A W, Yu H Q. Highly durable N-doped graphene/CdS nanocomposites with enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water under visible light irradiation. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2011, 115(23): 11466–11473
|
| 62 |
Gao Z Y, Liu N, Wu D P, Tao W Q, Xu F, Jiang K. Graphene-CdS composite, synthesis and enhanced photocatalytic activity. Applied Surface Science, 2012, 258(7): 2473–2478
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |