Advancing performance assessment of a spectral beam splitting hybrid PV/T system with water-based SiO2 nanofluid
Received date: 30 Oct 2023
Accepted date: 08 Jan 2024
Copyright
Spectral beam split is attracting more attention thanks to the efficient use of whole spectrum solar energy and the cogenerative supply for electricity and heat. Nanofluids can selectively absorb and deliver specific solar spectra, making various nanofluids ideal for potential use in hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) systems for solar spectrum separation. Clarifying the effects of design parameters is extremely beneficial for optimal frequency divider design and system performance enhancement. The water-based SiO2 nanofluid with excellent thermal and absorption properties was proposed as the spectral beam splitter in the present study, to improve the efficiency of a hybrid PV/T system. Moreover, a dual optical path method was applied to get its spectral transimissivity and analyze the impact of its concentration and optical path on its optical properties. Furthermore, a PV and photothermal model of the presented system was built to investigate the system performance. The result indicates that the transimissivity of the nanofluids to solar radiation gradually decreases with increasing SiO2 nanofluid concentration and optical path. The higher nanofluid concentration leads to a lower electrical conversion efficiency, a higher thermal conversion efficiency, and an overall system efficiency. Considering the overall efficiency and economic cost, the optimal SiO2 nanofluid concentration is 0.10 wt.% (wt.%, mass fraction). Increasing the optical path (from 0 to 30 mm) results in a 60.43% reduction in electrical conversion efficiency and a 50.84% increase in overall system efficiency. However, the overall system efficiency rises sharply as the optical path increases in the 0–10 mm range, and then slowly at the optical path of 10–30 mm. Additionally, the overall system efficiency increases first and then drops upon increasing the focusing ratio. The maximum efficiency is 51.93% at the focusing ratio of 3.
Bin Yang , Yuan Zhi , Yao Qi , Lingkang Xie , Xiaohui Yu . Advancing performance assessment of a spectral beam splitting hybrid PV/T system with water-based SiO2 nanofluid[J]. Frontiers in Energy, . DOI: 10.1007/s11708-024-0935-7
Abbreviations | |
AM1.5 | Solar irradiance for air mass 1.5 W/m2 |
DI | Deionized water |
HTF | Heat transfer fluid |
PV | Photovoltaic |
PV/T | Photovoltaic/thermal |
SBS | Spectral beam splitting |
TESPI | Thermal electric solar panel integration |
Symbols | |
A | Area/m2 |
D | Cuvette thickness/mm |
E | Energy |
FF | Filling factor of solar cells |
G | Intensity of sunlight exposure energy |
I | Intensity of current/A |
k | Empirical parameters of solar cells |
K | Boltzmann constant |
N | Number of batteries |
P | Power/W |
q | Electron quantity |
r | Relative temperature coefficient |
R | Resistance/Ω |
T | transimissivity measurement/% |
V | Voltage/V |
x | Fluid thickness/mm |
Greek letters | |
α | Absorption coefficient |
δ | Temperature coefficient of power |
λ | Wavelength/nm |
τ | transimissivity/% |
η | Coefficient |
Subscripts | |
air, cuv | Air–cuvette interface |
c | Colorimetric dish |
d | Dark |
el | Electricity |
fl | Fliud |
flu, cuv | Fluid–cuvette interface |
g0 | Semiconductor bandwidth gap |
i | Intensity |
m | Maximum |
n | Standard |
oc | Open-circuit |
p | Power plant |
ph | Photogenerated |
pv | Photovoltaic |
ref | Referent |
rs | Reverse saturation |
s | Series |
sc | Short-circuit |
sh | Shunt |
th | Thermal output |
tot | Total |
collector | Collector |
0 | Saturation |
1 | Liquid thickness of first cuvette |
2 | Liquid thickness of second cuvette |
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