REVIEW ARTICLE

Comprehensive review of modeling, structure, and integration techniques of smart buildings in the cyber-physical-social system

  • Kai GONG 1 ,
  • Jianlin YANG , 2 ,
  • Xu WANG , 1 ,
  • Chuanwen JIANG 1 ,
  • Zhan XIONG 1 ,
  • Ming ZHANG 3 ,
  • Mingxing GUO 3 ,
  • Ran LV 3 ,
  • Su WANG 3 ,
  • Shenxi ZHANG 1
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  • 1. Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion of the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
  • 2. State Power Investment Corporation Limited Wind Power Innovation Center, Shanghai 201100, China
  • 3. State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company, Shanghai 201100, China

Received date: 18 Jan 2021

Accepted date: 21 Jul 2021

Published date: 15 Feb 2022

Copyright

2021 Higher Education Press

Abstract

Smart buildings have been proven to be a kind of flexible demand response resources in the power system. To maximize the utilization of the demand response resources, such as the heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC), the energy storage systems (ESSs), the plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), and the photovoltaic systems (PVs), their controlling, operation and information communication technologies have been widely studied. Involving human behaviors and cyber space, a traditional power system evolves into a cyber-physical-social system (CPSS). Lots of new operation frameworks, controlling methods and potential resources integration techniques will be introduced. Conversely, these new techniques urge the reforming requirement of the techniques on the modeling, structure, and integration techniques of smart buildings. In this paper, a brief comprehensive survey of the modeling, controlling, and operation of smart buildings is provided. Besides, a novel CPSS-based smart building operation structure is proposed, and the integration techniques for the group of smart buildings are discussed. Moreover, available business models for aggregating the smart buildings are discussed. Furthermore, the required advanced technologies for well-developed smart buildings are outlined.

Cite this article

Kai GONG , Jianlin YANG , Xu WANG , Chuanwen JIANG , Zhan XIONG , Ming ZHANG , Mingxing GUO , Ran LV , Su WANG , Shenxi ZHANG . Comprehensive review of modeling, structure, and integration techniques of smart buildings in the cyber-physical-social system[J]. Frontiers in Energy, 2022 , 16(1) : 74 -94 . DOI: 10.1007/s11708-021-0792-6

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Shanghai Science and Technology Plan Funded Project (20dz1206200), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51907120), and Shanghai Sailing Program (19YF1423600).
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