Unified cycle model of a class of internal combustion engines and their optimum performance characteristics

Abstract

The unified cycle model of a class of internal combustion engines is presented, in which the influence of the multi-irreversibilities mainly resulting from the adiabatic processes, finite-time processes and heat leak loss through the cylinder wall on the performance of the cycle are taken into account. Based on the thermodynamic analysis method, the mathematical expressions of the power output and efficiency of the cycle are calculated and some important characteristic curves are given. The influence of the various design parameters such as the high-low pressure ratio, the high-low temperature ratio, the compression and expansion isentropic efficiencies etc. on the performance of the cycle is analyzed. The optimum criteria of some important parameters such as the power output, efficiency and pressure ratio are derived. The results obtained from this unified cycle model are very general and useful, from which the optimal performance of the Atkinson, Otto, Diesel, Dual and Miller heat engines and some new heat engines can be directly derived.

Keywords

internal combustion engine / irreversibility / power output / efficiency / optimization

References

[1] Wu C, Chen L, Chen J. Recent Advances in Finite-Time Thermodynamics. New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 1999

[2] Bejan A. Advanced Engineering Thermodynamics. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley, 1996

[3] Moran M J, Shapiro H N. Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley, 1992

[4] Mozurkewich M, Stephen B. Optimal paths for thermodynamic systems: The ideal Otto cycle. Journal of Applied Physics, 1982, 53(1): 34-42

[5] Angulo-Brown F, Rocha-Martínez J, Navarrete-González T D, Navarrete- González T. A non-endoreversible Otto cycle model: improving power output and efficiency. Journal of Physics D, Applied Physics, 1996, 29(1): 80-83

[6] Chen L, Wu C, Sun F R, Cao S. Heat transfer effects on the net work output and efficiency characteristics for an air-standard Otto cycle. Energy Conversion and Management, 1998, 39(7): 643-648

[7] Bhattacharyya S. Optimizing an irreversible Diesel cycle—fine tuning of compression ratio and cut-off ratio. Energy Conversion and Management, 2000, 41(8): 847-854

[8] Akash B. Effect of heat transfer on the performance of an air-standard Diesel cycle. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2001, 28(1): 87-95

[9] Ge Y L, Chen L G, Sun F R, Wu C. Reciprocating heat-engine cycles. Applied Energy, 2005, 81(4): 397-408

[10] Chen J C, Zhao Y R, He J Z. Optimization criteria for the important parameters of an irreversible Otto heat-engine. Applied Energy, 2006, 83(3): 228-238

[11] Zhao Y R, Lin B H, Zhang Y, Chen J C.Performance analysis and parametric optimum design of an irreversible Diesel heat engine. Energy Conversion and Management, 2006, 47(18,19): 3383-3392

[12] Zhao Y R, Chen J C. Performance analysis and parametric optimum criteria of an irreversible Atkinson heat-engine. Applied Energy, 2006, 83(8): 789-800

[13] Zhao Y R, Chen J C. An irreversible heat engine model including three typical thermodynamic cycles and their optimum performance analysis. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2007, 46(6): 605-613

[14] Zhao Y R, Chen J C. Performance analysis of an irreversible Miller heat engine and its optimum criteria. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2007, 27(11,12): 2051-2058

[15] Chen L G, Wu C, Sun F R.Cooling load versus cop characteristics for an irreversible air refrigeration cycle. Energy Conversion and Management, 1998, 39(1,2): 117-125

[16] Aragón-González G, Canales-Palma A, León-Galicia A. Maximum irreversible work and efficiency in power cycles. Journal of Physics. D, Applied Physics, 2000, 33(11): 1403-1409

[17] Curzon F, Ahlborn B. Efficiency of a Carnot engine at maximum power output. American Journal of Physics, 1975, 43(1): 22-24

[18] Salamon P, Nitzan A. Finite time optimizations of a Newton’s law Carnot cycle. Journal of Chemical Physics, 1981, 74(6): 3546-3560

[19] Chen J C, Yan Z J. Unified description of endoreversible cycles. Physical Review A: General Physics, 1989, 39(8): 4140-4147

[20] Angulo-Brown F, Fernández-Betanzos J, Díaz-Pico C A. Compression ratio of an optimized air standard Otto-cycle model. European Journal of Physics, 1994, 15(1): 38-42

[21] Chen L G, Ge Y L, Sun F R. Unified thermodynamic description and optimization for a class of irreversible reciprocating heat engine cycles. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part D, Journal of Automobile Engineering, 2008, 222(8): 1489-1500

[22] Ebrahimi R. Performance optimization of a Diesel cycle with specific heat ratio. Journal of American Science, 2010, 6(1): 157-161

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Key Project of Fujian Service Hercynian Construction (A100) and the Key Subject Construction Funds of Quanzhou Normal University, China.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

2014 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg