Advances in micro/nanoplastics exposure and toxic effectsduring early childhood care

Abstract

The escalating contamination of micro/nanoplastics (MNPs) has raised significant concerns regarding their potential threats to human health, particularly that of infants and toddlers. Evidence suggests that MNPs exposure is widespread during infant and toddler care, with major sources including the use and degradation of plastic-containing products. These particles can enter children's bodies via ingestion, dermal contact and inhalation, potentially exerting adverse effects on their physical growth, as well as their immune, nervous, and endocrine systems.This review analyzes the sources, exposure pathways, and toxicological effects of MNPs contamination. Furthermore, it explores corresponding prevention and control measures to provide a scientific basis for mitigating pediatric MNPs exposure and formulating effective protective strategies.

Keywords

micro/nanoplastics / nurturing care / toxic effects / prevention and control measures / exposure / health risk / infants and toddlers