Effect of effluent organic matter on ozonation of bezafibrate

Abstract

The influence of three effluent organic matter (EfOM) model compounds, humic acid (HA), bovine serum albumin (BSA), and sodium alginate (AGS), on the ozonation of bezafibrate (BF), a typical pharmaceutical and personal care product (PPCP), was investigated. The results show that ozonation efficiently removed BF from aqueous solution with removal efficiencies>95% within 8 min for all conditions. The reaction rate of BF decreased with increasing model compounds concentrations and the influence was more pronounced for HA and BSA, while less pronounced for AGS. Although BF concentration was significantly reduced, the degree of mineralization achieved was only approximately 11%. The addition of HA and BSA improved the mineralization of the solution, while the influence of AGS was minor. The acute toxicity of BF solution during ozonation was determined using the Luminescent bacteria test, and the toxicity exhibited an initial increase and a successive reduction. An overall decreased acute toxicity was observed with an increase of HA. The presence of BSA increased the formation rate of toxicity intermediates and resulted in inhibition peak forward.

Keywords

ozonation / bezafibrate / acute toxicity / humic acid / bovine serum albumin / sodium alginate

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Acknowledgements

This research was partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 51208199), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2013T60429), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, the Foundation of The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, China (No. PCRRG 11017), and Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No. 20130072120033).

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