Biosorption of Cr(VI) by carbonized Eupatorium adenophorum and Buckwheat straw: thermodynamics and mechanism

Abstract

High quality and low cost carbon can be prepared from Eupatorium adenophorum (E. adenophorum) and Buckwheat straw. The biosorbent was used for Cr(VI) removal. The effect of experimental parameters, such as pH, sorbent dosage and temperature were examined and the optimal experimental condition was determined. Solution pH is found influencing the adsorption. Cr(VI) removal efficiency is found to be maximum (98%) at pH= 1. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms were applicable to the adsorption process and their constants were evaluated. The adsorption data obtained agreed well with the Langmuir sorption isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacities for Cr(VI) ranged from 46.23 to 55.19 mg·g^-1 for temperature between 298 K and 308 K under the condition of pH= 1.0. Thermodynamic parameters such as free energy change (\mathrm{\Delta }G), enthalpy (\mathrm{\Delta }H) and entropy (\mathrm{\Delta }S) indicate a spontaneous, endothermic and increased randomness nature of Cr(VI) adsorption. Studies found that the raw E. adenophorum and buckwheat straw mixed materials with simple treatment had a high efficiency for the removal of Cr(VI) and would be a promising adsorbent.

Keywords

Eupatorium adenophorum / buckwheat straw / adsorption / Cr(VI) / thermodynamics

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by a grant from the Applied Basic Research Programs of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province (No. 2013JY0131).

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2014 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg