Preparation of a novel anion exchange group modified hyper-crosslinked resin for the effective adsorption of both tetracycline and humic acid

Abstract

A novel hyper-crosslinked resin (MENQ) modified with an anion exchange group was prepared using divinylbenzene (DVB) and methyl acrylate (MA) as comonomers via four steps: suspension polymerization, post-crosslinking, ammonolysis and alkylation reactions. The obtained resin had both a high specific surface area (793.34 m²·g^-1) and a large exchange capacity (strong base anion exchange capacity, SEC: 0.74 mmol·g^-1, weak base anion exchange capacity, WEC: 0.45 mmol·g^-1). XAD-4 was selected as an adsorbent for comparison to investigate the adsorption behavior of tetracycline (TC) and humic acid (HA) onto the adsorbents. The results revealed that MENQ could effectively remove both TC and HA. The adsorption capacity of XAD-4 for TC was similar to that of MENQ, but XAD-4 exhibited poor performance for the adsorption of HA. The adsorption isotherms of TC and HA were well-fitted with the Freundlich model, which indicated the existence of heterogeneous adsorption through cation-π bonding and π–π interactions. The optimal solution condition for the adsorption of TC was at a pH of 5–6, whereas the adsorption of HA was enhanced with increasing pH of the solution.

Keywords

high surface area / adsorption / anion exchange / micropollutant / dissolved organic matters

References

[1] Deng S B, Yu Q, Huang J, Yu G. Removal of perfluorooctane sulfonate from wastewater by anion exchange resins: effects of resin properties and solution chemistry. Water Research, 2010, 44(18): 5188-5195

[2] Bolto B, Dixon D, Eldridge R, King S, Linge K. Removal of natural organic matter by ion exchange. Water Research, 2002, 36(20): 5057-5065

[3] Humbert H, Gallard H, Suty H, Croué J P. Performance of selected anion exchange resins for the treatment of a high DOC content surface water. Water Research, 2005, 39(9): 1699-1708

[4] Shuang C D, Pan F, Zhou Q, Li A M, Li P H, Yang W. Magnetic polyacrylic anion exchange resin: preparation, characterization and adsorption behavior of humic acid. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2012, 51(11): 4380-4387

[5] Wang J N, Li A M, Zhou Y, Xu L. Study on the influence of humic acid of different molecular weight on basic ion exchange resin’s adsorption capacity. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2009, 20(12): 1478-1482

[6] Beaber J W, Hochhut B, Waldor M K. SOS response promotes horizontal dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes. Nature, 2004, 427(6969): 72-74

[7] Humbert H, Gallard H, Suty H, Croué J P. Natural organic matter (NOM) and pesticides removal using a combination of ion exchange resin and powdered activated carbon (PAC). Water Research, 2008, 42(6-7): 1635-1643

[8] Senevirathna S T M L D, Tanaka S, Fujii S, Kunacheva C, Harada H, Ariyadasa B H A K T, Shivakoti B R. Adsorption of perfluorooctane sulfonate (n-PFOS) onto non ion-exchange polymers and granular activated carbon: Batch and column test. Desalination, 2010, 260(1-3): 29-33

[9] Yang W B, Lu Y P, Zheng F F, Xue X X, Li N, Liu D M. Adsorption behavior and mechanisms of norfloxacin onto porous resins and carbon nanotube. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2012, 179(1): 112-118

[10] Yang W B, Zheng F F, Lu Y P, Xue X X, Li N. Adsorption interaction of tetracyclines with porous synthetic resins. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2011, 50(24): 13892-13898

[11] Zhou Q, Li Z Q, Shuang C D, Li A M, Zhang M C, Wang M Q. Efficient removal of tetracycline by reusable magnetic microspheres with a high surface area. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2012, 210(11): 350-356

[12] Wang J N, Li A M, Zhou Y D, Zhang Q X. Adsorption of humic acid on weakly basic resin with macropores. Chemical Journal of Chinese Universties, 2009, 30(1): 181-184 (in China)

[13] Wang J N, Li A M, Xu L, Zhou Y. Adsorption of tannic and gallic acids on a new polymeric adsorbent and the effect of Cu(II) on their removal. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009, 169(1-3): 794-800

[14] Shuang C D, Li P H, Li A M, Zhou Q, Zhang M, Zhou Y. Quaternized magnetic microspheres for the efficient removal of reactive dyes. Water Research, 2012, 46(14): 4417-4426

[15] Zhou Q, Zhang M C, Shuang C D, Li A M, Li A M. Preparation of a novel magnetic powder resin for the rapid removal of tetracycline in the aquatic environment. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2012, 23(6): 745-748

[16] Dwivedi C P, Sahu J N, Mohanty C R, Mohan B R, Meikap B C. Column performance of granular activated carbon packed bed for Pb(II) removal. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2008, 156(1-3): 596-603

[17] Xu L C, Dai J D, Pan J M, Li X, Huo P, Yan Y, Zou X, Zhang R. Performance of rattle-type magnetic mesoporous silica spheres in the adsorption of single and binary antibiotics. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2011, 174(1): 221-230

[18] Ji L L, Liu F L, Xu Z Y, Zheng S R, Zhu D Q. Adsorption of pharmaceutical antibiotics on template-synthesized ordered micro- and mesoporous carbons. Environmental Science & Technology, 2010, 44(8): 3116-3122

[19] Wang J N, Zhou Y, Li A M, Xu L. Adsorption of humic acid by bi-functional resin JN-10 and the effect of alkali-earth metal ions on the adsorption. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010, 176(1-3): 1018-1026

[20] DwivediC P, SahuJ N, MohantyC R, MohanB R, MeikapB C. Column performance of granular activated carbon packed bed for Pb(II) removal. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2008, 156(1-3): 596-603

Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge the generous support provided by the Program for Changjiang Scholars, Innovative Research Team in University, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51208249) and Jiangsu Nature Science Fund for Distinguished Scientists (Nos. BK2010006 and BK2011032), China.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

2014 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg