Risk Factors and Pregnancy Outcomes: Complete versus Incomplete Placenta Previa in Mid-pregnancy

Abstract

This prospective study was conducted to compare risk factors and pregnancy outcomes between women with complete placenta previa and those with incomplete placenta previa diagnosed in mid-pregnancy. The study was carried out from April 2014 to December 2015, during which 70 patients with complete previa and 113 with incomplete previa between 20⁺⁰ weeks and 25⁺⁶ weeks of gestation were included. Maternal demographics and pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups. Comparisons between categorical variables were tested by chi-squared test and those between continuous variables by Student t test. Resolution of previa occurred in 87.43% of the studied women. The mean gestational age at resolution was 32.1±4.4 weeks. Incidence of maternal age ≥35 years and incidence of prior uterine operation ≥3 were high in women with complete previa (28.6% vs 8.8%, P=0.003; 28.6% vs. 8.8%, P=0.003). Resolution of previa occurred less often in complete previa group (74.3% vs. 95.6%, P=0.001). Women with complete previa admitted earlier (37.3±2.0 weeks 38.1±1.4 weeks, P=0.011) and delivered earlier (37.7±1.2 weeks vs. 38.3±1.4 weeks, P=0.025). Maternal age ≥35 years and prior uterine operation ≥3 increase the risk of complete previa in mid-pregnancy. Placenta previa is more likely to persist in women with complete previa than those with incomplete previa diagnosed in midpregnancy. What is more, women with complete previa in mid-pregnancy delivers earlier.

Keywords

complete placenta previa / risk factor / uterine operation / pregnancy outcome / resolution

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