Hypothalamic-pituitary (neuroendocrine) diseases are one of the main branches of clinical endocrinology. Thanks to the introduction into practice of radioimmune methods for determining hormones, informative tests of functional diagnostics, and the success of clinical pharmacology, a number of new neuroendocrine syndromes have been identified.

Neurohumoral relationships were studied in patients with primary pathology of the hypothalamus, accompanied by allergic reactions (27 people), and in those suffering from allergic diseases (bronchial asthma, Quincke's edema, drug allergy, etc.) with secondary involvement in the pathological process of the hypothalamus (35 people). Significant dysfunctions of the sympatho-adrenal, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal systems, serotonin-monoamine oxidase, acetylcholine-cholinesterase and heparin systems were revealed. Desensitizing and antiallergic therapy had a significant positive effect in most patients. Along with this, the content (or a tendency towards its normalization) of biologically active substances in the body fluids, reflecting the state of various adaptive systems, was normalized.

The questions of pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnostics of diabetic coma are discussed. Recommendations are given for the examination of patients in a state of diabetic coma, their treatment (insulin therapy, rehydration therapy, the use of potassium preparations, etc.) and the prevention of diabetic coma.

As you know, in diabetes mellitus, microcirculation is disturbed, therefore, its restoration is an important task.

The authors describe vegetative-vascular reactions in patients with diabetes mellitus and obliterating endarteritis (vasoconstriction type), arising in response to the injection of saline. Duration of vasoconstriction in individuals. with diabetic angiopathy and obliterating endarteritis more than in healthy people.

The results of a glucose tolerance test in 1015 patients with gastroenterological diseases (528 women and 487 men) are discussed. Diabetes mellitus was detected in 3.19% of them, in 6.37% the test was doubtful. In patients with chronic cholecystitis, the frequency of detection of diabetes mellitus was the highest: 4.96% in women and 7.78% in men. A decrease in glucose tolerance was noted with increasing age and increasing body weight in various diseases of the digestive system. Among patients with chronic cholecystitis, obesity was observed most often: in 90.9% of women and 84.8% of men, in particular obesity of II-III degree. - in 67.2% of women and 38.2% of men.

During a test for glucose tolerance in 40 patients with acute hepatitis, the dynamics of glycemia and the content of immunoreactive insulin in the blood was studied, and in 22 of them, along with this, the concentration of growth hormone in the blood serum. Disorders of glucose tolerance were revealed in 20 patients with acute viral hepatitis. The amount of glucose and immunoreactive insulin in the blood after taking glucose in these patients was significantly higher than in healthy people. The content of growth hormone in blood serum on an empty stomach and after glucose intake is also increased. In patients with acute viral hepatitis, the level of glycemia was slightly higher, and the level of immunoreactive insulin was slightly lower than in patients with chronic hepatitis. The concentration of growth hormone in the blood of patients in these 2 groups did not differ significantly. The disorders registered in the acute period of viral hepatitis were completely eliminated 1.5 years after recovery. This allows us to conclude that the revealed changes are based on liver disease.

The data of clinical observations of 36 patients with autoimmune thyroiditis are summarized. The most informative diagnostic tests are discussed, clinical variants of the course of autoimmune thyroiditis and its combinations with other diseases are described. Particular attention is paid to the indications for the use of glucocorticoids and the advantages of the overday method of their administration.

A scheme for preoperative preparation of patients with thyrotoxicosis has been developed and tested, which provides for a strictly individual approach to correct the function of the adrenal glands and takes into account the state of the blood coagulation system.

The relationship between the degree of arterial hypertension and obesity and the level of cortisolemia in patients with Itsenko-Cushing's disease was studied. It is shown that the severity of arterial hypertension in Itsenko-Cushing's disease is in direct proportion to the degree of obesity. Using factor analysis, it was possible to establish the leading role of hypercortisolemia in the development of hypertension, while obesity is assigned the role of a factor contributing to the progression of the latter.

Information about the etiology and pathogenesis of the syndrome of galactorrhea and amenorrhea is presented. The possibilities of diagnosing this pathology are considered. Clinical observations of patients with the syndrome of galactorrhea and amenorrhea of various etiologies are presented.

The mammary glands were examined in 200 practically healthy women and in 110 patients with genital endometriosis in the course of hormone therapy. The data obtained indicate the need for a thorough examination of the mammary glands in patients with genital endometriosis before and after treatment with Infecundin. In the presence of changes in the mammary glands in the form of focal or diffuse compaction, a more complete examination should be undertaken (using mammography, oncocytological and histological analyzes) and treatment with infectious disease should be carried out with caution.

Long-term results of surgical treatment of 130 patients with Stein-Leventhal syndrome, divided into 2 groups depending on the severity of clinical manifestations, were studied. In group 1, the rhythm of menstruation returned to normal in 100% of patients, cycles became ovulatory in 89%, fertility recovered in 77.05%, in group 2. - respectively for 53.4%, 43.4% and 35.8%. The scheme of specific preparation of patients for surgery, depending on the clinical picture, has been developed.

Echolocation of the placenta in 1198 women was performed by the method of one-dimensional ultrasound examination. The predominant location of the placenta was the body of the uterus - the back or its lateral walls. With the localization of the placenta in the bottom of the uterus, weakness of labor and an increase in the duration of the labor act are more often observed, the percentage of unfavorable outcomes for the fetus increases. By determining the localization of the placenta during pregnancy and childbirth, it is possible to obtain data to identify a group of women with an increased risk of developing weakness of labor, intrauterine asphyxia of the fetus, as well as to anticipate possible complications in the subsequent period.

Comparative data on extraperitoneal (67) and intraperitoneal (78) caesarean section operations are presented. The anhydrous interval with extraperitoneal cesarean section lasted 541.5 + 97.0 min, with intraperitoneal - 293.3 + 41.8 min (P <0.05). The duration of the operation was 48.7 + 2.4 min and 63.6 + 2.8 min, respectively (P <0.05). Postoperative complications in the 1st group occurred in 14.9%, in the 2nd - in 28.2%. Due to its technical complexity, extraperitoneal caesarean section is the operation of choice.

The data of observations of 58 pregnant women with severe forms of late toxicosis, the complex of intensive treatment of which included the administration of infusion media, are summarized. A higher efficiency of infusion media containing heparin was stated. The proposed complex of therapeutic measures leads to a relatively rapid normalization of the impaired functions, but does not eliminate the underlying disease that occurred before pregnancy.

The functional state of the kidneys was studied by the method of radioisotope renography in 81 women who had undergone severe late toxicosis of pregnant women in pure form. The data obtained indicate the advisability of active prophylactic medical examination of this contingent of women within 2 years after delivery. The authors consider it possible to use the method of radioisotope renography in order to control the stages of renal function rehabilitation.

By the method of quantitative analysis of the heart rate of the mother and the fetus, the dynamics of the heart reaction in response to anesthesia with viadril was studied in 46 women in labor. It was stated that anesthesia with viadril during childbirth reduces the tension of compensatory mechanisms in women in labor and the fetus, and the degree of this decrease is more pronounced in uncomplicated pregnancy.

The results of examination and treatment with lipamide and polisponin of 71 patients with atherosclerosis of stages I and III are presented. It is stated that atherosclerosis changes the rheological properties of blood and plasma, the electric charge of erythrocytes, the ratio of plasma lipids and erythrocytes is disturbed. The positive effect of polisponin on blood viscosity, erythrocyte charge has been established; in parallel, normalization of blood circulation in the microcirculation system occurs.

Despite the fact that more than 150 years have passed since the description of diffuse toxic goiter (disease; Basedow, Perry, Graves), the pathogenesis of this disease is still not clear enough.

In 1939 Sheehan described a special form of hypopituitarism, the causative factor of which is circulatory disorders in the pituitary gland and hypothalamus as a result of blood loss and collapse during childbirth.

We investigated the dependence of metabolic acidosis indicators on the degree of carbohydrate metabolism compensation by comparing the dynamics of the parameters of acid-base balance and redox processes during two weeks in groups of patients in whom a decrease in glycemia was achieved within two weeks.

Among the complications of diabetes mellitus, trophic ulcers of the lower extremities occupy a special place.

According to the official regulation, ketoacidosis in newly diagnosed diabetes is an absolute indication for insulin therapy. However, Haller and Strauzenberg consider it possible to avoid insulin therapy in cases of acidosis, hyperglycemia and glucosuria in the case of newly diagnosed decompensated diabetes.

The purpose of this study was to study some indicators of the blood coagulation system in obese workers at an oil refinery (refinery).

Enlargement of the thyroid gland in girls during puberty is an established fact.

We observed a patient who developed a granulosa cell tumor of the ovary against the background of primary changes in hermonic homeostasis in the presence of Stein-Leventhal syndrome

Gastrointestinal bleeding in pregnant women is rare, poorly understood and pose a great threat to the life of the mother and fetus.

V.M.Sirotkin established a correlation between the incidence of syringomyelia in the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic with the peculiarities of the microelement composition of soils, mainly with the content of boron, molybdenum, cobalt, manganese, and the landscape and geographical characteristics of settlements.

For 16 years, 141 patients with syringomyelia were under our supervision. Apitherapy was used in 67 of them, however, in 9 patients due to allergic reactions, the course of treatment was interrupted at the very beginning.

From 1971 to 1975, under our supervision, there were 195 patients with penetrating corneal injuries, of which 52 children (26.7%). The primary surgical debridement of the corneal wound was performed in 124 patients; the rest did not need surgical treatment.

At the enterprises of the chemical and petrochemical industry, as a result of the technological process, a large amount of wastewater is generated, containing a variety of chemicals.

The specifics of the operators' work creates conditions for overstraining the musculoskeletal system of the arms and disorders of the neuromuscular regulation. An in-depth clinical examination of the operators revealed the following forms of occupational pathology: neuromyalgia, myalgia, myofascitis and vegetative myofascitis of the upper extremities. One of the proofs of the professional conditionality of changes in the locomotor apparatus were the signs of impaired neuromuscular regulation in the process of computational work in practically healthy operators discovered during an experimental study using the electromyography method. Recommendations were developed for improving working conditions, for rational organization of workplaces, for work and rest, for the prevention and treatment of diseases of the neuromuscular apparatus of the hands.

Examination of 140 workers of the main professions of ethylenediamine production in a number of individuals revealed functional disorders of the nervous system in the form of vegetative-vascular dysfunction, neurasthenic, asthenic and asthenic-vegetative syndromes. Changes in the respiratory organs (dry rhinitis, chronic bronchitis with an asthmoid component) were often found. A tendency to develop allergic, contact dermatitis was noted. Hematological, biochemical changes indicated the tension of the nonspecific reactivity of the organism. With an increase in the length of service, the percentage of people who were found to have violations increased.

The analysis of morbidity with temporary disability in workers of finishing shops of two tanneries for 6 years was carried out. Among the various studied indicators, the most informative for identifying some forms of diseases characteristic of a given production was the indicator of sick persons.

Issues related to neurocirculatory dystonia are still poorly understood and largely controversial. Recently, there is more and more evidence of the possibility of the transition of neurocirculatory dystonia to arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis.

The book under review is a textbook on perinatal medicine intended for university teachers, practitioners and subordinators.