In No. 12 of "Klin. Med." for 1926, there are three articles devoted to treatment of arteriosclerosis with hypersaline.

In order to cause arteriosclerosis in animals (rabbits), the authors fed them food with high nitrogen content, namely, one group of animals received animal proteins (liver), another was fed with oats, rabbits of the third group received soy.

The authors challenge the widespread opinion that constipation, because of the autointoxication it causes, is one of the causes of high blood pressure.

The author concludes that pellagra, a disease observed at the diet of maize and usually attributed to the number of avitaminosis, is a chronic disease of the chromaffin system with periodic fluctuations, with the endocrine glandular system and the autonomic nervous system involved in the first place.

The author reported the results of treatment of malaria with a synthetically produced derivative of quinoline, plasmoquine. The latter was given orally in doses of 0.02-0.05 in 0.1-0.15 p. die. The treatment was given daily for the first 5-7 days, then several times at intervals of 4-5 days for 3 days in a row, for a total of 4-6 weeks.

The author tried to obtain these cultures according to Bass' and Johns' method, namely, after the seizure he took 10 cc of blood from v. mediana with a syringe, quickly transferred it to a graduated test tube with 0.1 50% dextrose at the bottom, and defibrinated by stirring with a glass rod. After defibrination, the stick and clot were removed, the test tube was sealed with a new sterile cotton plug, and placed in a thermostat at 40°-41° C. For further study, the author used red blood cells from the upper layer of sediment under the serum column - these red blood cells were carefully collected in a Pastenr tube and smears were made on slides.

After examining bacteriological 21 cases of indisputable endocarditis lenta, FI Geilig isolated streptococci in 11 cases, in 9 cases — str. viridans and in 2 — str. haemolyticus.

Based on the material of 18 cases, the author believes that each case of skull base polyp should be surgically strictly individualized. Where it is possible to remove the polyp through natural routes, through the nose and mouth, the latter should be used in the first place.

The author finds that surgical treatment of fresh fractures, or osteosynthesis, is gradually gaining more and more use in surgery. Such treatment is indicated a) for interposition of soft parts, b) for fractures in the joint area, c) for tears of bone areas to which functionally important muscles or ligaments are attached with simultaneous damage of vessels and nerves, d) in cases where other treatment methods, after 10-14 days of their application, proved unsuccessful and proper repositioning of fragments was not achieved.

As is known, Makai proposed to treat cold and hot abscesses by injecting patients' own pus subcutaneously in an amount of 0.25-5 cc in hot abscesses and 10-20 cc in cold ones; injections are repeated every 5th-7th day until the abscess contents become serous-bloody or bouillon-like.

The author believes that the infusion of gummy-arabic solution and the drip method of intravenous infusions of physiological saline solution are approximately equivalent and superior to a simple single infusion of physiological solution.

To refute the opinion among physicians that quinine therapy of malaria in pregnancy threatens the preservation of the latter, Canton Eliseo showed by experiments on pregnant rabbits that the administration of 2-4 centigrams of chinini muriatici pro kilo does not cause abortion.

Taking into account the widespread propaganda of esophagoscopy, the author again raises the question before the medical community, whether the esophagus should be probed at all, and especially where there are esophagoscopes and esophagoscopists. Probing is a very dangerous method of intervention when a foreign body gets into the esophagus, which often results in the insertion of the body into the wall of the esophagus, its perforation with subsequent mediastinitis, pneumonia, breakthrough into the trachea, aorta, etc.

Prof. В. V. Braytsev tested the following method of gastroptosis treatment in 8 cases.

The authors observing 281 patients found acetonuria characteristic of acidosis in 43% of cases, irrespective of whether the operation was performed under general anesthesia or local anesthesia; hyperglycemia (blood sugar over 0.17%) occurred in parallel.

On the basis of his experience, the author recommends using Sonderman's trepanation of the cornea in case of ulcus corneae serpens and other progressive corneal abscesses. This method of treatment has the advantage over splitting according to Saemisch'y in that it avoids iris prolapse. As for the trepanation technique, the author adhered to Sonderman's method.

The author performed 15 cases of treatment of trachoma with intravenous infusions of 4% ammomi cupro-sulfurici solution. After 1-2 injections the patients usually felt a great relief of all subictive disorders; and after 3-4 injections they disappeared completely.

Glaucoma usually depends on venous hyperemia, and if the latter is converted into arterial hyperemia, glaucoma can be improved and in acute cases cured.

In rhinological interventions, there are sometimes cases of blindness, usually explained by damage to the optic nerve due to trauma to the canalis optici.

The University Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf holds the view that the ability of Döderlein's bacillus and E. coli to produce lactic acid is of secondary importance, and that the presence of a certain acidity is a necessary precondition for the growth of b. vaginalis.

The author studied postpartum secretions in three groups of women who were examined in different ways during labor. The first group included women who did not undergo internal examination sub partu, the second group included women in whom the finger was not inserted beyond the external os, and the third group included women in whom the finger was inserted into the uterus during internal examination.

Considering that all modern methods of labor anesthesia, with the exception of hypnosis, generally adversely affect the act of childbirth, the author develops a method of labor management under local anesthesia. Due to the short duration of local anesthesia, it is necessary to deliver as soon as possible, so the author's method is combined, consisting in the simultaneous use of local anesthesia and uterine contraction enhancers.

For those cases of operable uterine cancer in which total extirpation poses a serious danger to the patient due to the presence of various general complications, such as cardiac weakness, etc. Drissen proposes a "chemical extirpation" of the uterus based on the cauterizing effect of zinc chloride.

The authors undertook a series of studies to ascertain the nature of the action of pyramidone on the isolated uterus and tubes of guinea pigs. The authors found that the agent at a concentration of 1:25,000 caused a considerable decrease in the tone of the uterine muscles; when the concentration was increased to 1:10,000, the rhythmic contractions of this organ also disappeared completely.

The author notes that the body's protective reaction to cancerous tumor development is expressed in the formation of a small cellular infiltration on the border between the healthy tissue and the tumor, with neutrophilic leukocytes receding into the background and small lymphocytes and plasma cells forming the main mass, among which there are always base and eosinophilic leukocytes in small numbers.

In his dissertation Vogel, based on 5,300 deliveries at the Göttingen Clinic, reported the following conclusions: premature rupture of the bladder after the first contraction occurred in 10% of all cases; since 1913 to 1922, the frequency of this anomaly had increased from 6.1% to 15.8%; in occipital presentation the rate was 8.9%, in anterocranial-26.4%, in facial-22.9%, in breech and transversal-16%.

The author has successfully used it in 37 patients and came to the following conclusions: 1) the filtrate should be applied in the first days of the disease; 2) local application of it results in increased immigration of leucocytes to wound surfaces, which is a defense of the body against infection; 3) after one or two applications of filtrate, wound surfaces are cleared; 4) application of filtrate at the beginning of the disease prevents the process from spreading.

The author sees the cause of childhood cholera in the action on various organ systems of pathological products of fermentation developing in the intestine infected with E. coli (quite possibly a peculiar strain) and easily absorbed through the affected mucosa.

The author suggests treating this disease according to Prof. Moprad's method of water diets. The child is given only water sweetened with saccharin, and the stomach and intestines are cleansed simultaneously with disinfectants and laxatives, and physiological solution is injected subcutaneously.

Having studied the material relating to bronchiectasias in 40 children aged from 1 to 13 years, the author came to a number of conclusions. 

On the basis of pathological and anatomical material covering 23,015 autopsies performed from 1906 to 1925, Langer finds that the incidence of syphilitic aortitis almost tripled during that time.

Each course of treatment lasts 12 weeks and consists of 4 periods, each of 3 weeks, during which the patient receives 3 intramuscular injections of calomel and 3 intravenous injections of neosalvarsan.

Antisyphilitic treatment of pregnant women, Claften advises to begin as early and as vigorously as possible, and recommends the combined treatment of mercury and salvarsan, or bismuth and salvarsan. The treatment with neosalvarsan starts with a dose of 0.15, which is then increased to 0.3, and administer this amount twice a week until the total dose administered reaches 4.2-5 grams.

The author described 2 cases of inner ear lesions with syphilitic etiology, significant hearing loss, absence of rotator, spontaneous and caloric nystagmus, and presence of fistula. Therapy in both cases was inconclusive.

Signs of congenital syphilis during childbirth were studied by Commandeur and Rhenter and they concluded that they could be found only in a relatively small number of syphilitic children.

The author concludes that choanal polyp is an inflammatory hypertrophy of the sinus mucosa, being a symptom of serous, less often purulent inflammation. Removal of the polyp alone always gives a relapse, a radical operation with removal of the mucous membrane of the affected sinus is necessary.

The author tries to cover the issue of wound diphtheria from the otosurgical point of view, finding it very important in practical terms to keep in mind, firstly, that the wound at trepanation of the mastoid process through the middle ear and the eustachian tube is in direct communication with the upper respiratory tract and pharynx, and secondly, that along with mucous membranes diphtheria often affects the middle ear as well as the retroauricular wounds.

According to Prof. Komendantov, diseases of the sound-conducting apparatus obstruct continuous access of sounds to the ear, thus giving the sound-receiving apparatus a "rest". In these cases, when a sounding tuning fork is placed to the vertex, the more tired healthy ear hears this tuning fork worse, i. e. a laterization of sound into the diseased ear occurs. I. M. Krukover performed a number of experiments that confirmed the correctness of this theory.

The author cites two cases of otogenic sepsis cured by intravenous infusion of ½%-1% calcium chloride in doses of 200.0.

The author performs rhinoplasty in the following way: first, he implants a piece of cartilage of thickness of the index finger, taken from the VII rib, under the periosteum of the forehead, and the cartilage must be covered with perichondrium; after two months, when the cartilage has taken root, the real plasty, which consists of several stages, with 5-6 days between each pair of the latter.

Prof. Komendantov, observing favorable results after vaccine therapy of rhinoscleroma patients, finds this method of treatment most realistic.

We have before us a large, well-published volume containing reports, micro-reports, and debates on programmatic and other questions submitted by the Editorial Committee to the agenda of the Ninth All-Union Therapeutic Congress. One must rejoice that every year the publication of the Proceedings improves noticeably in all respects: the paper, printing, diagrams and drawings leave nothing to be desired, and one can see the experienced and loving hand of the publisher-editor everywhere.

Before us is the 6th book of the Leningrad "Journal of Obstetrics and Women's Diseases" for 1926, a book that was published only in December of last year. After reading it I did a little arithmetical excursion and obtained the following figures.

The book (159 pages), published under the banner of "Blood Transfusion Institute", according to the preface of the author, is an introduction to a series of works on the issue of blood transfusion and outlined by the Institute. The author takes a very broad view of blood transfusion, putting it in connection with the issue of methods of fighting the general decline of the body in general.

Dr. N.I. Vylegzhanin made a report On a question about deposition of iron-containing pigments in spleen (with demonstration of microscopic preparations). The spleen, strongly enlarged and thickened due to stasis in the portal vein system, with simultaneous syphilitic liver cirrhosis, contained multiple masses of oblong or circular shape ranging in size from a lentil to a pea.

Prof. T. I. Yudin delivered a speech entitled "In Memory of Kerelin," in which he characterized K. as a genius of psychiatry, who created the basic psychiatric units, constituted an epoch in psychiatry, and had a tremendous influence on all psychiatrists of the world.

Session 26/I.
Dr. I. A. Treskin: To the teaching of vitamins. The report was devoted to a statement of the present state of the question of vitamins and vitaminosis.
Session 4/II.
Dr. Libinson: On foreign bodies in the esophagus according to materials of the Yaroslavl I Soviet Hospital.

From January 13 to 18, 1927, the VII Regional Congress of TR Doctors took place in Kazan. There were 119 delegates at the Congress, including 25 from the cantons. The work of S'ezd was extremely businesslike and attracted not only the delegates of S'ezd, but also a great number of guests, the number of which reached 200 on the opening day of S'ezd; during the other days of S'ezd attendance was also unprecedented for Kazan, from which we can draw one conclusion - the medical mass has grown, lately it has stepped forward, which is proved by its professional activists: 69,5% of 119 delegates are engaged in professional work.

4 / II at a public meeting of the Medical Faculty of Kazan University, Dr. A. Teregulov defended his work "On the role of the medulla oblongata in the regulation of respiration." The official opponents were proff. Ya.A. Mislavsky, M. H. Cheboksarov and T. I. Yudin. After the defense, the work of Dr. T. was recognized as a work of high scientific qualifications.