Application research of multi-source heterogeneous monitoring technology in landslide deformation monitoring

Abstract

Landslides, as a common geological hazard, pose significant threats to human life, property safety, and operational stability of engineering facilities. Multi-source heterogeneous monitoring technology, which integrates monitoring method of diverse principles and data formats—including multi-temporal optical satellite remote sensing images, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar(InSAR), unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) aerial survey data, and the Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)—is recognized as a novel approach for landslide deformation monitoring. This study was conducted on the Hongxiang landslide along the right bank of the Dadu River in Hanyuan County, Sichuan Province, to systematically evaluate the application efficacy of multi-source heterogeneous monitoring technology. The result are summarized as follows:(1) Deformation zones and tensile cracks were clearly identified through the synergistic use of multi-temporal optical satellite imagery and UAV aerial data. The most intensive deformation area was localized in the middle-front section of the landslide, where maximum settlement cracks were measured at 10 m in length and approximately 5 cm in width.(2) Quantitative deformation values were derived from InSAR monitoring, revealing a maximum displacement of 143.2 mm at the frontal margin, 55.5 mm deformation at the rear edge, and intermediate deformation ranging between 65-120 mm in the central section.(3) Ground-based GNSS measurements were implemented to record displacement values at four monitoring points: 127.99 mm, 115.18 mm, 133.55 mm, and 72.47 mm. These field-measured values are proposed as critical quantifiable indicators for landslide early warning systems. The findings demonstrate that multi-source heterogeneous monitoring technology can be effectively utilized to enhance the accuracy and reliability of landslide deformation monitoring. This integrated approach is validated to provide scientifically robust and comprehensive data support for landslide hazard early warning and mitigation decision-making, highlighting its significant application potential.

Keywords

landslide / multi source heterogeneous monitoring / optical image monitoring / InSAR deformation monitoring / GNSS displacement monitoring