Numerical simulation and optimization of seepage control schemes for high arch dams

Abstract

Selecting appropriate seepage control schemes is a critical aspect of high arch dam design, influencing the long-term safety and economic feasibility of dam operation. To optimize various seepage control measures and schemes for high arch dams, a 240-meter-high concrete arch dam was used as a case study. A three-dimensional seepage simulation finite element model was established to simulate the three-dimensional seepage field of the high arch dam. Seepage simulations under different seepage control schemes were conducted for typical cross-sections, and the seepage pressure variation patterns of these sections were analyzed to reflect the sensitivity of different seepage control schemes to the dam's seepage field. The result indicate that: Installing drainage holes can effectively reduce uplift pressure. The installation of a curtain also helps to reduce uplift pressure, but the reduction is less significant compared to drainage measures. The drainage settings for the cushion pool and resistance rock mass are crucial, playing a significant role in reducing groundwater seepage pressure in the vicinity of the cushion pool. The installation of drainage hole arrays for the resistance rock mass and cushion pool can achieve good seepage prevention effects. On the basis, an optimized scheme for seepage control has been proposed, which holds significant reference value for similar projects.

Keywords

arch dam / finite element method / seepage control scheme / drainage holes / curtain / optimization