Mechanical parameter evolutions and deterioration constitutive model for ductile-brittle failure of surrounding rock in high-stress underground engineering

Abstract

The deep surrounding rock is usually in the true triaxial stress state, and previous constitutive models based on the understanding of uniaxial and conventional triaxial test results have difficulty characterizing the degradation and fracture process of rock ductile-brittle failure under true triaxial stress state. Therefore, this study conducted a series of true triaxial tests to obtain the understanding of the ductile-brittle behaviour of rock, and then combined the test results and the Mogi-Coulomb strength criterion, and proposed calculation methods for the elastic modulus E, cohesion c and internal friction angle ϕ and the evolution functions of E, c and ϕ of rock under true triaxial stresses. With the decreasing of the minimum principal stress σ₃ or increasing of the intermediate principal stress σ₂, the marble post-peak stress drop rate gradually increases, the ductility gradually weakens, and the brittleness significantly strengthens. The calculation method and evolution function of rock E, c and ϕ under true triaxial stress were proposed. E decreased at first and then tended to remain stable with the increasing of equivalent plastic strain increment dε_p. c and ϕ slowly increased at first and then rapidly decreased. With a method of parameter degradation rate to realize post-peak stress drop rate to reflect the ductile-brittle characteristics, a new three-dimensional ductile-brittle deterioration mechanical model (3DBDM) was established. The proposed model can accurately characterize the influence of σ₂ and σ₃ on mechanical parameters, the ductile-brittle behaviour of rock under true triaxial stresses, and the asymmetric failure characteristics of surrounding rock after excavation of deep underground engineering. The proposed model can be reduced to elastic-perfectly plastic, elastic-brittle, cohesion weakening friction strengthening (CWFS), Mohr-Coulomb, and Drucker-Prager models.

Keywords

True triaxial stress / Post-peak characteristics / 3D deterioration model / Elastic modulus evolution / Cohesion and friction angle evolution

Declaration of competing interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the financial support received from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52109119), the Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute Open Research Program (Grant No. CKWV20221014/KY), the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 2021GXNSFBA075030), the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin (China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research) (Grant No. IWHR-SKL-202202), the Guangxi Science and Technology Project (Grant No. GuikeAD20325002), and the Systematic Project of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Engineering Safety (Grant No. 2020ZDK007). Finally, the authors sincerely thank Professor Xia-Ting Feng and his teams for their help in the experiment.

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