Recent Advances of Metal-Organic Frameworks and Derivatives for Rechargeable Aluminum Batteries

Abstract

In light of cost-effectiveness, high volumetric capacity, and abundant supplies on Earth of aluminum metal, the rechargeable aluminum battery (RAB) represents a cutting-edge alternative for energy storage devices. RABs have achieved significant progress as a result of tireless efforts; however, challenges like as expensive ionic liquid electrolytes, a restricted voltage window of aqueous electrolytes, corroded anode, and rapid capacity degradation limit their practical applications. In terms of increasing RAB mileage, electrode materials can be regarded as the foundation of battery performance. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which have customizable topologies, multiple active sites, and various metal centers and ligands, are promising electrode materials. Herein, for the first time, we deliver in detail the recent advancement of MOFs in RABs. The relationship on structure-properties-performance of MOFs is thoroughly discussed. MOF and MOF-derived electrode materials are first summarized. In aluminum sulfur/selenium batteries, MOF can serve as a host to capture the sulfides or selenides. Furthermore, the MOF as catalysts for aluminum-air batteries are provided. Then we focused on the challenges and opportunities that RABs would face in the future, and some prospects are presented. We believe this account will facilitate the exploration of MOFs in RABs and give more inspiration for discovering advanced RABs.

Keywords

aluminum batteries / metal-organic frameworks / performance / structures

References

[1] M. Armand and J. M. Tarascon, “Building Better Batteries,” Nature 451, no. 7179 (2008): 652–657.

[2] Y. K. Sun, S. T. Myung, B. C. Park, et al., “High-Energy Cathode Material for Long-life and Safe Lithium Batteries,” Nature Materials 8, no. 4 (2009): 320–324.

[3] B. Scrosati, J. Hassoun, and Y.-K. Sun, “Lithium-Ion Batteries. A Look Into the Future,” Energy & Environmental Science 4, no. 9 (2011): 3287–3295.

[4] A. Manthiram, “Materials Challenges and Opportunities of Lithium Ion Batteries,” Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 2, no. 3 (2011): 176–184.

[5] J. B. Goodenough and Y. Kim, “Challenges for Rechargeable Li Batteries,” Chemistry of Materials 22, no. 3 (2009): 587–603.

[6] B. L. Ellis, K. T. Lee, and L. F. Nazar, “Positive Electrode Materials for Li-ion and Li-batteries,” Chemistry of Materials 22, no. 3 (2010): 691–714.

[7] J. W. Fergus, “Recent Developments in Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries,” Journal of Power Sources 195, no. 4 (2010): 939–954.

[8] M. S. Whittingham, “Lithium Batteries and Cathode Materials,” Chemistry of Materials 104, no. 10 (2004): 4271–4301.

[9] D. Bruce, K. Haresh, and J. M. Tarascon, “Electrical Energy Storage for the Grid: A Battery of Choices,” Science 334 (2011): 928–935.

[10] Z. Yang, J. Zhang, M. C Kintner-Meyer, et al., “Electrochemical Energy Storage for Green Grid,” Chemical Reviews 111, no. 5 (2011): 3577–3613.

[11] G. A. Elia, K. Marquardt, K. Hoeppner, et al., “An Overview and Future Perspectives of Aluminum Batteries,” Advanced Materials 28, no. 35 (2016): 7564–7579.

[12] H. Yang, H. Li, J. Li, et al., “The Rechargeable Aluminum Battery: Opportunities and Challenges,” Angewandte Chemie International Edition 58, no. 35 (2019): 11978–11996.

[13] X. Zhang, Y. Tang, F. Zhang, and C. S. Lee, “A Novel Aluminum-graphite Dual-ion Battery,” Advanced Energy Materials 6, no. 11 (2016): 1502588.

[14] M. C. Lin, M. Gong, B. Lu, et al., “An Ultrafast Rechargeable Aluminium-ion Battery,” Nature 520, no. 7547 (2015): 325–328.

[15] A. Vahid Mohammadi, A. Hadjikhani, S. Shahbazmohamadi, and M. Beidaghi, “Two-Dimensional Vanadium Carbide (MXene) as a High-Capacity Cathode Material for Rechargeable Aluminum Batteries,” ACS Nano 11, no. 11 (2017): 11135–11144.

[16] C. Li, C. C. Hou, L. Chen, S. Kaskel, and Q. Xu, “Rechargeable Al-ion Batteries,” EnergyChem 3, no. 2 (2021): 100049.

[17] V. Shrivastav, S. Sundriyal, P. Goel, et al., “Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and Their Composites as Electrodes for Lithium Battery Applications: Novel Means for Alternative Energy Storage,” Coordination Chemistry Reviews 393 (2019): 48–78.

[18] M. Angell, C. J. Pan, Y. Rong, et al., “High Coulombic Efficiency Aluminum-Ion Battery Using an AlCl₃-urea Ionic Liquid Analog Electrolyte,” Proceedings National Academy of Science USA 114, no. 5 (2017): 834–839.

[19] J. V. Rani, V. Kanakaiah, T. Dadmal, M. S. Rao, and S. Bhavanarushi, “Fluorinated Natural Graphite Cathode for Rechargeable Ionic Liquid Based Aluminum-ion Battery,” Journal of the Electrochemical Society 160, no. 10 (2013): A1781–A1784.

[20] M. Jiang, C. Fu, P. Meng, et al., “Challenges and Strategies of Low-cost Aluminum Anodes for High-Performance Al-based Batteries,” Advanced Materials 34, no. 2 (2022): e2102026.

[21] Y. Zhang, S. Liu, Y. Ji, J. Ma, and H. Yu, “Emerging Nonaqueous Aluminum-ion Batteries: Challenges, Status, and Perspectives,” Advanced Materials 30, no. 38 (2018): e1706310.

[22] H. Chen, F. Guo, Y. Liu, et al., “A Defect-free Principle for Advanced Graphene Cathode of Aluminum-Ion Battery,” Advanced Materials 29, no. 12 (2017): 1605958.

[23] F. Wu, H. Yang, Y. Bai, and C. Wu, “Paving the Path Toward Reliable Cathode Materials for Aluminum-ion Batteries,” Advanced Materials 31, no. 16 (2019): e1806510.

[24] S. Gu, H. Wang, C. Wu, et al., “Confirming Reversible Al³⁺ Storage Mechanism Through Intercalation of Al³⁺ Into V₂O₅ Nanowires in a Rechargeable Aluminum Battery,” Energy Storage Materials 6 (2017): 9–17.

[25] L. Zhang, L. Chen, H. Luo, X. Zhou, and Z. Liu, “Large-Sized Few-Layer Graphene Enables an Ultrafast and Long-life Aluminum-Ion Battery,” Advanced Energy Materials 7, no. 15 (2017): 1700034.

[26] G. A. Elia, K. V. Kravchyk, M. V. Kovalenko, et al., “An Overview and Prospective on Al and Al-Ion Battery Technologies,” Journal of Power Sources 481 (2021): 228870.

[27] W. Xia, A. Mahmood, R. Zou, and Q. Xu, “Metal-Organic Frameworks and Their Derived Nanostructures for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion,” Energy & Environmental Science 8, no. 7 (2015): 1837–1866.

[28] L. Wang, Y. Han, X. Feng, et al., “Metal-Organic Frameworks for Energy Storage: Batteries and Supercapacitors,” Coordination Chemistry Reviews 307 (2016): 361–381.

[29] Y. Zhao, Z. Song, X. Li, et al., “Metal Organic Frameworks for Energy Storage and Conversion,” Energy Storage Materials 2 (2016): 35–62.

[30] S. Bai, X. Liu, K. Zhu, S. Wu, and H. Zhou, “Metal-Organic Framework-based Separator for Lithium-sulfur Batteries,” Nature Energy 1, no. 7 (2016): 16094.

[31] Z. Wang, J. Huang, Z. Guo, et al., “A Metal-Organic Framework Host for Highly Reversible Dendrite-free Zinc Metal Anodes,” Joule 3, no. 5 (2019): 1289–1300.

[32] W. Li, S. Hu, X. Luo, et al., “Confined Amorphous Red Phosphorus in MOF-derived N-Doped Microporous Carbon as a Superior Anode for Sodium-Ion Battery,” Advanced Materials 29, no. 16 (2017): 1605820.

[33] D. Wu, Z. Guo, X. Yin, et al., “Metal-Organic Frameworks as Cathode Materials for Li-O₂ Batteries,” Advanced Materials 26, no. 20 (2014): 3258–3262.

[34] S. Sanati, R. Abazari, J. Albero, et al., “Metal-Organic Framework Derived Bimetallic Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage,” Angewandte Chemie International Edition 60, no. 20 (2021): 11048–11067.

[35] Y. S. Wei, M. Zhang, R. Zou, and Q. Xu, “Metal-Organic Framework-Based Catalysts With Single Metal Sites,” Chemical Reviews 120, no. 21 (2020): 12089–12174.

[36] D. J. Kim, D. J. Yoo, M. T. Otley, et al., “Rechargeable Aluminium Organic Batteries,” Nature Energy 4, no. 1 (2018): 51–59.

[37] D. Y. Wang, R. Liu, W. Guo, G. Li, and Y. Fu, “Recent Advances of Organometallic Complexes for Rechargeable Batteries,” Coordination Chemistry Reviews 429 (2021): 213650.

[38] G. Xu, P. Nie, H. Dou, et al., “Exploring Metal Organic Frameworks for Energy Storage in Batteries and Supercapacitors,” Materials Today 20, no. 4 (2017): 191–209.

[39] Q. Zhang, S. Jiang, T. Lv, Y. Peng, and H. Pang, “Application of Conductive MOF in Zinc-based Batteries,” Advanced Materials 35, no. 48 (2023): e2305532.

[40] T. Zhao, H. Wu, X. Wen, et al., “Recent Advances in MOFs/MOF Derived Nanomaterials Toward High-Efficiency Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries,” Coordination Chemistry Reviews 468 (2022): 214642.

[41] Z. Xie, W. Xu, X. Cui, and Y. Wang, “Recent Progress in Metal-Organic Frameworks and Their Derived Nanostructures for Energy and Environmental Applications,” Chemsuschem 10, no. 8 (2017): 1645–1663.

[42] R. Zhao, Y. Wu, Z. Liang, et al., “Metal-Organic Frameworks for Solid-State Electrolytes,” Energy & Environmental Science 13, no. 8 (2020): 2386–2403.

[43] A. Morozan and F. Jaouen, “Metal Organic Frameworks for Electrochemical Applications,” Energy & Environmental Science 5, no. 11 (2012): 9269–9290.

[44] Z. Liang, C. Qu, W. Guo, R. Zou, and Q. Xu, “Pristine Metal-Organic Frameworks and Their Composites for Energy Storage and Conversion,” Advanced Materials 30, no. 37 (2018): e1702891.

[45] A. E. Baumann, D. A. Burns, B. Liu, and V. S. Thoi, “Metal-Organic Framework Functionalization and Design Strategies for Advanced Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices,” Communications Chemistry 2, no. 1 (2019): 86.

[46] C. Wang, Y. V. Kaneti, Y. Bando, et al., “Metal-Organic Framework-Derived One-dimensional Porous or Hollow Carbon-Based Nanofibers for Energy Storage and Conversion,” Materials Horizons 5, no. 3 (2018): 394–407.

[47] M. Shen and H. Ma, “Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and Their Derivative as Electrode Materials for Lithium-ion Batteries,” Coordination Chemistry Reviews 470 (2022): 214715.

[48] D.-S. Bin, Z.-L. Zheng, A.-M. Cao, and L.-J. Wan, “Template-Free Synthesis of Hollow Carbon-based Nanostructures From MOFs for Rechargeable Battery Applications,” Science China Chemistry 66, no. 1 (2022): 65–77.

[49] R. Razaq, M. M. U. Din, D. R. Småbråten, et al., “Synergistic Effect of Bimetallic MOF Modified Separator for Long Cycle Life Lithium-Sulfur Batteries,” Advanced Energy Materials 14, no. 3 (2023): 2302897.

[50] J. Zhang, Y. Wang, Q. Xia, et al., “Confining Polymer Electrolyte in MOF for Safe and High-performance All-Solid-State Sodium Metal Batteries,” Angewandte Chemie International Edition 63, no. 16 (2024): e202318822.

[51] J. Zhou, X. Yu, J. Zhou, and B. Lu, “Polyimide/Metal-Organic Framework Hybrid for High Performance Al-Organic Battery,” Energy Storage Materials 31 (2020): 58–63.

[52] T. Xiong, B. He, and T. Zhou, “Stretchable Fiber-Shaped Aqueous Aluminum Ion Batteries,” EcoMat 4, no. 5 (2022): e12218.

[53] X. Han, S. Li, W. L. Song, et al., “Stable High-Capacity Organic Aluminum-porphyrin Batteries,” Advanced Energy Materials 11, no. 32 (2021): 2101446.

[54] Y. Guo, W. Wang, H. Lei, M. Wang, and S. Jiao, “Alternate Storage of Opposite Charges in Multisites for High-Energy-Density Al-MOF Batteries,” Advanced Materials 34, no. 13 (2022): e2110109.

[55] D. Pakulski, V. Montes-García, A. Gorczyński, et al., “Two-Dimensional Metal-organic Polymers as Cathode Hybrid Materials for High-Performance Al-Batteries,” Journal of Materials Chemistry A 12, no. 1 (2024): 440–450.

[56] S. Yang, C. Li, H. Lv, et al., “High-Rate Aqueous Aluminum-Ion Batteries Enabled by Confined Iodine Conversion Chemistry,” Small Methods 5, no. 10 (2021): e2100611.

[57] X. Cao, C. Tan, M. Sindoro, and H. Zhang, “Hybrid Micro-/Nano-Structures Derived From Metal-Organic Frameworks: Preparation and Applications in Energy Storage and Conversion,” Chemical Society Reviews 46, no. 10 (2017): 2660–2677.

[58] L. Yang, X. Zeng, W. Wang, and D. Cao, “Recent Progress in MOF-derived, Heteroatom-doped Porou. Carbons as Highly Efficient Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Fuel Cells,” Advanced Functional Materials 28, no. 7 (2017): 1704537.

[59] F. Zou, X. Hu, Z. Li, et al., “MOF-derived Porous ZnO/ZnFe₂O₄/C Octahedra With Hollow Interiors for High-Rate Lithium-Ion Batteries,” Advanced Materials 26, no. 38 (2014): 6622–6628.

[60] Y. Fu, Q. Wei, G. Zhang, et al., “High-Performance Reversible Aqueous Zn-ion Battery Based on Porous MnO_x Nanorods Coated by MOF-derived N-Doped Carbon,” Advanced Energy Materials 8, no. 26 (2018): 1801445.

[61] M. Zhang, Q. Dai, H. Zheng, M. Chen, and L. Dai, “Novel MOF-Derived Co@N-C Bifunctional Catalysts for Highly Efficient Zn-Air Batteries and Water Splitting,” Advanced Materials 30, no. 10 (2018): 1705431.

[62] X. Xiao, M. Wang, J. Tu, Y. Luo, and S. Jiao, “Metal-Organic Framework-Derived Co₃O₄@MWCNTs Polyhedron as Cathode Material for a High-Performance Aluminum-Ion Battery,” ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 7, no. 19 (2019): 16200–16208.

[63] K. Zhang, T. H. Lee, J. H. Cha, et al., “Metal-Organic Framework-Derived Metal Oxide Nanoparticles@Reduced Graphene Oxide Composites as Cathode Materials for Rechargeable Aluminium-Ion Batteries,” Scientific Reports 9, no. 1 (2019): 13739.

[64] C. Li, S. Dong, R. Tang, et al., “Heteroatomic Interface Engineering in MOF-derived Carbon Heterostructures With Built-in Electric-Field Effects for High Performance Al-Ion Batteries,” Energy & Environmental Science 11, no. 11 (2018): 3201–3211.

[65] C. Li, S. Dong, P. Wang, C. Wang, and L. Yin, “Metal-Organic Frameworks-Derived Tunnel Structured Co₃(PO₄)₂@C as Cathode for New Generation High-Performance Al-Ion Batteries,” Advanced Energy Materials 9, no. 41 (2019): 1902352.

[66] R. Zhuang, G. Miao, Z. Huang, et al., “Non-Stoichiometric CoS_1.097 Nanoparticles Prepared From CoAl-layered Double Hydroxide and MOF Template as Cathode Materials for Aluminum-Ion Batteries,” Journal of Energy Chemistry 54 (2021): 639–643.

[67] A. Lv, S. Lu, M. Wang, et al., “Self-supporting and Dual-Active 3D Co-S Nanosheets Constructed by Ligand Replacement Reaction From MOF for Rechargeable Al Battery,” Journal of Energy Chemistry 69 (2022): 35–43.

[68] T. Han, H. Bai, J. Xu, et al., “A Metal Organic Framework-Derived Octahedral Cu_1.95S@CoS₂ for Secondary Batteries Displaying Long Cycle Life and Stable Temperature Tolerance,” Chemical Communications 59, no. 100 (2023): 14815–14818.

[69] H. Bai, J. Xu, J. Liu, T. Han, and J. Niu, “A Nanowire-on-Microrod Polyaniline@FeS₂ Hybrid as the Cathode in High-performance Al-Ion Batteries,” Chemical Communications 59, no. 75 (2023): 11216–11219.

[70] Y. Hu, H. Huang, D. Yu, et al., “All-Climate Aluminum-Ion Batteries Based on Binder-free MOF-derived FeS₂@C/CNT Cathode,” Nanomicro Letters 13, no. 1 (2021): 159.

[71] A. Abouimrane, D. Dambournet, K. W. Chapman, et al., “A New Class of Lithium and Sodium Rechargeable Batteries Based on Selenium and Selenium-Sulfur as a Positive Electrode,” Journal of the American Chemical Society 134, no. 10 (2012): 4505–4508.

[72] C. P. Yang, Y. X. Yin, and Y. G. Guo, “Elemental Selenium for Electrochemical Energy Storage,” Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 6, no. 2 (2015): 256–266.

[73] X. Chen, L. Peng, L. Wang, et al., “Ether-Compatible Sulfurized Polyacrylonitrile Cathode With Excellent Performance Enabled by Fast Kinetics via Selenium Doping,” Nature Communications 10, no. 1 (2019): 1021.

[74] H. Hong, J. Liu, H. Huang, et al., “Ordered Macro-Microporous Metal-Organic Framework Single Crystals and Theisr Derivatives for Rechargeable Aluminum-Ion Batteries,” Journal of the American Chemical Society 141, no. 37 (2019): 14764–14771.

[75] W. Xing, D. Du, T. Cai, et al., “Carbon-Encapsulated CoSe Nanoparticles Derived From Metal-Organic Frameworks as Advanced Cathode Material for Al-ion Battery,” Journal of Power Sources 401 (2018): 6–12.

[76] G. Wu, W. Lv, X. Li, W. Zhang, and Z. Li, “Metal-Organic Framework Structure With Fe-Co-Se (MIL-88A/Fe-Co@Se) as a Cathode for Aluminum Batteries,” ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Journal 13, no. 51 (2021): 61107–61115.

[77] J. Li, L. Kang, K. Luo, et al., “Encapsulating Cu₂Se Into 3D Porous Carbon as High-Voltage Electrode Materials for Aluminum-Ion Batteries,” Ceramics International 49, no. 2 (2023): 2613–2618.

[78] B. Zhang, Y. Zhang, J. Li, et al., “In Situ Growth of Metal-Organic Framework-Derived CoTe₂ Nanoparticles@Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon Polyhedral Composites as Novel Cathodes for Rechargeable Aluminum-Ion Batteries,” Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, no. 11 (2020): 5535–5545.

[79] T. Qin, L. Qin, and J. Li, “Metal-Organic Framework-Derived CuTe@Porous Carbon Composites as Novel Cathodes for Aluminum Ion Batteries,” Ionics 28, no. 6 (2022): 2853–2863.

[80] H. Bai, K. Tao, Z. Yan, et al., “A Pyramidal Metal-Organic Frameworks-derived FeP@CoP Aluminium-Ion Battery Cathode Displaying Low-temperature Tolerance and Fast Electron Transfer Kinetics,” Chemistry: A European Journal 29, no. 41 (2023): e202301127.

[81] L. Wang, G. Zhu, Y. Lin, et al., “MOF-Derived Hierarchical Porous Carbon Octahedrons for Aluminum-Ion Batteries,” Carbon 202 (2023): 305–313.

[82] S. He, D. Zhang, X. Zhang, et al., “Rechargeable Al-Chalcogen Batteries: Status, Challenges, and Perspectives,” Advanced Energy Materials 11, no. 29 (2021): 2100769.

[83] Q. Pang, J. Meng, S. Gupta, et al., “Fast-Charging Aluminium-Chalcogen Batteries Resistant to Dendritic Shorting,” Nature 608, no. 7924 (2022): 704–711.

[84] Q. Zhou, Y. Wu, J. Gautam, et al., “The Current State of Electrolytes and Cathode Materials Development in the Quest for Aluminum-Sulfur Batteries,” Coordination Chemistry Reviews 474 (2023): 214856.

[85] H. Yang, L. Yin, J. Liang, et al., “An Aluminum-Sulfur Battery With a Fast Kinetic Response,” Angewandte Chemie International Edition 57, no. 7 (2018): 1898–1902.

[86] G. Cohn, L. Ma, and L. A. Archer, “A Novel Non-Aqueous Aluminum Sulfur Battery,” Journal of Power Sources 283 (2015): 416–422.

[87] X. Liu, Y. Li, X. Xu, L. Zhou, and L. Mai, “Rechargeable Metal (Li, Na, Mg, Al)-Sulfur Batteries: Materials and Advances,” Journal of Energy Chemistry 61 (2021): 104–134.

[88] A. E. Baumann, X. Han, M. M. Butala, and V. S. Thoi, “Lithium Thiophosphate Functionalized Zirconium MOFs for Li-S Batteries With Enhanced Rate Capabilities,” Journal of the American Chemical Society 141, no. 44 (2019): 17891–17899.

[89] J. He, Y. Chen, and A. Manthiram, “Vertical Co₉S₈ Hollow Nanowall Arrays Grown on a Celgard Separator as a Multifunctional Polysulfide Barrier for High-performance Li-S Batteries,” Energy & Environmental Science 11, no. 9 (2018): 2560–2568.

[90] Y. Guo, H. Jin, Z. Qi, et al., “Carbonized-MOF as a Sulfur Host for Aluminum-Sulfur Batteries With Enhanced Capacity and Cycling Life,” Advanced Functional Materials 29, no. 7 (2019): 1807676.

[91] X. Xiao, J. Tu, Z. Huang, and S. Jiao, “A Cobalt-Based Metal-Organic Framework and Its Derived Material as Sulfur Hosts for Aluminum-Sulfur Batteries With the Chemical Anchoring Effect,” Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 23, no. 17 (2021): 10326–10334.

[92] Z. Huang, W. Wang, W. Song, et al., “Electrocatalysis for Continuous Multi-step Reactions in Quasi-Solid-State Electrolytes Towards High-energy and Long-life Aluminum-Sulfur Batteries,” Angewandte Chemie International Edition 61, no. 24 (2022): e202202696.

[93] Z. Huang, S. Li, Z. Wang, et al., “A Hundreds-Milliampere-Hour-Scale Solid-state Aluminum-Sulfur Pouch Cell,” Advanced Energy Materials 13, no. 43 (2023): 2302464.

[94] Q. Zhou, X. Jiang, X. Zhang, et al., “Polyoxomolybdate-Based Metal-Organic Framework-Derived Cu-Embedded Molybdenum Dioxide Hybrid Nanoparticles as Highly Efficient Electrocatalysts for A-S Batteries,” Chemsuschem 17, no. 19 (2024): e202400424.

[95] J. Sun, Z. Du, Y. Liu, et al., “State-of-the-Art and Future Challenges in High Energy Lithium-Selenium Batteries,” Advanced Materials 33, no. 10 (2021): e2003845.

[96] W. Qiu, X. L. Huang, Y. Wang, et al., “Design Strategies of Performance-Enhanced Se Cathodes for Li-Se Batteries and Beyond,” Journal of Energy Chemistry 76 (2023): 528–546.

[97] J. Tu, Z. Huang, C. Chang, et al., “An Efficient Molten-salt Electro-Deoxidation Strategy Enabling Fast-Kinetics and Long-life Aluminum-Selenium Batteries,” SusMat 4, no. 1 (2024): 126–139.

[98] H. Lei, J. Tu, S. Li, et al., “MOF-Based Quasi-Solid-State Electrolyte for Long-life Al-Se Battery,” Journal of Energy Chemistry 86 (2023): 237–245.

[99] S. Jiang, T. Lv, Y. Peng, and H. Pang, “MOFs Containing Solid-State Electrolytes for Batteries,” Advancement of Science 10, no. 10 (2023): e2206887.

[100] Y. He, Y. Qiao, Z. Chang, and H. Zhou, “The Potential of Electrolyte Filled MOF Membranes as Ionic Sieves in Rechargeable Batteries,” Energy & Environmental Science 12, no. 8 (2019): 2327–2344.

[101] S. S. Park, Y. Tulchinsky, and M. Dinca, “Single-Ion Li⁺, Na⁺, and Mg²⁺ Solid Electrolytes Supported by a Mesoporous Anionic Cu-Azolate Metal-Organic Framework,” Journal of the American Chemical Society 139, no. 38 (2017): 13260–13263.

[102] Z. Huang, W. L. Song, Y. Liu, et al., “Stable Quasi-Solid-State Aluminum Batteries,” Advanced Materials 34, no. 8 (2022): e2104557.

[103] X. Liu, H. Jiao, M. Wang, et al., “Current Progresses and Future Prospects on Aluminium-Air Batteries,” International Materials Reviews 67, no. 7 (2021): 734–764.

[104] Y. Zhang, C. Lv, Y. Zhu, et al., “Challenges and Strategies of Aluminum Anodes for High-performance Aluminum-Air Batteries,” Small Methods (2023): e2300911.

[105] B. Zhu, D. Xia, and R. Zou, “Metal-Organic Frameworks and Their Derivatives as Bifunctional Electrocatalysts,” Coordination Chemistry Reviews 376 (2018): 430–448.

[106] H. T. B Pham, J. Y. Choi, M. Stodolka, and J. Park, “Maximizing the Potential of Electrically Conductive MOFs,” Accounts of Chemical Research 57 (2024): 580–589.

[107] Y. Liu, Q. Sun, W. Li, et al., “A Comprehensive Review on Recent Progress in Aluminum-Air Batteries,” Green Energy Environ 2, no. 3 (2017): 246–277.

[108] Y. Liu, H. Jiang, J. Hao, et al., “Metal-Organic Framework-Derived Reduced Graphene Oxide-Supported ZnO/ZnCo₂O₄/C Hollow Nanocages as Cathode Catalysts for Aluminum-O₂ Batteries,” ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 9, no. 37 (2017): 31841–31852.

[109] J. Li, N. Zhou, J. Song, et al., “Cu-MOF-Derived Cu/Cu₂O Nanoparticles and CuN_xC_y Species to Boost Oxygen Reduction Activity of Ketjenblack Carbon in Al-Air Battery,” ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 6, no. 1 (2017): 413–421.

[110] J. Wang, H. Lu, Q. Hong, et al., “Porous N, S-Codoped Carbo. Architectures With Bimetallic Sulphide Nanoparticles Encapsulated in Graphitic Layers: Highly Active and Robust Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Al-Air Batteries,” Chemical Engineering Journal 330 (2017): 1342–1350.

[111] S. Kuppusamy, A. Veedu, A. Mohan, et al., “Punica Grantum Peel Extract Decorated Al-MOF Scaffold as Solid-State Sensor/Concentrator for the Sensing/Reduction of Cr(VI) and Its Extended Utility as a Corrosion Inhibitor in Al-Air Batteries,” Chemical Engineering Journal 496 (2024): 154070.

[112] L. Huang, W. Zang, Y. Ma, et al., “In-Situ Formation of Isolated Iron Sites Coordinated on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Coated Carbon Cloth as Self-supporting Electrode for Flexible Aluminum-Air Battery,” Chemical Engineering Journal 421 (2021): 129973.

[113] L. Cui, M. Chen, G. Huo, X.-Z. Fu, and J.-L. Luo, “FeCo Nanoparticles Wrapped in N-Doped Carbon Derived From Prussian Blue Analogue and Dicyandiamide as Efficient Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts for Al-Air Batteries,” Chemical Engineering Journal 395 (2020): 125158.

[114] R. Mori, “Electrochemical Properties of a Rechargeable Aluminum-Air Battery With a Metal-Organic Framework as Air Cathode Material,” RSC Advances 7, no. 11 (2017): 6389–6395.

[115] S. Zhang, Y. Wang, Y. Li, M. Wei, and K. Wang, “A Polyurethane Organic Framework for Flexible Al-Air Batteries,” ACS Appl Energy Mater 5, no. 12 (2022): 15909–15917.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

2024 The Author(s). SusMat published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. on behalf of Sichuan University.