By summing up the financing strategies and practices in the ten year´s construction of the Three Gorges Project, the paper analyzes thoroughly the features and characteristics of financing and capital operations in large hydropower projects. Meanwhile proposals have also been presented for the optimization of financing structure, lowering financing costs and setting up a carrier for sustainable financing and capital operations in large hydropower project construction.
Based on the cyclotron theory and virtual prototyping technique, a compact cyclotron virtual prototyping system (CCVPS) is formulated, which implements the innovative design of the cyclotron and avoids risks mostly. The framework of CCVPS takes into account the needs of manufacture, assembly/disassembly, operation, and maintenance in a virtual environment during the design phase. In order to guarantee the reliability of CCVPS, Augmented Reality (AR) technique is used to integrate the virtual environment and experimental subsystem. The overall lifecycle models of the compact cyclotron via CAD system are described in this paper, including cyclotron virtual design, modelling, virtual assemble/disassemble, virtual manufacture, virtual commissioning, virtual operation, virtual maintenance, and other relevant domains. Visualization aspects of 3-dimension models with physical information provide a new orientation on R & D of compact cyclotron from the overall lifecycle models.
It is a basic strategy project for developing west China to introduce sea water from Bohai Sea to west China, comparing to the project on introducing fresh-water from Yangtze River to north China. Some efficacy for Inner Mongolia area and saltization in areas involred in the project were discussed in the paper. As it may take 20 years to get a common view about the project conducting some relaed scientific research and striving to begin earlier the project were suggested.
This paper gives an introduction about the facilities, production and sea routes connecting container port in Shenzhen, and a brief analysis of experience of port construction. It also discusses the interdependent relationship between ports in Shenzhen and Hong Kong, and describes the future development of container port in Shenzhen.
Electromagnetic waves in SLF (super low frequency) frequency band can be transmitted by powered generator using geophysical theory combined with radio-physical theory. The artificial signals can be measured in a quite large area on earth surface for investigation of the space electromagnetic field and crust conductivity structure. The method is a useful tool to study electromagnetic anomaly caused by earthquake and to probe the subsurface resources. The experiment study in Beijing and Tianjin indicated that power spectrum density of SLF signal is bigger than those of natural electromagnetic signal by several times even in the industry noisy area. The apparent resistivity obtained by SLF method has much smaller error bar than those by natural signal and is less influenced by disturbance. An earthquake (M=4.2) occurred near observation site during SLF measurements and coherency between earthquake phenomena and the anomaly of electromagnetic field and apparent resistivity was appeared. It is postulated that the anomaly of electric and magnetic fields and the variation of apparent resistivity were generated due to interaction between regional stress and local electromagnetic source.
On the basis of analysis of tens of thousands of primary signals corresponding to original positions of sample systematically, the degree of porosity, the degree of homogeneity and inclusions of billets can be quantitatively determined. The degree of porosity and the maximum degree of segregation for different billets were calculated accurately in the present paper. The weight ratio of carbon content at each original position of billet was suggested to express the degree of homogeneity of billets. Correspondingly, two models-the total weight ratio of carbon contents within the permissive content range (C0±R) and the confidence extension ratio of median value (K) at 95 % of confidence limit of weight ratio, were provided for practical billet samples analysis. This analysis technique was characterized by the primary, original and statistical nature of measured information, thus the quantitative statistic distribution analysis of chemical elements and their states in larger scale was realized. The quality differences among the billet samples were explained reasonably by above method. Thus, this technique can be used to judge the quality of billet samples.
The research on the earthquakes and the landslides in the Three Gorges east segment (Wuxia Gorge—Xilingxia Gorge) of the Yangtze River shows that there is a close relation among the active fault zones, the seismic spread bands and the landslide mobile belts, which is embodied in the overlap of spatial distribution, the tally of temporal period as well as the consistency of active intensity. They stand for some major features of the regional crust movement. It must be stressed that there are two pleistoseismic occurring zones through the Three Gorges Reservoir region, known as “ Qianjiang - Enshi - Badong” and “Xiannushan — xiangxi — Xingshan”. Before the engineering treatments of geological hazards, therefore, the trigger action of the potential seismic motion to landslide and hazardous rock body must be fully taken into account.
To apply the orthogonal design to the optimization of the coal-seam injection technical parameters' combination is a better method that realizes the best effect of injection for the coal-seam with steady geological conditions. But with this method, its effect cannot definitely satisfy the injection engineering requirement for the coal-seam with changing geological conditions. For this reason, in view of the coal-seam with unsteady geological factors and the characteristic that the geological factors have both qualitative and quantitative variables, one method that applies the quantity theory and orthogonal design to determine the optimal combination of injection technical parameters is raised and the engineering experimental study has been made. The experiments show that this method can save the quantity of injection experiment engineering and are approaching to the actual engineering requirement.
With the development of economy, the requesting of business intelligence is increasing. In this paper, a new theory, an agent virtual bargaining system in intelligent electronic businesses advanced, based on crisp set, fuzzy set, extension set, vague set, FHW (fuzzy gray matter-element), FEEC (fuzzy extension economic control) , agent theory, MAS (multi-agent system), DSS (decision support system). In the process of setting up MAS, MISS is applied on the basis of vague. By using this theory, the two side of two set´s relationship can be figured out precisely. All set theory is a new set theory, which unites all the set theory. The theory of all set can not only unify and summarize the current theories, but also provide the primary method of establishing new set theory and new logic. It will be used for automatic modeling. The detail of it is also schematically discussed. At last, the authors give a program chart to computerize the MAS virtual bargaining system.
Fire-whirl is a specific fire behavior, and has been taken as one important research area of fire safety. The earlier relative studies are mainly focused on the experimental reproduction of swirled flame and numerical simulation for the flame itself. However the behavior of fire-whirl is much different from the pure swirled flame. It is constructive to conduct performance-based fire protection analysis and design to understand these behaviors scientifically. In this paper, the behavior of building fire-whirl is studied, and an analytical method to describe and express the center shift phenomena of the building fire-whirl is presented. Combined with such method, the large eddy simulation (LES) technology is employed for numerical simulation of the center shift of fire whirl, and the important parameters such as average angular velocity, peak of temperature, location of the high-temperature center are obtained.
The article applies the Markov network theory to build the elevator traffic model. Based on the model elevator configuration parameters of the serving stations are calculated, comparing it with traditional method, the result shows better effect of the method. Meanwhile the result shows the validity and feasibility of the method applied to elevator configuration.
Quench of superconducting electric equipments is an important problem for superconducting electric power systems and will affect its operation. This paper presents the quench detection of SMES in power system operation, and puts forward forecast theory for quench detection.
The thermal decomposition process of zinc hydroxide carbonate was studied by thermal gravimetric analysis (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and derivative differential thermal analysis (DTG). It was shown that water and carbon dioxide were formed at the same time and zinc hydroxide carbonate decomposed into zinc oxide. The mechanism model was deduced and was inferred as random nucleation mechanism (Aurami equation II ). The structure and morphology of nanometer-sized zinc oxide by using thermal decomposition method were investigated by means of XRD and TEM. The study indicated that the well-crystallized and dispersed, narrow-sized, nanometer-sized zinc oxide of about 8-10nm was available by using this method.
The effect of combustion process on the pressure exponent N in gas turbine combustor efficiency similitude study is investigated by numerical simulation. It is suggested that for hydrocarbon fuel, the pressure exponent N may be selected as 1.6〜2.0 when the combustion process is reaction-controlled. When the combustion process is diffusion controlled it may be selected as 1.0〜1.4. The result of this paper would be useful for the modeling test of gas turbine combustor.
The paper advances some basic problems of planning & evaluating for track traffic in the process of putting sustainable development strategy in to practice and stresses the study of planning and evaluating method system for track traffic and environment strategy. Summaries and main creative points presented in the thesis are followed：①The changes of track traffic planning objects caused by the concept of sustainable development are analyzed;② The theory & method of track traffic planning optimal decision making is set up ;③ Environment impact assessment for track traffic planning is advanced; ④ Urban mass transit network planning is studied; ⑤Planning of the alignment optimization of dedicated passenger line and high speed railway line is studied;⑥ An overall evaluation index system for sustainable development of track traffic planning is established; ⑦The track traffic capacity building for sustainable development is studied. Further more, the paper verifies the effect of the method and models with empirical studies. The corresponding application software is realized to provide information service and decision-making support to track traffic planning for putting theory into practice.