There is a close correlation between physics and engineering technology, and the relationship between physics and energy engineering is a typical example. Applied physics could make significant contribution to China's energy development.This article discusses some energy problems, such as nuclear physics and unclear energy (including fission and fusion energy) , photoeffect and photovoltaic electricity, physics and wind/bio - mass energy, physicsal chemistry and clean coal technology, and geophysics and energy resource exploration. The article also discusses three applications of physics in energy saving in fields of illumination, building and transportation. Finally, the article analyses the prospects of energy sustainable development in China.
Shanghai Port has leaped to the third on the list of global large ports from the tenth 5 years ago in terms of the volume of container handled. This is attributed mainly to the build-up of modem container terminals in Waigaoqiao port area. The paper introduces the integrated innovation achievements in such respects as the overall design, engineering, production management, etc. , in building Waigaoqiao modem container terminals in Shanghai Port.
This paper focuses on a series of theoretical and experimental studies of the physical optics, such as the Goos-Hänchen shift, the FTIR phenomena, the negative refraction index, the superluminal experiments of THz rays, and the measurement of photon rest mass. It indicates that the evanescent waves phenomena are becoming more important in physical optics research recently. For example, superluminal propagation is a result of the evanescent waves, i. e. the evanescent fields. The possibility of a finite photon rest mass remains one of the most important issues in physical optics, as it has a bearing on a series of fundamental questions. A discussion on the present situation in this area is given. Finally, the history and advances of optical frequency standard and optical frequency measurements are given in the article.
The absorbed energy property and deformation characteristic of magnesium alloy under high strain rate loading are described. Then the basic science problem connected with materials' ballistic performance closely such as dynamic strength, absorbed energy rate, adiabatic shear deformation localization and dynamic hardness are discussed primarily. The purpose of the paper is that promoting the basic and application research of armor magnesium alloys.
A space-frequency joint blind multi-user adaptive detection algorithm in smart antenna MC-CDMA system is proposed in this paper. It combines the receiving beam-forming in space-domain with combinational detection in frequency-domain and optimizes the detector simultaneously in two dimensions. It can enhance the performance of detection of the system. The bit error probability of the proposed algorithm is also analyzed in this paper. The proposed algorithm is simulated and compared with the two-step algorithm in which the adaptive beam-forming is used first and then the combination in frequency-domain is carried out. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to the latter.
The paper introduces complemental explanation and analysis of existing time-delay identification scheme of nonlinear systems; meanwhile, points out the impropriety of NARMA model correction strategy for time-delay system^. The neural networks predictive control of time-delay system is taken as an example to present the correct NARMA model correction methods. Simulation results verify that the advanced correction methods can obtain good control performance and anti-disturbance capability.
Having undergone accelerative calendar corrosion, a plate with a central hole of LC4CS alloy was subjected to constant amplitude cyclic loads after a tensile overload. From such an experiment, two points could be studied: the interaction between corrosion and overload, and the contribution of this interaction to fatigue life. The analysis of experiment data showed that when overload-ratio was fixed, the logarithm fatigue life of specimen linearly descended with the increase of corrosion degree, and the dispersion increased. For small overload-ratio, the contribution of corrosion and overload to fatigue life approximately canceled out. But for large overload-ratio, overload retardation notably prolonged fatigue life and corrosion before overload seemed to amplify the prolonging.
The gas distributor, as an important part of fluidized bed drier, can directly affect the drying property of drier. For comparing the hydromechanics and heat transfer property of inert particles fluidized bed drier between vertical-hole distributor and titled-hole distributor, the drying processe of detergent suspending liquor was experimented in this paper. The characteristic curves of hydromechanics, volumetric heat transfer coefficient and heat efficiency of drier were carefully determined under the same experimental parameters, such as feed volume, gas temperature of entrance, gas rate of entrance, and diameter of inert particles. The experimental results show that the structure of opening hole in gas distributor has a dual effect on fluidized drying. Compared with vertical-hole distributor, titled-hole distributor will increase the flow resistance of gas, but it will promote the heat transfer of drier. Based on the results, some advice was proposed in the conclusion of this paper to improve the performance of inert particles fluidized bed drier.
The analysis of accidents indicates that fatigue is the main failure mode in ship structures. Generally, the simplified methods are employed in the engineering because the variable structure details and the different load conditions make this problem very complicated. The general principles of the fatigue life assessment of ship structures are reviewed. A program for calculating fatigue loads, stresses and cumulative damages as well as fatigue life are compiled. As an example, the fatigue life of an oil tanks * structure is analyzed, and the program is proved effective and reasonable.
Aimed at the fault of the traditional hypothesis that the lifetimes of the individuals obey the independent identically distribution, this paper constructs the Bayesian Weibull shared frailty model. As for the products whose lifetime distribution belongs to Weibull distribution, this paper brings forward the MCMC method based on Gibbs sampling to simulate dynamically the Markov chain of the parameters' posterior distribution. It also gives out the parameters´ Bayesian estimation of the Weibull shared frailty model in the condition of the random truncated test and the prior distribution of the frailty belonging to the Gamma distribution. The precision of the numeration can thus be improved. Also, this paper utilizes the data's simulation to show the process of setting the model by using the WinBUGS package, and proves the objectivity and validity of the model.
Calculation of forest fire probability is a complex issue concerning weather, tree species, geography conditions and human activities. The impact of weather parameters on fire has been one of the hot spots in the forest fire study. In this paper, the effect of 5 daily weather parameters on forest fire probability is investigtated. The 5 parameters are average humidity, precipitation, average wind speed, average temperature and sunshine time. Firstly, the correlation between each single parameter and fire probability is analyzed with a 24ayer BP neural network. The little value of MSE indicates ANN method gets close results with actual correlation. Secondly, the multi-correlaiton between fire probability and the 5 weather parameters is studied with a 3-layer BP network. From the 466 samples, 26 ones are randomly selected as test set, others as training set. The training MSE of BP network becomes smaller than 10-6 after 5 000 epochs. For the test set, the relative error is less than 9.9%. It is indicated from the results that there are steady correlaiton between fire probability and weather parameters, and the BP network is a practical method in fire risk analysis. The study has practical implicaitons for forest fire risk prediction and the results can act as a basic data in forest fire proteciton.
Complex decision-making problems in virtual prototyping for complex products are difficult to use general decision-making methods and system engineering methods to solve. To provide high-powered decision-making support environment is the key technical problem in virtual prototypes design and simulation of complex products. Based on the analysis of the current DSS and the comparison between meta-synthetic decision support system and current DSS, this paper proposed to establish meta-synthetic decision support system in virtual prototyping for complex products (VPMSDSS) to resolve the complex decision-making support problems effectively, analyzed the requirement of VPMSDSS from the meta-synthetic decision-making process, built the VPMSDSS based on browser/server architecture, combining mobile agent technology, and illustrated the structure of the system. The components and the system functions were also discussed, the key technologies to implement the system such as simulation technology, information synthesizing and knowledge synthesizing were studied deeply and relevant realization methods were provided.
In fire environments，the traditional fire extinguishing agents can't effectually put out a fire which is sheltered by barrier. Now, a lot of water mist fire extinguishing researches have been made . This paper mainly studies the validity of water mist fire extinguishing and investigates the controlling and extinguishing effects of water mist fire extinguishing when barrier exists. At the same time, this paper also studies how the key factors, including opening degree between nozzle and barrier,water mist pressure, water mist flux and so on, influence the fire extinguishing validity, analyzes the water mist fire extinguishing characters when barrier exists, gives the reason why the water mist can't put out a fire in some conditions，and provides references for practical engineering application.
The methodology of management and control of dynamic visual information for hydropower engineering is presented in this thesis. Visual dynamic information management method and visual simulation technology are lucubrated. Engineering dynamic visual management and control method based on engineering visual simulation is presented. A new way for hydropower engineering visual management is inaugurated.
Projects one-off nature and the difference between Chinese and Western cultures are the root of project management problem in China. Project organization culture is particular and not the same as corporation culture.Integration of Confucianism，Daoism and Buddhism imposed profoundly on the “ soft problem ” and PMBOK “soft module” in project management. More theoretic inovation and practice on communication，human resource, contract management and morality of management, etc. , should be developed.
China's logistics industry is still in the initial development stage, and many problems are to be solved. Security management of dangerous goods transportation is one of the issues that worth full concern. The author analyzes the major difficulties and problems existing in the security management of dangerous goods transportation, and brings forward corresponding measures against these problems.