From the early 20th century, the froth flotation technology, which is the important way for efficient utilization of mineral resources, has been used in industry scaly. Flotation reagents are the foundation and the key of the technology. The paper introduced the relationship between structure and property of flotation reagents, and discussed the hisftory and new progress on molecular design of flotation reagents.
Based on analysis of experimential design for concrete face rockfill dams and its imperfection, a new design concept of high concrete face rockfill dams which includes stability safety design, seepage safety design and deformation safety design in accordance with different topographical and geological condition and construction materials was put forward here. Moreorer ,the importance of deformation har monization principle was emphasized The principle and main points of stability safety design, seepage safety design and deformation safety design was also presented here.
The Internet of Things (IoT) has given rise to provide an effective way to improve the transparency and security for the container logistics. This paper proposes the realization and application of one type of the container sense system based on IoT, which provides a feasible methodology and solution for a large scale commercial use. The system realizes automatic identification of containers, information sharing and intelligent management without human intervention, by using RFID(radio frequency identification), communication and internet technologies.
The strategic position of the nuclear energy in the development of China energy resources and the important role of the fusion-fission hybrid reactors in the sustained development of nuclear energy resources are analyzed. The hybrid reactor with ITER fusion device as driving reactor core which could be realized in near future and water-cooled natural uranium fission system as blanked is discussed. With hybrid reactor the 1 GWe net electrical power output and yearly fissile fuel production 1 656 kg that could meet need of 2.68 PWR(pressurized water reactors)for fissile fuel could be attained. A rough economic estimation predict that capital cost of hybrid reactor is 1.67 times as large as capital cost of same power PWR without including the cost of nuclear fuel; the electrical cost of combined system of hybrid reactor and PWR is 1.18 times of electrical cost of same power PWR. Considering cost of fissile fuel that PWR consume, the electricity cost of combined system of hybrid reactor and PWR could be competitive with PWR electricity cost.
Under explosive loading, a tensile stress wave is a main cause to induce spalling collapse of concrete protective structures. The tensile strength of material is a most important parameter to be considered in structural design against the collapse under explosion. How to reduce the strength of tensile stress wave is a key problem for underground protective structure designers to solve. Formulations, that are often used currently to describe the minimum deepness of underground protective structure against spalling collapse, were deduced based on many assumptions for simplification. The structural characteristics, the propagation of shock waves and material dynamic properties are not considered in these formulations. Thus, they are not valuable to analysis precisely the protective structures against explosion, so that they must be improved.In this paper, dynamic properties of concretes and their steel fiber reinforced concretes and the collapse behavior of underground structures subjected to explosive loading are studied. The experimental results show that the anti-collapse capability of an underground structure with high strength concrete C100 is poorer than that of normal concrete C40. And the strength of reinforced concrete by 2 % steel fiber fraction in volume obvious increases and its anti-collapse (spalling) capability is also largely enhanced. However, the difference of the anti-collapse (spalling) capability between reinforced C100 concrete and reinforced C40 concrete with same steel fiber fraction is very small. Furthermore, the dynamic mechanism of anti-collapse design of underground structures subjected to explosive loading has been investigated also in this paper by using one-dimensional stress wave theory. The analysis represents that "sandwich composite structure" can obvious increase the anti-collapse strength of underground protective structures subjected to explosive loading.
The paper is aiming to mining standard regulations of data sharing, data sharing platform and data sharing policy of HJ-1 against the characteristics of massive data, multi-source, timeliness and complexity of the satellite data. Meeting the variety demanding extremely and strengthening commonweal service and international service of HJ-1 is the ultimate destination of the research.
We proposed a cross-layer QoS routing algorithm which is metric-based cooperative relay initiative forwarding(MCRICQR). Nodes form a metric according to energy, channel, congestion and distance to sink. The node with maximal metric forwards or relays or leapfrogs the data in term of it's own states. Simulation results show that MCRICQR can prolong the lifetime of network and guarantee the required QoS. It also can transmit data in time and load balance which improve the reliability and energy efficiency and throughput of WSN(wireless sensor network).
In this paper, the author proposed the formula of dynamic construction control and settlement forecast about roadbed of high-speed railway according to the observation data of Hefei-Wuhan Express Passenger Line I Bid Package,combining the classic observation data to analyze and control roadbed construction for ensuring that the roadbed quality,settlement and the timelimit can meet the requirement. The method of this paper can be referred in the similar roadbed construction.
Based on the concept of full-scale mining,that is,the concept of research on the mining and utilizing of mineral resources of multi-deposits in a mine area by systematic and dynamic considering of mine full-life process, a synthetic optimizing model of artificial neutral network (ANN) export system is set up.By using the model ,a synthetic optimization for the mining and utilization deposits at Gushan mine area is carried out, and the suggested ore production scale for the Gushan mine area is 5.4～6.8 million t/a. The optimized results are helpful to the strengthening construction, the improvement of economical and social benefit and the sustainable development of Gushan mine area.
For the huge amount of raw data that were obtained during field data acquisition by the real-time kinematic global positioning system (RTK GPS) in structural health monitoring (SHM) system of the Nanpu Bridge in Shanghai, we finished lots of processing works and obtain x-coordinate , y-coordinate,z-coordinate time series of all 12 monitoring station points. The coordinate time series were treated as the multi-outputs of the dynamic system and used to build the state space model and ARMA model and spectrum estimations for the response. The analysis results were consistent with the results of test that completed when the bridge was opened in 1990 and results that forecasted by fine finite element (FE) model. The research illustrated that the state-space model and ARMA model were efficient tools for evaluation of performance of civil structures, and furtherly proved the possibility of building the prototype SHM that based on RTK GPS.
Aiming at the disadvantage of traditional hydraulic cylinder testing system, such as old measure, low detection precision, etc.,a new control-strategy to checkout property of tested cylinder was proposed. The new strategy succeeded to modularize the tested property and organically combine tested properties of cylinder together during hydraulic cylinder moving. The new real-time testing system made use of the technic of PLC(programmable logic controller), CoDeSys configuration and Visual Basic 6.0. The test results indicated that the real-time testing system made hydraulic cylinder properties be inspected successfully; test data and curve could be printed out, and increased testing efficiency.
Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system combines the interpretability of fuzzy reasoning and the ability of adaptability and self-learning of neural network, overcoming the enormous difficulties for slope stability analysis caused by the uncertainty of rock slope. At the same time, for the reasonable of parameter setting in fuzzy inference system, evaluation model of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference based on genetic algorithm is established. It was shown that the results of GA-ANFIS model are consistent with field condition, which makes it be an effective method for slope stability evaluation.
A monitoring system of seepage and settlement for an earth embankment dam model using fully distributed optical fiber sensing technology is built to simulate seepages in earth dam. The strain curve of the tested optical fiber is obtained from the device in the experiment. The results certify the feasibility of the monitoring system based on distributed optical fiber sensing technology. The analysis model in ANSYS software is set up by simplizing boundary conditions and choosing appropriate calculation units. The relationship between the load applied on the earth dam model and the strain of optical fiber sensors is qualitatively analyzed under some loading cases. The relationship between the load applied on the model and the gravity of collapsed earth is also got. The conclusion is helpful to quantitively judge the degree of seepage and to determine the applicable embedding depth of optical fiber sensors.
Controlled drainage should be applied to deal with underground water in subsea tunnel. In order to study the change laws of subsea tunnel wall rock pressure, water pressure on primary support and internal force of steel arching in the process of construction, combining with the Xiamen Subsea Tunnel, the real time monitor of the wall rock pressure, water pressure on primary support and internal force of steel arching were carried out on site in the process of construction. The results show that the primary support has a high security coefficient in construction period. Grouting in advance and grouting back the primary support is necessary for subsea tunnel. In the circumstance of controlled drainage, by strengthening some measures such as grouting, the water pressure on primary support can be reduced to 1/3 of the full hydrostatic pore pressure. By monitoring and analyzing the water inflow on site, the water inflow controlling criteria are put forward. The water inflow in soft rock section in Xiamen Subsea Tunnel should be less than 0.25 m3/(m·d). The result of the paper were verified and applied in Xiamen Subsea Tunnel.
Based on the theory of stir kinetic energy conversation law proposed by Ouyang Shoucheng, which revealed that energy can not break away from matter and space should be remained for energy, the relationships of energy space and natural disaster and catastrophic dynamics were discussed. The application and countermeasures of energy space in reconstruction after disaster, plan of flood control and disaster reduction, ecological environmental plan and etc. were proposed. It was emphasized that natural disasters and artificial construction project should remain space for energy for effective disaster reduction and prevention. It was suggested that "remaining space for energy" is the new scientific proposition aim at the modern science's omission.
The paper expounded the extension and connotation of sustainable development conception of expressway extension project. In allusion to the stratagem objective of sustainable development, the objective system of sustainable development was constructed and expressway extension project was studied as programme system. The paper constructed the life-cycle integrated management system of expressway extension project. Around the three-dimensional coordinate system of integrated management the meaning of expressway extension project life-cycle was explained. The programme characteristics were analyzed and an incorporate organizational structure of "extension—operation—traffic management" was built. The paper built information structure matrix and information management system of expressway extension project life-cycle and used weatherglass to build an evaluation model of sustainable development. At last, the inspirer was summarized which the research on expressway extension project construction management based on the theory of sustainable development can offer to the construction of engineering after and the development of industry.
For reducing heavy oil thermal cost,development scheme such as producing steam by burning crude oil to achieve heavy oil need to change. Also we need to reduce formation damage, so we launched hot dry rock(HDR) assisted oil recovery feasibility study. HDR assisted oil recovery extracted heat reservoir of underground thermal energy by hot dry rock to reduce oil viscosity and improve oil mobility. The technical support facilities regardless of drilling deep or heavy oil thermal recovery technologies are mature. HDR heat from geotherm in core-mantle boundary, were widely distributed, clean and renewable. Studies have shown that hot dry rock assisted oil recovery technology had strong pertinence and effectively inherited cyclic steam injection and steam drive technology, and technically feasible. So it may promote the development of related technology and is in line with China's basic national policy of saving energy and emission reduction. It is advised that hot dry rock assisted oil recovery pilot test should be carried out firstly in the favorable block.
The mathematical model was studied by mechanical analysis and CFD (computing fluid dynamics) computation. Besides, an intelligent adaptive based control law was proposed and the optimization approach is employed to solve the constrained control allocation problem. The results show good closed loop performance and validate the intelligent optimization approach of constrained control allocation for flight control.