Paper industry has always been key industry for energy saving, emission reduction and reducing consumption in our country. However, modern paper machine has a great advantage of saving energy and lowering consumption. The saving energy and lowering consumption in the modern paper machine with advanced control and higher speed technologies have been accomplished by way of increasing the overall efficiency, in which the structure of unit, key technology and the papermaking efficiency were improved. The key technology of each unit in modern paper machine and its effect on saving energy and lowering consumption were also introduced. The speed and width were presented, and some suitable suggestions for developing and producing the modern paper machine were provided according to the technology problems still existed and actual situation in China.
18F-FLT uptake can be used to monitor the biological response of esophageal SCC and normal tissue to RT. Increased uptake of 18F-FLT following treatment interruptions may reflect accelerated repopulation. 18F-FLT PET may have advantages compared to 18F-FDG PET in differentiating inflammation from tumor. 18F-FLT PET may help oncologists predict treatment response as early as one week after the beginning of treatment and estimate clonogenic repopulation during RT. 18F-FETNIM PET can depict hypoxia in esophageal SCC. Prior to CCRT, tumor hypoxia demonstrates spatial variability in different days, though overall 18F-FETNIM uptake remains similar. Baseline SUVmax may be predictive of treatment response.
This paper briefly introduced the evolution of purification technology for drinking water over time. After description of the 1st generation processes in the beginning of the 20th century—conventional processes and the 2nd generation processes in 1970s—advanced treatment processes, a tertiary processes—UF (ultrafiltration) based on integrated processes was proposed. Moreover, reaction measures (dosing variety of regents for different contaminants) for urban source water emergencies were illustrated in brief. A new technology of KMnO4 and potassium permanganate composite (PPC) for drinking water purification which was developed by Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT) was concisely introduced.
From the characteristics of military engineering construction which are different from civil engineering construction, this paper brings forth the background of the harmonious management of military engineering construction. Based on organizational behavior, military engineering economics, system coevolution, and from the point of ontology, epistemology and methodology, this paper describes the logical relationship and system framework of the “persons events things”, and operation mechanism of the harmonious management of military engineering construction, then builds up the theoretical framework of the harmonious management of military engineering construction. From the point of the Renli harmony of “leaders employees group” subject factors, Wuli harmony of “quality construction period cost” object factors, Shili harmony of “knowledge tool method” relationship factors, system environment harmony of “military technology economy”, this paper discusses the realization mode of the harmonious management of military engineering construction, then sets up the evaluation model of the harmonious management mode of military engineering construction.
The coordinated development is the core of sustainable development, and the hot issue of international research. Inland water transport(IWT) is an important part of the water resources exploiting system and comprehensive transport system under socio economic context of river basin, and also the country's sustainable development priorities to achieve resource conserving and environment friendly strategy. This paper is based on the coordinated development content, combined Germany's successful development experience, explored the elements and the problem of the coordinated development of IWT system with China's national economic strategy and basin economy, water resource system, comprehensive transport system, and system itself, and their countermeasures and suggestions，in order to facilitate rapid and coordinated development of China's inland water transport.
The paper briefly introduced The state about The developing and applicating successfully of Guangdong Zhongyuan shipbuilding gantry crane with function of turning over ship-section, with The emphasis on The discussion about The technical characteristics and practical value of several new inventions of that new lift equipment and technology. Those include The technique of turning over ship-section in series, The designs for rigid leg in type of double columns tower and sightseeing lift to land up The crane, The design and manufacture technology for The gantry double box-beams designing as divided into two layers, The technology for moving repair crane with The upper lift car, and using double cable sheaves technology for supply low-voltage electric power, etc.
Based on shale gas resource potential the paper studies the development conditions, volume of production, the future status of shale gas in natural gas development of China. It is showed that shale gas resources are rich in China. Shale gas has been found in Sichuan basin, Ordos basin, Nanyang basin, Chongqing City, Yunnan Province, Guizhou Province, Hunan Province, and other areas with average production of one well being more than 1×104 m3/d. A good development prospect of shale gas is showed in China. By many kinds of resources forecasting methods,the volume of shale gas technical recoverable resources is (9～12)×1012 m3. According to comprehensive development tendency of north American, exploitation ways of 20 year stable production, Pad drilling site, and advantageous exploitation area of (25~30)×104 km2, the producing rate of shale gas in China could be expected to 100×108 m3 in 2020 and 600×108m3 in 2030. Shale gas development in China would occupy an important position of natural gas development in the future, and play an important role to improve the energy structure, ensure energy supply and promote a low carbon economic development.
To discuss the applicability of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) cables and reactive powder concrete (RPC)in super long span cable stayed bridges, taking a 1 008 m cable stayed bridge using steel girder and steel cables as example, a cable stayed bridge with the same span using RPC(reactive powder concrete) as the girder and advanced composite material CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced polymer) as the cable was designed, in which the cable cross section was determined by the principles of equivalent cable strength and the beam cross section was determined considering the stiffness, shear capacity and local stability. Based on the method of finite element analysis, the comparative study of these two structures on their static properties, dynamic properties, stability and wind resistance were carried out. The results show that it is feasible for using RPC as the girder and CFRP as the cable so as to form a highly efficient, durable cable stayed bridge of concrete structure and make its applicable span reach about 1 000 m long.
The formation conditions and typical characteristics of oversea typical tight oil plays are analyzed systematically, which provides referential basis for the tight oil research in China. According to the study, typical tight oil plays oversea are characterized by “3 formation conditions” and “7 basic characteristics”. The 3 formation conditions include wide spread tight reservoir, wide distribution of sapropel type source rock with moderate maturation, close contact between continuous tight reservoir and high quality source rock. The 7 basic characteristics involve indefinite trap boundaries, no-buoyance accumulation and inapparent hydrodynamic effect as well as complicated distribution of oil and water, abnormal pressure and high production related to fractures, no-Darcy flow, short distance migration, nanometer-scale pore-throat connection system, horizontal wells and staged fracturing as vital technologies in the development of tight oil. Based on these two aspects, the formation conditions and typical characteristics of tight oil in China are studied, revealing the huge potential and good exploration prospect of tight oil in China.
In order to increase the availability of the part-time idle BRT-lane, this paper proposes a method of time division multiplexing (TDM) to share BRT-lane with other kind of vehicles based on vehicle road collaboration. The TDM control strategy is established based on Vehicle-Infrastructure Integration and vehicles collaboration. The algorithm is researched to forecast the segmented BRT travel time. According to the real time traffic information, a comprehensive model is given to estimate the vehicles' lane-changing time from/to the BRT-lane to/from its neighbor lane and determine the timing sequence for vehicles collaboration. Finally the experiment demonstrates that the predicted value of the travel time and lane changing time is closed to the true value. The control strategy of the vehicles collaboration could promise other kind of vehicles to share BRT-lane without disturbing BRT's priority.
The majority of discovered reserves is central Sichuan Basin, but the economic development to the reserves is difficult because of the high saturation of water in gas reservoirs. Based on comprehensive study on the gas accumulation conditions, the evaluation to gas resource of Xujiahe formation is done, which points that exploration potential regions are Xu 2 and Xu 4 of Jinhua-Pengxi in central Sichuan Basin, and Xu 3 of Jiange in northwest of basin, where the source rock and reservoir as well as fracture are developed well. High-production gas from lots of wells and discovered scale reserves show that these potential regions will become the important new fields in Xujiahe formation, Sichuan Basin.
In 2011, petroleum exploration of marine deposit,shallow,Carboniferous,and volcanic tuff reservoir realized breakthroughs at Chepaizi slope in the western margin of Junggar Basin, Pai 61 well,with 855.7 ~949.6 m section,and the conventional test oil obtained 6 t/d industrial oil flow. The surface viscosity is 390 mPa·s (50 ℃).The marine sediments of Carboniferous are both deep oil source rocks and high-quality reservoir. Magma volcanic activity provides the basis for volcanic reservoir development and distribution. The weathering crust and secondary cracks developed volcanic tuff by strong rock weathering and dissolution of organic acids and became top quality reservoir. Deep Permian oil-gas migrated and accumulated to high parts along Hong-Che fault belt and stratigraphic unconformity stripping. Permian and Triassic volcanic rocks or dense mudstone sedimentary cover as a regional seal for the late Carboniferous oil-gas to save critical. The seismic pre-stack time migration processing technologies for the problem of poor inner structures of Carboniferous were developed. Response of volcanic rock seismic and logging are obviously.The application imaging logging and nuclear magnetic technology achieved the qualitative identification and quantification of fracture description.
Based on construction practice of worldwide concrete dam heightening project, 4 key construction technologies of concrete gravity dam heightening project by the integral heightening mode on the existing dam by the down stream side and on the dam crest were systematically summarized. The 4 key technologies are concrete raw materials and mix proportion, jionting between new concrete and existing concrete, controlled demolition and transference of old structures, and resources temporal and spatrial allocation curing construction period, For each key construction technology, the construction technical difficulties, features and requirements were analyzed, and the technical measures and solving strategies were summarized to provide construction reference for the same type project in the future.
A novel selective leakage protective device in master-slave structure was proposed where dsPIC30F4012 was the master controller and PIC16F877A was the slave processor. The device used the principle of additional DC power supply in main feeding switch to examine the occurrence of the leakage and used the principle of direction of zero sequence power in branch feeding switch to judge the faulty line. The hardware diagram and the software flow chart of protective system were given and RS-485 bus and optical fiber communication technology were adopted. It could improve the action capability and anti-interference capability of the leakage protective device for power supply system in underground, and the experimental results confirmed the protection device proposed had good performance.
Aiming at the problem of modeling for non-equidistant sequence, the non-equidistant GM(1,1) power model was proposed. A non-linear optimization model is constructed with the objective of minimum average relative error, the constraints of relationships between parameters in order to optimize the power exponent and the background value. The results showed that the form of non equidistant GM(1,1) power model was more flexible than the traditional ones. Both non equidistant GM(1,1) model and Grey Verhulst model were the special cases of non equidistant GM(1,1) power model. Optimization of power exponent helped to improve modeling accuracy. Finally, an engineering example of non-equidistant sequence shows modeling accuracy in traditional modeling, which was significantly improved by non equidistant GM(1,1) power model.
The advantages of the internet of things (IOT) technology and transportation industry development trends were analyzed. And then, after studying the combination of transport industry and IOT technology, the concept of transport IOT was defined. In connection with many problems encountered in the traditional intelligent transport system, the future transport intelligentize development pattern was proposed. Finally, advantages of the information to function pattern were confirmed by comparing studies. The pattern was proposed to achieve true interoperability of transport based on a unified information collection. It can greatly promote the cost saving, and mine the potential value of information. It also can promote the formation of sustainable information services market and industrial upgrade.
Simulated annealing algorithm is a heuristic algorithm, proposed one approximation algorithm of solving optimization combinatorial problems inspired by objects in the annealing process by heating crunch. The algorithm is superior to the traditional greedy algorithm,which avoids falling into local optimum and reaches global optimum. There are often some problems to find the shortest path, etc., in the logistics and we distribution network, and we need optimization for logistics and distribution path in order to achieve the shortest, best, most economical, and so on. The paper uses an example of simulated annealing algorithm to verify it, and the method is proved to be feasible.