High-quality manufacturing is an innovative model that supports quality transformation and increases high-quality supply, and it is crucial for upgrading China’s manufacturing industry. Studying the technology system and development strategy for highquality manufacturing is significant for boosting China’s manufacturing sector. In this study, we first identify the problems regarding the manufacturing quality development in China and examine the key issues through a four-in-one framework that integrates supply side, demand side, government supervision, and quality infrastructure. Subsequently, we explore the connotation and characteristics of highquality manufacturing, establish a technology system that covers the entire process of design, production, operation, and maintenance, and propose several countermeasures. Our study shows that China’s manufacturing quality still suffers from low quality efficiency, limited international influence of manufacturing brands, and difficulty in quality upgrade of the industrial chain. The technology system we proposed is comprised of quality infrastructure, quality generic technologies, lifecycle quality control technologies, and resource elements. Furthermore, we suggest that China should strengthen the construction of high-quality manufacturing standards system, accelerate the upgrading of industrial chain quality, innovate the quality development mechanism, improve the supply capacity of quality resource elements, achieve breakthroughs in new technologies, and consolidate the quality infrastructure.
As a basic raw material industry, metallurgical industry is crucial for national economy and defense construction. Its development level reflects the industrialization process of a country. The metallurgical industry currently faces multiple constraints in terms of resource, energy, and environment. To address these constraints, green metallurgy is the only way and can create a sustainable development mode for future development of the metallurgical industry in China. Considering the background of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, domestic and international dual circulation, as well as supply-side structural reforms, we analyze the current status and development trend of steel and nonferrous metals in China and abroad, and review the development status of metallurgical technologies. Moreover, we examine the innovative development of green metallurgy from the perspective of resource, energy, and environment, and summarize several major problems. Based on the prediction and potential analysis, we present the major strategic demand for green metallurgy and propose the following countermeasures: enhancing the strategic position of the metallurgical industry, developing disruptive technologies for waste-free metallurgy, deploying major innovation projects regarding resource and energy substitution as well as control of environmental pollution and carbon emission, implementing green metallurgy policy and standards, and creating an innovative talent training system and science popularization platforms.
Advanced manufacturing clusters are crucial for building a manufacturing power and are key to the construction of a modern industrial system and high-quality industrial development. Lacking scientific and technological innovation capabilities has become a prominent problem that restricts the manufacturing cluster development in China. In this study, we summarize international experiences in establishing science and technology support systems for advanced manufacturing clusters, and analyze the current status and existing problems of these clusters and support systems in China. Herein we categorize the advanced manufacturing clusters into basic, strategic, and cutting-edge technology industrial clusters according to the characteristics of industrial development stages. Moreover, we explore the development directions and propose the construction paths for these manufacturing clusters. Specifically, the industrial concentration and intelligent level of the basic industrial clusters need to be improved. Major enterprises should be cultivated for the industrial chain within the strategic industrial clusters, and major common technology innovation platforms and pilot test platforms need to be established. As for the industrial clusters of cutting-edge technologies, an innovation ecosystem that integrates universities and scientific research institutes needs to be established, and demonstration and application of new technologies should be encouraged.
In this article, we focus on the current status and problems regarding the basic capabilities of the frontier new materials industry in cutting-edge fields such as brain-like intelligence, artificial intelligence, deep space exploration, network security, and efficient energy conversion. Considering the phased development plans in 2025 and 2035, we propose the development goals and strategies for promoting the basic capabilities of China’s frontier new materials industry in terms of scientific and technological innovation, support, competitiveness, sustainable development, infrastructure construction, and industrial ecological environment. To meet the requirements of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation for frontier new materials, countermeasures and suggestions are proposed from the following aspects: material genetic engineering, double circulation, carbon peak and carbon neutrality, and testing and characterization of independent frontier new materials.
Currently, the product quality of China’s manufacturing industry is uneven and has a notable gap with that of developed countries. Improving the quality of manufactured products is vital for upgrading China’s manufacturing industry and promoting the core competitiveness of the industry. In this study, we first analyze the development characteristics regarding the quality of the manufacturing industry, and then examine the development trend and prominent problems regarding the product quality of China’s manufacturing industry. While summarizing international experiences, we propose several suggestions for product quality improvement. Specifically, China should (1) clarify the strategic positioning of product quality development and strengthen the coherence of national quality policies; (2) focus on the needs of future industrial development by implementing three action plans; (3) accelerate the innovation of quality management theories, technologies, and tools under the guidance of digital transformation; (4) integrate the industrial quality infrastructure to support the product quality improvement; (5) reconstruct the quality development environment to promote enterprises’ willingness in improving product quality; and (6) maximize the institutional advantages of the country to implement foundation projects for improving product quality.
Intelligent manufacturing has become the inevitable development trend of modern manufacturing; it is the main direction of the China Manufacturing 2025 plan and the only way for China’s manufacturing industry to develop from large to strong. Studying the breakthrough paths of intelligent manufacturing is significant for promoting the high-quality development of China’s manufacturing industry and accelerating industrial transformation and upgrading. It is also an important measure to practice the “four orientations”. In this article, we study the development practice of intelligent manufacturing in China, and summarize its basic characteristics from the dimensions of strategic layout, pilot demonstration, industrial agglomeration, and determination of development stages. Meanwhile, we investigate the problems existing in the development process. Currently, some of the standards, policies, technologies, talents, finance, and taxation for intelligent manufacturing can no longer meet the development requirements of the new era. Targeted measures focusing on policy standards, core technologies, and supporting elements are required for promoting the high-quality development of intelligent manufacturing during the 14th Five-Year Plan period. Specifically, China should strengthen the top-level design to improve its policy and standards system, optimize strategic layout to achieve breakthroughs in core technologies, and improve the institutional guarantee and support of key elements.
Intelligent manufacturing is crucial for constructing a powerful manufacturing country. As China’s intelligent manufacturing enters a comprehensive promotion stage, the scientific evaluation of intelligent manufacturing becomes a practical demand. This paper provides a systematic survey on the intelligent manufacturing evaluation theories in recent years. The evaluation index systems of intelligent manufacturing are classified and summarized from three perspectives, that is, key technology, overall system, and specific sector. Furthermore, the methods commonly used in intelligent manufacturing evaluation are compared and analyzed. This paper also investigates the major problems regarding intelligent manufacturing evaluation and discusses the future research directions of the field. Currently, there are deficiencies in the standards, processes, index system, and application of intelligent manufacturing evaluation. It is necessary to improve the evaluation paradigm, evaluation system, and new technology integration, so as to promote the research of intelligent manufacturing evaluation theories and guide the development of intelligent manufacturing. Specifically, China should improve the standards design to establish an intelligent manufacturing evaluation paradigm, optimize the index system to enrich the key evaluation content, strengthen the integration of new technologies, and promote the synergy of theory and practice.
The discrete manufacturing industry in China is currently being transformed and upgraded. Digital transformation and intelligent upgrade is an inevitable choice for China’s discrete manufacturing industry, as intelligent manufacturing can promote the quality, efficiency, and competitiveness of discrete manufacturing. The sub-sectors of discrete manufacturing in China differs significantly and requires diversified paths for digital transformation and intelligent upgrade. In this paper, we first summarize the typical characteristics of the discrete manufacturing industry, explore the challenges regarding the digital transformation and intelligent upgrade of the industry, and elaborate the common key technologies including advanced manufacturing, new-generation information, and new-generation artificial intelligence. Subsequently, we investigate four typical cases to present the frontier application progress in the field in China, and propose the following key development tasks: (1) achieving breakthroughs in keys enabling technologies for intelligent manufacturing, (2) developing intelligent manufacturing equipment, (3) building digital and intelligent workshops and factories, (4) providing digital and intelligent services, and (5) building standards and safety systems. Furthermore, it is necessary to accelerate pilot application, highlight domestication, increase the reserve of high-tech talents, and formulate relevant laws and regulations, to promote the high-quality development of China’s discrete manufacturing industry.
The new intelligent manufacturing system integrates information and communication technologies (ICTs) with industrial technologies and supports the rapidly unfolding new round of industrial revolution. The rapid evolution of ICTs gives intelligent manufacturing the potential for accelerated development. This paper proposes a technical system for the new intelligent manufacturing system and elaborates the connotation and characteristics of a technical subsystem regarding ICTs from the perspective of industrial Internet system technologies and four basic technologies, namely, industrial big data, artificial intelligence (AI), fifth-generation mobile communication (5G), and modeling simulation/digital twin. Subsequently, we present the vertical, horizontal, and end-to-end application scenarios of intelligent manufacturing enabled by ICTs, and propose several suggestions for promoting the new intelligent manufacturing system through ICTs. First, special science and technology projects should be established focusing on advanced networks, collaborative computing, and industrial knowledge reasoning. Second, Industrial development should focus on the R&D and industrialization of the following technologies: 5G application, network collaboration, intelligent and intelligently connected products based on new-generation AI technology, and domestication of modeling simulation/digital twin tool sets and systems. Third, Application demonstration should be conducted regarding industrial design based on 5G Plus industrial virtual reality, industrial platforms for AI Internet of Things, and intelligent design of industrial products based on modeling simulation/digital twin technology. Meanwhile, it is necessary to improve the efficient and collaborative working mechanism for promoting new intelligent manufacturing policies, accelerate the construction of interconnection standard groups, promote the industrial chain and supply chain through industry–university–research collaboration, and enhance the deep integration of industry and education in intelligent manufacturing.
The industrial software industry is an important support for the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry. Against the background of strengthening China’s manufacturing industry in the new era, industrial software is becoming a direct driving force for optimizing manufacturing and management processes, transforming production methods and relations, improving total-factor productivity, and promoting the spillover and transformation of advanced industrial technologies. China is currently building an independent, controllable, safe, and efficient modern industrial system, which not only challenges the original “technology–production–market” division of labor, but also creates important opportunities for the development of the industrial software industry. Considering the current international market structure, this paper analyzes the basic characteristics and market share of industrial software products, analyzes the shortcomings and problems of China’s industrial software industry development, and summarizes two new development trends of the industrial software industry: platform-based and open source development. Based on this, we propose the following three development paths: (1) improving weak links while strengthening basic research, (2) making technical breakthroughs to catch up with the international advanced level, and (3) leading the development with frontier technologies, hoping to address the industrial deficiencies and improve the industrial level. Furthermore, we propose several suggestions. First, the organizational model should be optimized to maximize the leading role of industrial enterprises. Second, the policy objects should be refined to promote the breakthrough of key technologies regarding industrial software at different levels. Third, the application market needs to be expanded to promote the innovation of industrial software products. Fourth, it is necessary to tap the potentials of talents and support the cultivation of industrial software talents through multiple channels.
Industrial software integration is the foundation to support the production and digital transformation of industrial enterprises. It is also the core for realizing product lifecycle management. Identification resolution path is key to realizing the interoperability of all industrial elements and thus conducive to the deep integration of industrial software. In view of the data and business islands faced by industrial software integration in China, we analyze the demand for industrial software integration from perspectives of product design and production, quality information traceability, and production–financial integration. Subsequently, we examine the development history of industrial software integration in China and abroad and summarize the challenges from the aspect of data interoperability and full-set software procurement. Additionally, we propose a development idea of combining industrial software integration with identification resolution, focusing on physical gateway, interface platform, and cloud component technology; the idea includes the technical architecture, identification resolution technology path, data management mode, and core functions. Finally, we suggest to promote the coupling of the identification resolution system with industrial software from the aspect of development of industry drive, corporate culture, and talent support.
Aero engine is crucial for aircraft and its development level reflects a country’s comprehensive strength, industrial base, and scientific and technological level. Studying strategies for strengthening the aero engine development in China is significant for technological innovation and high-quality development of China’s manufacturing industry. In this study, we explore the significance for strengthening the aero engine development from the aspects of promoting national competitiveness, green development, and innovation-driven development, and summarize the experience of developed countries in aero engine development. Subsequently, we summarize the development status of China’s aero engine industry, analyze the challenges urgently faced by the industry, and propose the connotation, objectives, and specific development path of the strategy in terms of advanced products, major infrastructure, common key technologies, and basic research. Furthermore, we propose the following suggestions to promote the high-quality development of China’s aero engine industry: improving the policy and regulation systems, deepening industry system reforms, optimizing the industry operation mechanism, and improving the talents training system.
The cruise industry is an important driving force for China’s economic supply-side reforms during the 14th Five-Year Plan period. The construction of a large cruise ship is a complex, customized, and giant project, and it is the only high-tech ship product that remains to be conquered in China. This study focuses on the final assembly construction and industrial development of domestic cruise ships and summarizes the final assembly practice of China’s first large cruise ship on the basis of studying the construction modes of European large cruise ships and considering the characteristics of Chinese ship construction. We summarize the frontier progress and engineering experiences of cruise construction from the aspects of overall layout, technical ability, supply chain capability, and key technologies; analyze the effects of management ability construction from the aspects of cruise project organization, project command, and technological and constructing features; and prospect the industry development directions for cruise ship building in terms of operating ability, production ability, service ability, and production–education–research integration. This study aims to establish a final assembly construction system of cruise ships with Chinese characteristics to ensure the high-quality construction and successful delivery of China’s first domestic cruise ship.
Industrial textile materials are a new type of functional or structural basic materials processed by weaving, knitting, or nonweaving of fibrous materials. They have been widely applied to aerospace, national defense, ocean engineering, energy, environmental protection, transportation, civil construction, and other fields. The vigorous development of industrial textile materials can significantly promote the manufacturing industry of China, transform and upgrade China’s textile industry into an emerging resource industry, and contribute to the international and domestic dual circulation of China’s textile industry. In this paper, the development status, application scenarios, industrial demand, and manufacturing technologies of industrial textile materials are analyzed, the development direction and focus of relevant technologies and equipment are clarified, and development countermeasures are proposed. Specifically, China needs to formulate special policies to coordinate the technological research, equipment development, production, and application of the industry, establish a standards system for industrial textile equipment, and build systems for innovative services and talent training.
Underground space and resources are crucial for solving energy, resource, and living space problems faced by mankind. Shafts are throats that extend from the ground into the strata and thus require safe, efficient, green, and intelligent construction. In this paper, we analyze the need and necessity for developing large-diameter drilling technology and equipment, examine the development status in China and abroad, and analyze the challenges faced by China from the perspectives of basic research, applied technology development, high-end equipment manufacturing, and project demonstration. Moreover, we pinpoint the development directions of shaft construction technology and equipment and propose that China should establish the development concept of intelligent drilling, clarify the development path and tasks of intelligent drilling, establish relevant standards and specifications of large-diameter drilling, and promote the construction of intelligent drilling platforms and demonstration projects, thereby providing support for shaft construction in fields such as mining, hydropower, transportation, and urban construction.
Near-Earth asteroid (NEA) impacts on the Earth have caused over 10 biological extinction events of different degrees, threatening all human beings in the long term. The prevention of NEA impacts concerns global security and the survival of human civilization and urgently requires extensive research. In this paper, the hazards and risks of NEA impact on the Earth are described, and the significance of active response is discussed. The current international research situation and trend regarding NEA impact risk response were analyzed, involving response procedures, monitoring and early warning, impact hazard assessment, and on-orbit disposal. The basic progress and shortcomings of NEA impact risk response in China are summarized. Based on the above analysis, the development goals and system structure of NEA impact risk response in China are proposed, and the key tasks are summarized and discussed involving monitoring and early warning, on-orbit disposal, disaster rescue, basic research, and international cooperation. Furthermore, we suggest that China should strengthen the top-level design and long-term planning of impact risk response, establish an integrated impact risk response system, develop impact risk response and innovation capabilities, and build a community with a shared future for mankind in the field of planetary defense, thereby creating a planetary defense system that adapts to China’s national conditions and achieves accurate monitoring, reliable warning, effective disposal, and efficient rescue.
As the digital and intelligent transformation of the nuclear industry proceeds, nuclear power data is growing exponentially and has become an important asset of nuclear power plants. However, there is a lack of lifecycle data management system of nuclear power plants. This paper first summarizes the research status of nuclear power plant lifecycle data management in China, analyzes the demands for and challenges of nuclear power plant lifecycle data management, and constructs a data management framework regarding lifecycle nodes and business flows of nuclear power plants. The urgent tasks for establishing a nuclear power plant lifecycle data management system include: (1) promoting the comprehensive digitization of the nuclear power industry and unifying the nuclear power plant lifecycle data standards; (2) classifying the lifecycle data according to data types and reasonably designing the data models; and (3) scientifically formulating data quality control policies and data quality measurement standards to ensure the lifecycle data security of nuclear power plants. Furthermore, we suggest that (1) a data integration platform should be established to catalog the items, business data, and three-dimensional simulation data in the nuclear power plants to promote the interconnection of data across business systems; (2) blockchain technology should be applied to nuclear power plant lifecycle data management to ensure the authenticity and traceability of the data; (3) digital twins and model-based system engineering should be applied to the lifecycle data management of nuclear power plants to improve their intelligent development level; and (4) a green policy system should be established for nuclear power plant data management to realize the low-carbon, efficient, and sustainable development of data centers.
The modernization of public service governance in rural areas is a crucial component for rural governance in China; it promotes the quality of public services and provides a foundation for improving people’s livelihood and realizing rural revitalization. Based on an investigation regarding rural public service governance in 22 provinces (cities and autonomous regions) in China, we summarize the historical evolution and institutional changes of the public service governance in rural areas, analyze the major challenges faced during the modernization of rural public service governance in China, and propose the strategic objectives, development roadmap, and key tasks for 2050. Multiple problems remain in terms of public education, health care, social security, employment training, and public cultural and sports services. Therefore, the key tasks in the future include: (1) building a coordinated infrastructure system between urban and rural areas, (2) modernizing the governance of rural education, (3) improving rural cultural and sports infrastructure, (4) optimizing the public health service system, and (5) improving the social security system in rural areas. To further modernize rural public service governance in China, we suggest that the key governance objects and the supply list of rural public services should be clarified, the intelligent and digital transformation of governance should be accelerated, and collaborative governance by multiple subjects should be encouraged.
China has a large elderly population and its aging speed is accelerating, which pose a significant challenge for the country to cope with problems induced by population ageing. To address this, it is necessary to establish a smart health care platform for the elderly in China using modern technologies. In this paper, we analyze the construction background, concept, and development status of smart health care platforms for the elderly in China. Using the smart health care platform established in Xihu District of Hangzhou City as a case, we analyze the construction model and challenges of the platform and summarize the common features of the platforms in China. Moreover, we propose an implementation path for platform development in China. The platform should be built to contribute to the establishment of a Healthy China using scientific and technological means and based on the interconnection of national health care information and data; service resources need to be mobilized to provide a community-based comprehensive service; remote health data monitoring and health management are required to strengthen information support; and geographical advantages need to be maximized to promote local elderly health care industries. Furthermore, we suggest that China should accelerate the construction of its health care industry as well as the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, improve the health assessment system for guaranteeing the physical and mental health of the elderly, accelerate the construction of the relevant standards system, and coordinate urban–rural development in this industry.
From the Agenda for the 21st Century to the Education 2030 Framework for Action, the international community continues to promote education for sustainable development (ESD) and to integrate, reshape, and innovate the existing education systems. The concept of ESD has been leading the reform of international engineering education since the 21st century and is increasingly becoming an important strategic choice to improve the quality of engineering education. In the study, we first explore the historical evolution of ESD and analyze the demand characteristics of engineering science and technology personnel supporting ESD toward 2030; the analysis is conducted from the following aspects: new requirements of training objectives and key abilities based on ESD, analysis of the International Engineering Alliance Graduate Attributes and Professional Competencies framework, and China’s engineering education reform practice. Based on the concept of ESD, we summarize the challenges existing in the training of engineering scientific and technological personnel in China, specifically regarding training orientation, training process design, and student assessment and evaluation. The research shows that China’s action for promoting ESD for 2030 should strengthen top-level design to exert policy synergy, promote international cooperation to integrate global high-quality resources, optimize professional layout to maximize the advantages of professional clusters, improve curriculum teaching for training excellent engineering personnel, and strengthen accreditation while improving the quality standards system, thereby promoting the continuous improvement of the quality of engineering science and technology personnel that meet the sustainable development goals.