May 2017, Volume 19 Issue 2
    

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  • Research on a Development Strategy for National Health Promotion and Medical and Health Undertakings
    Wang Xiaoning, Fu Lei, Yin Ling, Zhi Chen, Li Xiaoxue, Liu Xiaoyun, Yin Delu, Wang Jian, Liu Ran, Dang Haixia, Liu Yunfang, Yang Zhiping, Wang Longde, Fan Daiming
    2017, 19(2): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.001
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    In June 2014, the Chinese Academy of Engineering launched a major advisory project: the National Health and Medical & Health Industry Development Strategy. After conducting an in-depth analysis of the major obstacles affecting national health and the healthcare industry development strategy, this research presents a list of suggestions and forms a research report. Based on this research and combined with recent dynamics, especially the guidelines specified by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council regarding the National Hygiene and Health Conference, we further study and discuss some related issues. To solve the challenges of worsening national health conditions and increasing difficulties and costs faced by the population in seeking medical treatment, this article emphasizes that it is essential to shift our national medical and healthcare development from a cure-oriented mode to a prevention-and-control mode. We must also quickly adjust the organizational mode of our national medical and healthcare development in order to enhance our governmental guidance and system design. An additional goal is to ensure that every citizen takes the initiative to participate in health-promoting activities; in this way, we hope to achieve sustainable development.
  • The Current Situation and Development of Health Management in China
    Li Jiang, Tao Sha, Li Ming, Fu Hua, Wang Ke’an, Tian Chuansheng, Wang Longde
    2017, 19(2): 8-15. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.002
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    Based on literature research, we selected a total of 17 typical organizations from Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Shanghai to investigate, including community health service centers, enterprises, health insurance companies, and health management service companies. The results of this study indicate that China has some problems in current health management, for example, community health service centers lack sufficient capacity in terms of personnel allocation and service content to carry out health management services; foreign-funded enterprises and large state-owned enterprises have carried out health management services with good results, but small- and medium-sized enterprises in China lack the independent ability to carry out health management services for their staff; health insurance companies are reluctant to carry out health insurance services because of the deficiency in profit models, while health management is often provided for high-end customers as an additional option; and health management service companies do not provide real health management services, but only physical examinations. Based on these problems in this study, we put forward a total of eight related policy recommendations and some countermeasures.
  • A Development Opportunity and Strategic Thinking for the Comprehensive Healthcare Industry of Traditional Chinese Medicine
    Zhang Boli, Zhang Junhua, Chen Shilin, Duan Jin’ao, Huang Luqi, Sun Xiaobo, Tu Pengfei, Ye Zuguang, Qu Haibin, Wei Jianhe, Zhao Daqing, Xu Yajuan, Xue Xiaojuan
    2017, 19(2): 16-20. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.003
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    With China’s economic and social developments, the demand for healthcare services has been increasing rapidly. Traditional Chinese medicine is a unique healthcare resource and an economic resource with great potential in China. The services provided by traditional Chinese medicine include health preservation, healthcare, medical treatment, rehabilitation, and so forth, while the core of traditional medicine is the supply of healthcare services based on traditional Chinese medicinal products. The modernization of traditional Chinese medicine will promote the quiet formation of a comprehensive healthcare industry based on traditional Chinese medicine. A comprehensive healthcare industry based on traditional Chinese medicine involves the cultivation, R&D, production, circulation, and sales of traditional Chinese medical products, which are part of a long industry chain that crosses both sectors and regions. A comprehensive healthcare industry that is based on traditional Chinese medicine has strong advantages that include the adjustment of industrial structures, the ability to increase farmer income and employment, service toward healthcare reform, benefits toward people’s livelihood, and ecological protection. This paper expounds the development situation of the comprehensive healthcare industry based on traditional Chinese medicine, analyzes existing problems and shortcomings, and proposes a strategic center, two strategic priorities, four developing directions, and six key initiatives.
  • A Development Strategy for China’s Healthcare Industry
    Han Demin, Lu Jiuxing, Li Xingming, Li Jian
    2017, 19(2): 21-28. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.004
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    In order to promote the development of China’s healthcare industry, the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) launched a major advisory implement the “Healthy China” strategy and project in 2015: the Research on the Development Strategy of China’s Healthcare Industry project. Since the start of the project, the project team has organized 28 academicians and more than 150 experts to conduct an extensive social investigation of a total of 12 cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and other first-, second-, and third-tier cities. Based on this investigation, this paper introduces the concept, implications, and development features of the domestic healthcare industry in China in order to investigate its development status. With the objective of establishing a comprehensive healthcare security system that includes full coverage and complete processes, this paper conducts an in-depth study of the positioning and development concepts of the healthcare industry and of the ideal healthcare modes for urban and rural areas. Next, in view of key problems such as health management system construction, healthcare for the aged, the combination of healthcare with medicine, health insurance, private medical institutions, and financial security for healthcare systems, this paper discusses the security measures that should be introduced in order to comply with the development strategy of China’s healthcare industry, and makes relevant suggestions.
  • Strategic Research on the Molecular Diagnostics Industry in China
    Xie Lan, Liu Ran, Feng Juan, Xing Wanli, Cheng Jing
    2017, 19(2): 29-36. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.005
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    Molecular diagnostics is an important part of personalized medicine and has become the main driving force of the in vitro diagnostics industry. In recent years, China’s molecular diagnostics industry has been growing rapidly, despite its small size. Based on literature research, expert interviews, and field investigation, we performed an intensive market analysis of the current situation of the domestic molecular diagnostics industry. The aim of this study is to explore the characteristics of the domestic molecular diagnostics industry; identify opportunities and challenges in innovation, industrial transformation, and related policies and regulations; and propose approaches to overcome existing constraints under the current administrative system. This analysis is of great significance for promoting the development of China’s molecular diagnostics industry.
  • A Study on the Development Strategy for the Prevention of Infectious Diseases in China
    Li Lanjuan, Zhang Boli, Xu Jianguo, Du Weibo, Xiao Yonghong, Ma Weihang, Zhang Jianzhong, Zhang Junhua
    2017, 19(2): 37-42. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.006
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    To promote and preserve social harmony, social stability, and sustainable economic development, it is essential to carry out a study on the current development strategy for the prevention of infectious diseases in China. It is also necessary to propose a regulatory system and a prevention-and-control research strategy for infectious diseases that are adaptable to China’s specific national conditions. This paper analyzes the epidemic situation and the prevention and control of infectious diseases in China, and systematically expounds the significance of carrying out a study on the development strategy for the prevention of infectious diseases. Using international experience as a reference, this paper proposes strategic measures and suggestions for a regulatory system and for prevention-and-control research into infectious diseases in China. This study is based on China’s achievements and challenges of the current system.
  • Collaborative Simulation and Modeling of a Regional Healthcare Group with Policy Suggestions
    Hu Yiqun, Su Qiang, Li Xiaoxue, Zheng Jingchen
    2017, 19(2): 43-49. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.007
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    In order to solve the problem of residents’ difficulties in affording expensive medical treatment, we build a community-hospital concept model of a secondary medical service system, and establish a function model and a referral mechanism for patients’ preferences. Taking Jiading District in Shanghai as an example, we make use of the AnyLogic system modeling software and demonstrate how this model can be used to study the effect of different medical cooperation modes and medical reform policies through the introduction of actual case data. Our results show that promoting the quality of primary medical care services and increasing the reimbursement ratio of medical insurance can effectively improve the efficiency of the whole medical service system.
  • National Health Education, Medical Education and Healthcare Legal System in China
    Liu Xiaoyun, Chang Chun, Hou Jianlin, Yang Jian, Tian Chuansheng, Ji Ying, Hu Dan, Meng Qingyue, Wang Longde
    2017, 19(2): 50-54. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.008
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    Although China has achieved great success in the reform of its medical system, it still faces great challenges in national health education, medical and healthcare talent cultivation, and healthcare legal system construction. This paper summarizes domestic and international experiences, analyzes the current situation and challenges, and makes policy recommendations to improve China’s national health education, medical and healthcare education, and healthcare legal system. These policy recommendations include: developing a compulsory national health education system, aligning medical education for healthcare talents with social needs, strengthening the cultivation of general practitioners, improving the service level and accessibility of primary medical care, and promoting the introduction of “Parent Law” into medicine and health. This paper also examines and analyzes existing medical and healthcare laws and regulations.
  • Establishing an Innovation-Oriented National Preventive Medicine System in China
    Xu Jianguo, Liu Kaitai, Chen Bowen, Jia Guang, Shao Ruitai, Yin Delu, Yin Jiyong, Xue Dongmei, Hu Guiping, Ma Jun, Sun Changhao, He Yanling, He Yao, Li Liping, Yang Kedi, Liang Hong, Guo Youde, Wen Chunmei, Han Biao, Wu Yangfeng, Dai Zheng
    2017, 19(2): 55-61. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.009
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    With China’s economic development and life-style changes, the spectrum of diseases and risk factors affecting our people’s health has drastically changed. The current systems, including health laws and decrees, education about clinical and preventive medicine, health services, disease prevention and control, and so forth, do not meet the real demands of the Chinese people’s health promotion and protection. In this article, we analyze China’s historical achievements, as well as current challenges and opportunities in healthcare policy formulation and implementation, and administrative strategy, and discuss how to establish an innovation-oriented national preventive medicine system in order to make efficient and ultimate use of limited resources to control the rapid increase in the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases, and to protect and promote maximum public health across the nation.
  • Concepts for the Construction of a New National Drug Service System
    Wang Jian, Yuan Chunping, Wang Hao, Zhang Zhirong, Zhang Qiang, Chen Guiliang, Liu Changxiao, Hou Huimin, Yang Shengli
    2017, 19(2): 62-67. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.010
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    Although the current drug service system can meet the fundamental needs of healthcare in China, outstanding issues exist in all service sectors, including research and development, manufacturing, marketing, and clinical use. Through a literature search, data queries, specialist consultation, and a panel discussion, this study investigated the current status of the drug service system and identified the main problems. We propose an idea for constructing a new national drug service system to provide drugs to the Chinese people that are of high quality, have a reliable therapeutic effect, come at a reasonable price, and exhibit good medical compliance, thus ensuring the efficacy, safety, availability, and reasonability of drugs for clinical use, as well as promoting a structural transformation of the pharmaceutical industry that will enable China to finally transition from a big country into a great power in the global pharmaceutical industry.
  • Research on the Development Strategy of Medical Devices and New Wearable Devices
    Cheng Jing, Xing Wanli
    2017, 19(2): 68-71. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.011
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    China is facing great difficulties and challenges in its quest to transition from the low end to the high end of the medical devices industry. In the burgeoning field of new wearable medical devices, we are encountering many more opportunities to catch up with the leaders in the field, although challenges still exist. The Chinese Academy of Engineering recently organized a major advisory project: the National Health and Medical & Health Industry Development Strategy. Research on the Development Strategies of Medical Devices and New Wearable Medical Devices is one of the eight key subjects in this project. As a result, this paper studies and systematically analyzes the subject of research into medical devices, and the requirements, characteristics, focus, and politics of this field have been assessed. This paper reports on the results of this project regarding research into medical devices and new wearable devices. This paper includes suggestions and proposals to clarify critical issues affecting the development of wearable medical devices.
  • Innovation System Construction for China’s Basic and Clinical Medicine
    Fu Lei, Yin Ling, Zhu Manlu, Ma Jie, Gao Runlin
    2017, 19(2): 72-78. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.012
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    This paper is a summary of the China’s Basic and Clinical Medicine Research & Innovation System, a subproject of the major advisory project titled the National Health and Medical & Health Industry Development Strategy that was launched by the Chinese Academy of Engineering. This paper conducted an in-depth analysis of the medical research management and system construction of major world powers and of the major obstacles that hinder innovation in China’s medical science and technology. It then put forward a list of suggestions that include strengthening the top-level design of medical research, restructuring the medical research system, increasing research funding, improving the evaluation system, integrating shared resources in medical science and technology, and accelerating the translation of medical research achievements.
  • Insights into Current Severe Problems with China’s Nursing System, and Construction Strategies
    Pi Hongying, Meng Wenwen, Zhang Jie, Zhi Chen, Zhao Ting
    2017, 19(2): 79-83. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.013
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    Based on a literature review, a questionnaire survey, and expert consultation, this paper provides insights into the severe problems that exist within China’s nursing system; analyzes these problems in terms of the allocation of nursing human resources, the development and construction of the nursing discipline, and nursing value realization; and sets forth countermeasures and suggestions. According to the analysis results, problems exist regarding the allocation of nursing human resources in China, and include the number of nurses, the educational background of nurses, the age structure of nurses, and the stability of the nurse workforce. Professional curriculum design, professional training modes, and financing investments reveal severe problems for the development and construction of the nursing discipline. Nursing services are low priced, nursing income is low, and the value of nursing is underestimated; these circumstances are key problems that hinder the development of the nursing profession. In view of these severe problems, this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for strengthening nursing team building, improving the quality of nursing services, accelerating nursing discipline construction and professional training, refining the pricing of nursing, and raising nurse treatment and construction strategies, with a view toward providing a basis for building a new nursing system.
  • Strategic Research on Carrying Forward an Innovative Health Service System for Traditional Chinese Medicine
    Dang Haixia, Zhang Junhua, Liu Baoyan, Li Zongyou, Su Qingmin, Xiao Mengxiong, Yang Yongsheng, Zhang Zedong, Zhang Boli
    2017, 19(2): 84-87. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.014
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    Based on literature analysis, expert interviews and field investigation, this paper systematically analyzed the current situation, problems in the development of Chinese medicine health service from pre-disease to after-disease. Moreover, following policy recommendations was put forward, including establishing management system suitable for development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to bring the health-care work of TCM forward, improving the standards and management system of Chinese medicine health services, broadening the service field and innovating service models to promote the development of health service of TCM and promoting the globalization of TCM to propagate Chinese traditional culture.
  • A Strategic Study on Health Economics Applied to Policymaking for the Prevention and Control of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases
    Gu Xuefei, Zhang Meili, Liu Xiaoqing, Li Tingting, Huang Xiao, Wang Chaoqun, Xu Nan, Xiang Guochun, Liu Kejun, Gao Runlin
    2017, 19(2): 88-94. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.015
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    In order to improve public health by more effectively curbing the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases, the Chinese Academy of Engineering organized a major advisory project in 2015: the Strategic Study on the Health Economics Applied to Policymaking for the Prevention and Control of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases. The study demonstrated health economics to be an important decision-making tool that may be applied to the prevention and control of chronic non-communicable diseases while they remain at a primary stage. However, a lack of understanding of the importance of health economics application and limitations in mastering and using the methods of health economics restrict the application of this tool in policymaking for the prevention and control of chronic non-communicable diseases. We suggest that multi-subject participation in health economics studies should be improved in future, big data related to health economics should be accumulated and applied to policymaking for the prevention and control of chronic non-communicable diseases, and the strategic framework of health economics should be developed and applied to policymaking for the prevention and control of chronic non-communicable diseases.
  • Strategic Research on the Industrial Development of Innovative Technology in Cell Technology-Related Regenerative Medicine in China
    Lu Shibi, Wu Zuze, Fu Xiaobing, Guo Quanyi, Cheng Jin, Zhao Shichong, Guo Weimin
    2017, 19(2): 95-99. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.016
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    The innovative medical technology industry of regenerative medicine has shown huge economic potential and development prospects both at home and abroad in the last decade. After describing the current situation of industrial development in innovative technology in cell-technology-related regenerative medicine, we investigate, sort, and analyze related policies and regulations, management systems, and existing problems in the United States, the European Union, Japan, Australia, and other developed countries. On this basis, we study the current development situation, governmental regulation policies, and management mechanism of this industry in China. Next, we analyze and summarize the industry development trend, characteristics, and existing problems. Finally, based on experts’ advice and opinions on breaking through the bottleneck of industrial development, we suggest that it is imperative for us to strive to develop the innovative technology industry of cell-technology-related regenerative medicine in China.
  • The Current Situation of China’s Ophthalmology and Visual Science Bioengineering, and a Development Strategy
    Xie Lixin, Zhou Qingjun, Xu Haifeng, Lin Ping
    2017, 19(2): 100-105. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.017
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    With the largest number of blind patient in the world, China is home to more than 12 million people who are blind. The most promising research direction in the bioengineering field for the treatment of blindness involves searching for bioengineering materials to restore visual function, particularly using stem cell and biochip technology. This paper introduces the development situation of China’s bioengineering research in ophthalmology and visual science, and analyzes the main problems affecting current bioengineering research in corneal and retinal areas. We also present strategies and recommendations for research and development directions, the approval system, achievement translation, and the construction of a research platform, based on the current situation in China.
  • The Status and Control Strategy of Bacterial Resistance in China
    Xia Zhaofan, Lv Kaiyang, Tang Chenqi, Li Junqiang
    2017, 19(2): 106-111. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.018
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    Bacterial resistance, a growing public concern worldwide, poses a threat to the health of humans, other animals, and the environment. This paper presents the status of bacterial resistance in various fields in China, analyzes the main cause of such resistance, and reveals the serious damage being caused to public health, food safety, the ecological environment, and economic development. We also summarize China’s actions in containing antimicrobial resistance, and this country’s main achievements. Finally, to address issues in bacterial resistance surveillance, antibiotics stewardship, hazard evaluation, and talent team building, this paper puts forward a national control strategy that calls for the collaborative effort of multiple disciplines.
  • A Study on the Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases Abroad
    Zhang Zhuqin, Liu Depei
    2017, 19(2): 112-116. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.019
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    Major chronic non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cancer, respiratory diseases, and diabetes, are prevalent in China and around the world, and pose significant health threats. In order to effectively prevent and control chronic diseases, enhance national health, and promote economic and social development, the Chinese Academy of Engineering launched a project in 2014: the International Comparative Study on the Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases. This project conducted a series of studies on the prevention and control of chronic diseases at home and abroad. Based on the project report, this paper describes the prevention and control of various chronic diseases, and compares the prevention and control systems of different countries. This paper then proposes measures and recommendations, with the goal of strengthening the prevention and control of chronic diseases in China.
  • Strategy and Measurement for Prevention and Control of Hypertension in Canada
    Sun Dianjun, Zhao Yashuang, Zhang Wei, Lv Yanjie, Tian Ye, Zhang Yong, Gao Yanhui, Li Xia, Fu Jinming, Yang Baofeng
    2017, 19(2): 117-121. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.020
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    Hypertension is a public health issue around the world. At present, Canada is one of the few countries that have achieved remarkable success in the prevention and control of hypertension. Canada has accumulated a considerable amount of advanced experience in the control of hypertension and in the implementation of effective measures against it. This article introduces the prevalence of hypertension in Canada and the development of control strategies and measures against hypertension in Canada, including the Canadian Hypertension Society, the Canadian Hypertensive Education Program, public policies, community interventions, and healthcare systems. We summarize these advanced experiences in order to provide a policy-making basis for the development of hypertension prevention and control in China.
  • Review on Biosurveillance and Early Warning Capabilities in the United States and Other Developed Countries
    Zheng Tao, Ye Lingling, Li Xiaoqian, Tian Deqiao, Cheng Jin, Zu Zhenghu, Xie Yinghua, Xu Jianguo, Xia Xianzhu, Shen Beifen
    2017, 19(2): 122-126. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.021
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    Surveillance and early warning are key parts of a country’s biosecurity capability. In this paper, we investigate the overall status of US and other countries’ research and development regarding their own capability for biosurveillance. We make several recommendations to strengthen biosurveillance capability in China, including strategic-planning formulation, mechanism reform, personnel training, and infrastructure platform construction. In addition, we comment on strengthening the supporting role of science and technology.