Soil nutrient levels are associated with suppression of banana Fusarium wilt disease

Highlights

● Disease-suppressive soils exhibit enhanced soil nutrient status.

● Soil available phosphorus is a distinct feature of disease-suppressive soil.

● Rhizosphere hosts heightened microbial function for disease suppression.

● The soil microbial role in disease suppression is linked to nutrient cycling.

Abstract

The role of soil nutrient status in disease suppression is of increasing interest for the control of soil-borne diseases. Here, we explored the soil chemical properties, composition, and functional traits of soil microbiomes in pair-located orchards that appeared suppressive or conducive to the occurrence of banana Fusarium wilt using mainly amplicon sequencing and metagenomic approaches. The enhancement of soil available phosphorus, succeeded by increments in soil nitrogen and carbon, played a pivotal role in the suppression of the disease. Additionally, in therhizosphere of suppressive sites, there was an observed increase in the disease-suppressing function of the soil microbiome, which was found to be correlated with specific nutrient-related functions. Notably, this enhancement involved the presence of key microbes such as Blastocatella and Bacillus. Our results highlight the significant roles of soil nutrient status and soil microbiome in supporting the soil-related disease suppressiveness.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

disease-suppressive soil / banana Panama disease / nutrient condition / soil microbiome / antagonistic genes

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Author contributions

Y. Cao performed all experiments; Y. Cao, Z. Shen, R. Li, and Q. Shen designed the study and wrote the majority of the manuscript; Y. Cao, Y. Ou, and Z. Shen analyzed the data; Y. Cao, C. Tao, Na Lv, and H. Liu participated in the design of the study, provided comments, and edited the manuscript. The authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Declaration of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Data availability

Raw amplicon sequencing data of bacteria and fungi was deposited at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) under the accession numbers PRJNA1062112 and PRJNA1062117. Raw metagenomic sequencing data was deposited at the NCBI under the accession number of PRJNA1043397.

Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42090065), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant Nos. QTPY2023003 and XUEKEN2023031), the Guidance Foundation of the Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University (Grant No. NAUSY-MS10) and the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 322MS092).

Electronic supplementary material

Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at https://doi.org/10.1007/s42832-024-0247-1 and is accessible for authorized users.

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