Distribution of antibiotic resistant bacteria in different soil types following manure application

Highlights

● ARB was investigated in different soil types following manure application.

● CTC-manure induced more resistance of soil indigenous microbes in fluvo-aquic soil.

● Lactobacillus , Dyella , Ralstonia , and Bacillus were the key different genera.

● Manure control is an effective way to reduce the risk of soil ARB.

Abstract

Swine manure, commonly applied as organic compost in agricultural fields, is an important reservoir of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB). Previous work indicated that manure application led to more antibiotic resistance genes in red soil compared with black soil and fluvo-aquic soil. Accordingly, the influencing mechanisms of soil types on the distribution of ARB was worthy of further exploration by a soil column experiment. The results showed that a higher shift in the operational taxonomic units and the community composition of chlortetracycline (CTC)-resistant bacteria (CRB) were observed in fluvo-aquic soil than in black and red soils. CTC induced antibiotic resistance development in soil indigenous microorganisms (Streptomyces, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Rhodococcus, and Paenibacillus), and the induction was most obvious in fluvo-aquic soil. Streptomyces was significantly positively correlated with pH and organic matter. Additionally, LEfSe analysis indicated that the key different genera were Microbacteriaceae (black soil), Lactobacillus, unclassified_c__Bacilli and Paenibacillus (fluvo-aquic soil), and Dyella, Ralstonia and Bacillus (red soil). It was concluded that manure application led to higher CRB risk in fluvo-aquic soil compared with black and red soils. Overall, appropriate methods according to soil types are important ways to reduce the risk of soil resistant bacteria during manure return.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

chlortetracycline-resistant bacteria (CRB) / soil types / manure application / fluvo-aquic soil / LEfSe analysis

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Acknowledgments

This research was funded by the Yangtze River Ecological Protection Project (2022-LHYJ-02-0304), the National Key Research and Development Program (2021YFC3201503), the Start-up Funds for Doctoral Research Projects of Jilin Normal University (0420221), the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of China (CAAS-CFSGLCA-IEDA-202302) and the Beijing Innovation Consortium of Livestock Research System (BAICO5-2022).

Declaration of competing interest

The authors declared that they have no known competing personal relationships or financial interests that could have appeared to affect the work reported in this paper.

Authors contribution

Tingting Song: Conceptualization, Writing original draft, Funding acquisition. Muhammad Fahad Sardar: Revised the original draft. Xuerong Wang: Data curation. Binxu Li: Methodology. Zhuoyi Zhang: Software. Dimei Wu: Visualization. Changxiong Zhu: Resource, Supervision, Project administration. Hongna Li: Funding acquisition, Validation, Review & editing.

Data availability

The data sets used or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Ethical declarations

The work was based on environmental samples from manure (swine composting). There are no ethical issues, therefore, Ethics approval is not required for this paper.

Electronic supplementary material

Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at https://doi.org/10.1007/s42832-023-0210-6 and is accessible for authorized users.

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