Microbial residues as the nexus transforming inorganic carbon to organic carbon in coastal saline soils

Highlights

• SIC was higher at a low salinity of<6‰, and declined with increased salinity.

• SOC and microbial residues exponentially decreased during increasing salinity.

• Microbial residues and SOC was tightly related to the variations in SIC.

• Microbial residues act as the proxy converting SIC to SOC in saline lands.

Abstract

Soil inorganic carbon (SIC), including mainly carbonate, is a key component of terrestrial soil C pool. Autotrophic microorganisms can assimilate carbonate as the main or unique C source, how microorganisms convert SIC to soil organic carbon (SOC) remains unclear. A systematic field survey (n = 94) was performed to evaluate the shift in soil C components (i.e., SIC, SOC, and microbial residues) along a natural salinity gradient (ranging from 0.5‰ to 19‰), and further to explore how microbial necromass as an indicator converting SIC into SOC in the Yellow River delta. We observed that SIC levels linearly decreased with increasing salinity, ranging from ~12 g kg⁻¹ (salinity<6‰) to ~10 g kg⁻¹ (salinity >6‰). Additionally, the concentrations of SOC and microbial residues exponentially decreased from salinity<6‰ to salinity >6‰, with the decline of 39% and 70%, respectively. Microbial residues and SOC was tightly related to the variations in SIC. The structural equation model showed the causality on explanation of SOC variations with SIC through microbial residues, which can contribute 89% of the variance in SOC storage combined with SIC. Taken together, these two statistical analyses can support that microbial residues can serve as an indicator of SIC transition to SOC. This study highlights the regulation of microbial residues in SIC cycling, enhancing the role of SIC playing in C biogeochemical cycles and enriching organic C reservoirs in coastal saline soils.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

Soil inorganic carbon / Microbial necromass / Soil organic carbon / Costal saline lands / Carbon sequestration

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41971119, 41871089), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2020QD004, ZR2019MD-024), the Youth Innovation and Technology Foundation of Shandong Higher Education Institutions (2019KJD010).

Electronic supplementary material

Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at https://doi.org/10.1007/s42832-021-0118-y and is accessible for authorized users.

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