One of the detrimental features of retinoblastoma is highly invasiveness of this type of cancer; the ability to metastasize into distal organs even in the early stages. This phenomenon highlights the importance of experiments targeting this characteristic to diminish the disquieting outcomes. In this study we assessed the impact of hypericin, and resveratrol (two main herbal extracts with known anti-cancer properties on the important metastasis/cancer progression pathways in Y79 retinoblastoma cell line). MTT assay performed for 24 and 48 h, and the kind of cell death, investigated by Annexin V/PI flowcytometry. Finally, the expression of important metastatic/apoptotic genes assessed in different samples by the aid of real-time PCR. The 24 and 48 h IC50 for resveratrol, and hypericin was about 10.87 and 7.697, 2.267, and 1.732 μg/mL, respectively. Flowcytometry results revealed that the kind cell death after treatment of Y79 cell with both compounds was mostly apoptosis. Both compounds induced up-regulation of E-cad, and down-regulation of N-cad, and Gal-3; furthermore, BAX/BCL-2 ratio increased significantly in cells treated with hypericin. Hypericin seems to exert more cytotoxicity effect on Y79 cells compared with resveratrol. As both compounds enhanced the expression of the E-cadherin, along with the decreasing the galectin-3, they can be proposed as beneficial accompanying reagents in cancer immunotherapy.

Gastrointestinal tract cancer is among the most common types of cancer and includes colorectal cancer (CRC) and gastric cancer (GC). Early tumor detection has been shown to reduce cancer-associated mortality, emphasizing the significance of regular screening. In this regard, blood-based tumor markers have gained popularity in cancer management. The purpose of this research was to examine the potential association between serum p53 antibodies and malignant tumors. A case–control study was conducted, including 37 GC samples, 53 CRC samples, and 62 healthy control samples. Serum levels of p53 antibodies were assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results showed that the concentration of anti-p53 antibodies in GC samples was 2.35 ng/mL, significantly (p-value <.001) lower than the 9.24 ng/mL observed in the healthy control group. Similarly, the concentration of anti-p53 antibodies in CRC samples was 4.14 ng/mL, which was significantly lower than the 9.31 ng/mL found in the healthy control group (p-value <.001). These findings strongly suggest an association between the level of serum p53 antibodies and an elevated risk of cancer, implying their potential role as an early serological marker for the diagnosis of malignant tumors. However, it is important to note that measuring anti-p53 antibodies alone may not be clinically effective in distinguishing CRC and/or GC from healthy controls. Further research and a comprehensive approach would be necessary for more accurate diagnostic outcomes.

This study aimed to identify self-advocacy subgroups of female breast cancer chemotherapy patients and to explore the sociodemographic variables of each subgroup and to determine the relationship between self-advocacy and unmet needs for cancer in different subgroups. A total of 437 female breast cancer patients completed the General Sociodemographic Form, Self-Advocacy Scale, and Cancer Unmet Needs Scale. Latent profile analysis was applied to explore self-advocacy subgroups. Socio-demographic variables in each group were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression, and ANOVA was used to explore the relationship between each subgroup and unmet need for cancer. The most appropriate is a 3-class model: advocacy potential group, advocacy balance group, and advocacy maturity and stability group. Age, BMI, marital status, residence, mode of health insurance, average monthly household income, and TCM constitution affect the distribution of self-advocacy. Female breast cancer chemotherapy patients are heterogeneous in their level of self-advocacy. It is recommended that healthcare professionals screen multiple levels and types of patients early and provide categorical interventions focusing on age, TCM constitution, and needs.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of family synchronous empowerment education on the caregiving ability and preparedness of primary caregivers, as well as the nutritional status and quality of life of patients who have undergone esophagectomy. A total of 102 patients who were treated with thoracoscopic radical resection for esophageal cancer and their primary caregivers from August 2023 to March 2024 were selected and evenly divided into a control group and an intervention group, with 51 cases in each group. The control group received standard nursing education, whereas the intervention group received additional family synchronous empowerment education. Both the preparedness and ability of the primary caregivers to provide care, as well as the nutritional status and quality of life of the patients, were assessed at admission and 1 month post-discharge. Post-intervention, the intervention group's primary caregivers demonstrated significantly improved caregiving ability and preparedness compared to the control group (p < .05). Similarly, patients in the intervention group exhibited significantly better nutritional status and quality of life than those in the control group (p < .05). The study concluded that the implementation of family synchronous empowerment education significantly enhances the caregiving ability and preparedness of primary caregivers and improves the nutritional status and quality of life in patients after esophagectomy.

Objective: This study aims to construct a clinical risk profile nomogram model for predicting early shoulder joint dysfunction (SJD) after breast cancer surgery.

Methods: Using a convenience sampling method, the clinical data of 161 breast cancer patients between February 2022 and July 2023 at Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were selected and analyzed retrospectively. Risk factors were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. The R software was used to construct the risk prediction model and to plot the nomogram for early SJD post-breast cancer surgery. The model's predictive performance was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the Hosmer–Lemeshow test.

Results: Among the 161 patients, 104 (64.6%) experienced SJD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis finally included the functional exercise compliance scale for postoperative breast cancer patients (FECSPBCP), the compliance scale of physical exercise, the body mass index of patients, involved side to-hand dominance, and the operation mode of breast and lymph nodes into the model. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.785 (95% confidence interval: 0.711–0.860), indicating a good model fit as confirmed by the Hosmer–Lemeshow test (X² = 3.2891, p = .9149). Internal validation using the Bootstrap resampling method (n = 1000) yielded an AUC of 0.731.

Conclusions: The incidence of early SJD was high among postoperative breast cancer patients. The constructed risk prediction model can assist medical professionals in the early identification of high-risk individuals and provide targeted interventions to prevent long-term disabilities.