REVIEW

Islet organoid as a promising model for diabetes

  • Xiaofei Zhang 1,2 ,
  • Zhuo Ma 1,3 ,
  • Eli Song , 1,3 ,
  • Tao Xu , 1,3,4
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  • 1. National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
  • 2. Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
  • 3. College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • 4. Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (Bioland Laboratory), Guangzhou 510005, China

Received date: 16 Jul 2020

Accepted date: 22 Jan 2021

Published date: 15 Apr 2022

Copyright

2021 The Author(s)

Abstract

Studies on diabetes have long been hampered by a lack of authentic disease models that, ideally, should be unlimited and able to recapitulate the abnormalities involved in the development, structure, and function of human pancreatic islets under pathological conditions. Stem cell-based islet organoids faithfully recapitulate islet development invitroand provide large amounts of three-dimensional functional islet biomimetic materials with a morphological structure and cellular composition similar to those of native islets. Thus, islet organoids hold great promise for modeling islet development and function, deciphering the mechanisms underlying the onset of diabetes, providing an invitrohuman organ model for infection of viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, and contributing to drug screening and autologous islet transplantation. However, the currently established islet organoids are generally immature compared with native islets, and further efforts should be made to improve the heterogeneity and functionality of islet organoids, making it an authentic and informative disease model for diabetes. Here, we review the advances and challenges in the generation of islet organoids, focusing on human pluripotent stem cell-derived islet organoids, and the potential applications of islet organoids as disease models and regenerative therapies for diabetes.

Cite this article

Xiaofei Zhang , Zhuo Ma , Eli Song , Tao Xu . Islet organoid as a promising model for diabetes[J]. Protein & Cell, 2022 , 13(4) : 239 -257 . DOI: 10.1007/s13238-021-00831-0

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