A review on Mg-based metallic glasses for biomedical scaffolds: experimental and computational modeling

Abstract

Magnesium (Mg)-based metallic glasses have emerged as a promising class of biomaterials for various biomedical applications due to their unique properties, such as high strength-to-weight ratio, good biocompatibility and biodegradability. The development of Mg-based metallic glass scaffolds is of particular interest for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. However, the rate of biodegradability of the materials is not well controlled and requires extensive research for efficient tissue/bone regeneration. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in the development of Mg-based metallic glass scaffolds and their tuneable biodegradability with different compositions and thin film coatings. It discusses the structural and biological properties, mechanical and biodegradation behavior, and various fabrication techniques employed to produce Mg-based bulk metallic glass scaffolds. Furthermore, the review explores surface modification of permanent implants with Mg-based thin film biodegradable metallic glasses to simulate tissue regeneration on the implants. Optimization of scaffold design to increase tissue growth and healing by understanding the complex interactions between the scaffold and biological tissues and predicting the long-term implant behavior using computational models are reviewed. The challenges and future research directions in this field are also discussed, providing insights into the potential of Mg-based metallic glass scaffolds for various biomedical applications, including bone tissue engineering, wound healing, and cardiovascular implants.

Keywords

Metallic glasses / Mg-based metallic glasses / biocompatible / biodegradation / scaffolds / bone and tissue regeneration

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