Uncovering novel species and bioactive compounds from psychrophilic actinobacteria: A concise review

Abstract

The cold environments serve as life-entrapping reservoirs of diverse life forms, ranging from eukaryotes to diverse microbial inoculi. Actinobacteria are omnipresent in cold environments, and their existence is notably linked to a remarkable potential for producing and harboring unique metabolites. Their ability to survive in such extreme conditions is supported by a range of adaptations tailored to their specific niche, including cold-resistant traits. In this review, we summarize recent advances (2017–2025) regarding psychrophilic actinobacteria, focusing on newly identified species and novel compounds reported in the literature. Notably, we highlight the discovery of 44 new species as well as nine new compounds across various actinobacteria genera. The inventory of abiotic hurdles associated with cold environments positions this field as a potential hotspot and emerging frontier for sourcing pharmaceutical-like compounds of exceptional ingenuity and complexity. By providing an overview of the recent discoveries in psychrophilic actinobacteria and their intriguing metabolites, this review aims to offer valuable insights to facilitate bioprospecting efforts in cold ecosystems.

Keywords

Psychrophilic actinobacteria / Cold environments / Multidrug resistance / Bioactive compounds

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