Chronic insomnia disorder (CID) is a relatively common clinical sleep disorder, which is essentially characterized by dissatisfaction with sleep due to frequent and persistent difficulties in falling asleep or maintaining sleep. The etiology and pathogenesis of CID are not fully understood. In the past decades, medical research has explored the interrelationship between cytokines (CKs) and sleep disorders, and this paper reviews the correlation between CID and inflammatory factors in the context of domestic and international research on the subject.

Depression is a common mental disorder with low mood, loss of interest and pleasure as main symptoms. Because of depending on the subjective diagnosis of psychiatrists, its diagnosis is no reliable objective basis. P300 research findings can be used as an objective diagnostic indicator for patients. This paper mainly introduces the current research status of event-related potentials for depression and introduces the scientific research and clinical significance of P300 for depression.

Objective: to explore brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) messenger in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with depressive episodes before and after anti-depressant treatment changes in RNA (mRNA) expression levels. Methods: fifteen patients hospitalized with depression in the Affiliated Mental Hospital of Kunming Medical University from December 2021 to June 2022 were collected as research objects. After 4 weeks of anti-depressant treatment, BDNF mRNA and MMP9 mRNA in patients with depression were detected before and after treatment, and statistically analyzed. Results: after 4 weeks of antidepressant treatment, there was no significant difference in BDNF mRNA expression level after treatment compared with before treatment (P>0.05). The mRNA level of MMP9 was higher than that before treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: antidepressant therapy increases the expression of MMP9 mRNA, increasing the conversion of BDNF precursor (proBDNF) to mature for BDNF (mBDNF) to relieve depressive symptoms, and the total content of BDNF did not change significantly.

Clozapine has been recognized as the best drug for the treatment of refractory schizophrenia, but its clinical use is very cautious. Clozapine has many side effects, among which agranulocytosis is fatal. And it often causes glucose intolerance, leading to type 2 diabetes. The treatment plan for elevated blood glucose in clozapine patients is still unclear. This paper will report one case of glucose intolerance caused by clozapine and its alternative treatment, and discuss the treatment plan.