Leaching Law of Ferrous Extraction Tailing of Nickel Slag-ordinary Portland Cement Composite Cementitious System under Different Influencing Factors

Abstract

In order to explore the leaching law of different elements in the composite cementitious system composed of ferrous extraction tailing of nickel slag (FETNS) and ordinary Portland cement (OPC), element leaching test under different influencing factors was designed with the aid of ICP-OES, XRD, and SEM-EDS. The experimental results show that, with the extension of leaching time, the continuous hydration reaction in the system enables the leaching amount of Si, Al, Mg, and Ca elements to show an overall downward trend. In the alkaline environment, the more sufficient hydration reaction consumes more soluble elements, resulting in a significantly smaller leaching amount than that in the neutral environment. Temperature is also an important factor affecting the leaching of elements. The rise of temperature promotes the dissolution of amorphous phases Si, Al, and Mg in the system, leading to increased leaching amount and higher consumption of C₂S and C₃S, generating more reaction products. In addition, the content and fineness of FETNS also have a significant effect on the element leaching of the composite cementitious system. More importantly, this paper clarifies the leaching safety of internal heavy metal elements when FETNS is used under the above conditions, which provides a scientific guarantee for the safe and efficient application of FETNS in building materials.

Keywords

ferrous extraction tailing of nickel slag / composite cementitious system / element leaching

References

[1] BouasriaM, KhadraouiF, BenzaamaMH, et al.. Partial Substitution of Cement by the Association of Ferronickel Slags and Crepidula Fornicata Shells[J]. Journal of Building Engineering, 2021, 33101 587

[2] WangY, WangW, MaM, et al.. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Activated High-alumina Ferronickel Slag with Carbide Slag and Alkaline Salts[J]. Journal of Building Engineering, 2022, 49104 046

[3] ChenY, JiT, YangZ, et al.. Sustainable Use of Ferronickel Slag in Cementitious Composites and the Effect on Chloride Penetration Resistance[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2020, 240117 969

[4] SahaAK, KhanMNN, SarkerPK. Value Added Utilization of By-product Electric Furnace Ferronickel Slag as Construction Materials: A Review[J]. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2018, 134: 10-24

[5] LiXM, ShenM, WangC, et al.. Current Situation and Development of Comprehensive Utilization of Nickel Slag[J]. Materials Review, 2017, 31(5): 100-105

[6] YangT, YaoX, ZhangZ. Geopolymer Prepared with High-magnesium Nickel Slag: Characterization of Properties and Microstructure[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2014, 59: 188-194

[7] HanC, HongYC. Adverse Health Effects of Ferronickel Manufacturing Factory on Local Residents: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis[J]. Environment International, 2018, 114: 288-296

[8] SunZ, WuY, XieH, et al.. Feasibility of High-magnesium Nickel Slag-Fly Ash as Precursor of Magnesium Phosphate Cement and Its Hydration Mechanism[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2023, 401132 880

[9] DuanX, LuS, YangJ, et al.. Study on the Synergistic Mechanism of Sulfuric Acid and Ammonium Sulfate on the Extraction of Metals from Ferronickel Slag by Roasting[J]. Minerals Engineering, 2023, 202108 300

[10] ZulhanZ, AgustinaN. A Novel Utilization of Ferronickel Slag as a Source of Magnesium Metal and Ferroalloy Production[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021, 292125 307

[11] ZhaoJ, HuQ, LuX, et al.. Effect of Additives on Growth of Ferronickel Grains and Metal-slag Separation Behavior[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2022, 32(10): 3 459-3 468

[12] PengZ, FanW, TangH, et al.. Direct Conversion of Blast Furnace Ferronickel Slag to Thermal Insulation Materials[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2024, 412134 499

[13] TangH, PengZ, ShangW, et al.. Preparation of Refractory Materials from Electric Furnace Ferronickel Slag and Blast Furnace Ferronickel Slag: A Comparison[J]. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2022, 103107 929

[14] KimY, KimM, SohnJ, et al.. Applicability of Gold Tailings, Waste Limestone, Red Mud, and Ferronickel Slag for Producing Glass Fibers[J]. Journal of cleaner production, 2018, 203: 957-965

[15] WangY, HuY, HeX, et al.. Hydration and Compressive Strength of Supersulfated Cement with Low-activity High Alumina Ferronickel slag[J]. Cement and Concrete Composites, 2023, 136104 892

[16] XuL, ChenJ, ChenH Y, et al.. Cyclic Performance of Recycled Aggregate with Ferronickel Slag Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Columns[C]. Structures. Elsevier, 2024, 60105 947

[17] ShanY, ZhuangS, ZhouY. Value-added Utilization of Ultrafine Ferronickel Slag as a Novel Type of High-quality Mineral Admixture: A Feasibility Study[J]. Journal of Building Engineering, 2023, 79107 925

[18] HanF, ZhangH, LiY, et al.. Recycling and Comprehensive Utilization of Ferronickel Slag in Concrete[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2023, 414137 633

[19] NuruzzamanM, AhmadT, SarkerPK, et al.. Rheological Behaviour, Hydration, and Microstructure of Self-compacting Concrete Incorporating Ground Ferronickel Slag as Partial Cement Replacement[J]. Journal of Building Engineering, 2023, 68106 127

[20] NdahirwaD, ZmamouH, LenormandH, et al.. The Role of Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Hydration, Durability and Shrinkage of Cement-Based Materials, their Environmental and Economic Benefits: A review[J]. Cleaner Materials, 2022, 5100 123

[21] DingaCD, WenZ. China’s Green Deal: Can China’s Cement Industry Achieve Carbon Neutral Emissions by 2060?[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2022, 155111 931

[22] SkibstedJ, SnellingsR. Reactivity of Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) in Cement Blends[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2019, 124105 799

[23] LiH, PengY, XuM, et al.. Use of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash as a Supplementary Cementitious Material: CO₂ Mineralization Coupled with Mechanochemical Pretreatment[J]. Environmental Research, 2024, 242117 799

[24] VerianKP, BehnoodA. Effects of Deicers on the Performance of Concrete Pavements Containing Air-cooled Blast Furnace Slag and Supplementary Cementitious Materials[J]. Cement and Concrete Composites, 2018, 90: 27-41

[25] PatangiaJ, SaravananTJ, KabeerKI, et al.. Study on the Utilization of Red Mud (Bauxite Waste) as a Supplementary Cementitious Material: Pathway to Attaining Sustainable Development Goals[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2023, 375131 005

[26] HuY, RenX, YeJ, et al.. Performance of a Steel Slag-based Supplementary Cementitious Material via the Synergistic Modification of Binary Fly Ash and Gypsum System[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2023, 405133 186

[27] FuY, QiaoH, FengQ, et al.. Self-stabilisation of High-temperature Calcined Electrolytic Manganese Residue in Mortar[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2023, 386131 460

[28] SongQ, GuoMZ, LingTC. A Review of Elevated-temperature Properties of Alternative Binders: Supplementary Cementitious Materials and Alkali-Activated Materials[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2022, 341127 894

[29] NikolićI, DrinčićA, DjurovićD, et al.. Kinetics of Electric Arc Furnace Slag Leaching in Alkaline Solutions[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2016, 108: 1-9

[30] CristeloN, TavaresP, LucasE, et al.. Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment of the Amorphous Phase of a Class F Fly Ash Dissolved during Alkali Activation Reactions-Effect of Mechanical Activation, Solution Concentration and Temperature[J]. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2016, 103: 1-14

[31] GranizoN, PalomoA, Fernandez-JiménezA. Effect of Temperature and Alkaline Concentration on Metakaolin Leaching Kinetics[J]. Ceramics International, 2014, 40(7): 8 975-8 985

[32] LiZ, ZhaoS, ZhaoX, et al.. Selective Dissolution and Cementitious Property Evaluation of Converter Steel Slag[J]. Materials and structures, 2013, 46: 327-336

[33] WangQ, KangS, WuL, et al.. Molecular Simulation of NASH and CASH in Geopolymer Cementitious System[J]. Journal of Building Materials, 2020, 23(01): 184-191

[34] CaoR, JiaZ, ZhangZ, et al.. Leaching Kinetics and Reactivity Evaluation of Ferronickel Slag in Alkaline Conditions[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2020, 137106 202

[35] Bhagath SinghGVP, SubrahmanyamC, SubramaniamKVL. Dissolution of the Glassy Phase in Low-calcium Fly Ash during Alkaline Activation[J]. Advances in Cement Research, 2018, 30(7): 313-322

[36] KayaliO, KhanMSH, AhmedMS. The Role of Hydrotalcite in Chloride Binding and Corrosion Protection in Concretes with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag[J]. Cement and Concrete Composites, 2012, 34(8): 936-945

[37] LiBL, WangS, PanD, et al.. Hydration Products and Mechanical Properties of Ferronickel Slag Blended Cement Mortar under Xteam Curing[J]. J. Chin Ceramic Soc., 2019, 47(07): 891-899

[38] WangD, WangQ, ZhuangS, et al.. Evaluation of Alkali-activated Blast Furnace Ferronickel Slag as a Cementitious Material: Reaction Mechanism, Engineering Properties and Leaching Behaviors[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2018, 188: 860-873

[39] YanningS, QiongF, HongxiaQ, et al.. Study on Mechanically Activated Ferrous Extraction Tailing of Nickel Slag as Cementitious Materials: Physical and Chemical Properties, Mechanical Properties and Reaction Mechanism[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2024, 422135 748

[40] OuL, ZhuH, XuY, et al.. Gray Correlation Entropy Analysis of Zero Shear Viscosity and High-temperature Rheological Parameters of Phosphogypsum-modified Asphalt[J]. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 2022, 17e01448

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Wuhan University of Technology and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, Part of Springer Nature