Strength, Self-flowing, and Multi-objective Optimization of Cemented Paste Backfill Materials Base on RSM-DF

Abstract

The multi-objective optimization of backfill effect based on response surface methodology and desirability function (RSM-DF) was conducted. Firstly, the test results show that the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) increases with cement sand ratio (CSR), slurry concentration (SC), and curing age (CA), while flow resistance (FR) increases with SC and backfill flow rate (BFR), and decreases with CSR. Then the regression models of UCS and FR as response values were established through RSM. Multi-factor interaction found that CSR-CA impacted UCS most, while SC-BFR impacted FR most. By introducing the desirability function, the optimal backfill parameters were obtained based on RSM-DF (CSR is 1:6.25, SC is 69%, CA is 11.5 d, and BFR is 90 m³/h), showing close results of Design Expert and high reliability for optimization. For a copper mine in China, RSM-DF optimization will reduce cement consumption by 4 758 t per year, increase tailings consumption by about 6 700 t, and reduce CO₂ emission by about 4 758 t. Thus, RSM-DF provides a new approach for backfill parameters optimization, which has important theoretical and practical values.

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