Utilization of Basalt Saw Mud as a Spherical Porous Functional Aggregate for the Preparation of Ordinary Structure Concrete

Abstract

To promote the production and application of artificial aggregates, save natural sand resources and protect the ecological environment, we evaluated the feasibility of using spherical porous functional aggregates (SPFAs) formed by basalt saw mud under autoclave curing in ordinary structural concrete. In our work, two types of prewetted functional aggregates were taken as replacements for natural aggregates with different volume substitution rates (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%) in the preparation of ordinary structural concrete with water-to-binder ratios (W/B) of 0.48 and 0.33. The effects of the functional aggregate properties and content, W/B, and curing age on the fluidity, density, mechanical properties and autogenous shrinkage of ordinary concrete were analyzed. The experimental results showed that the density of concrete declined at a rate of not more than 5%, and the 28 d compressive strength could reach 31.0–68.2 MPa. Low W/B, long curing age and high-quality functional aggregates were conducive to enhancing the mechanical properties of SPFAs concrete. Through the rolling effects, SPFAs can optimize the particle gradation of aggregate systems and improve the fluidity of concrete, and the water stored inside SPFAs provides an internal curing effect, which prolongs the cement hydration process and considerably reduces the autogenous shrinkage of concrete. SPFAs exhibits high strength and high density, as well as being more cost-effective and ecological, and is expected to be widely employed in ordinary structural concrete.

Keywords

lightweight concrete / civil concrete building / basalt saw mud / fly ash / internal curing / environmentally friendly

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