NaOH and Ba(OH)₂ Compound Catalyzed Phenol-Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Copolycondensation Resin Adhesive for Recombined Bamboo

Abstract

In order to reduce the curing temperature, shorten the curing time of phenol- formaldehyde (PF) resin adhesive, and ensure the good water-solubility, NaOH and Ba(OH)₂ were used as compound catalysts. The influences of the adding time of Ba(OH)₂, the adding amount of NaOH, Ba(OH)₂ and resorcinol on the properties of adhesives were studied. The properties of NaOH catalyzed phenol-formaldehyde (PF) adhesive, NaOH and Ba(OH)₂ compound catalyzed PF adhesive, NaOH and Ba(OH)₂ compound catalyzed phenol-resorcinol-formaldehyde (PRF) adhesive, and the prepared recombinant bamboo with three kinds of adhesives were compared. The experimental results show that NaOH and Ba(OH)₂ compound catalyst not only shortens the curing time of PF adhesive, but also guarantees the suitable water solubility of adhesive. After copolycondensation with resorcinol, the curing time of adhesive is further shortened, the water solubility is improved obviously, and the highest bonding strength is obtained. Infrared spectrum analysis shows that the reaction activity point of NaOH and Ba(OH)₂ compound catalyzed PRF adhesive will increase, so that both the curing temperature and curing enthalpy decrease.

Keywords

phenol-formaldehyde resin / NaOH / Ba(OH)₂ / compound catalytic / resorcinol / recombined bamboo

References

[1] Wang J, Jiang H, Jiang N. Study on the Pyrolysis of Phenol–formaldehyde (PF) Resin and Modified PF Resin[J]. Thermochim. Acta., 2009, 496: 136-142.

[2] Jin Y, Cheng X, Zheng Z. Preparation and Characterization of Phenol–formaldehyde Adhesives Modified with Enzymatic Hydrolysis Lignin[J]. Bioresource. Technol., 2010, 101: 2 046-2 048.

[3] Sernek M, Kamke FA. Application of Dielectric Analysis for Monitoring the Cure Process of Phenol Formaldehyde Adhesive[J]. Int. J. Adhes. Adhes., 2007, 27: 562-567.

[4] Zhao Y, Yan N, Feng MW. Biobased Phenol Formaldehyde Resins Derived from Beetle–infested Pine Barks Structure and Composition[J]. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng., 2012, 1: 91-101.

[5] He L, Han R, Zhang Y. Cure Characteristics of Phenol–formaldehyde Resin Catalyzed with Ba (OH)2[J]. J. Adhes. Sci. Technol., 2009, 23: 1639-1645.

[6] Fraser DA, Hall RW, Raum A. Preparation of High–ortho’novolak Resins. III. The Use of Substituted Phenols[J]. J. Appl. Chem., 1958, 8: 478-485.

[7] Zhang Y, Zhang Y, He L, et al. Cure rate of Phenol–formaldehyde (PF) Resol Resins Catalyzed with MgO[J]. J. Adhes. Sci. Technol., 2007, 21: 833-839.

[8] Park BD, Riedl B, Kim Y S, et al. Effect of Synthesis Parameters on Thermal Behavior of Phenol–formaldehyde Resol Resin[J]. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2002, 83: 1 415-1 424.

[9] Gao P, Zhang Y, Huang G, et al. The Variation of Composition of Resols under Different Reaction Conditions[J]. J. Macromol. Sci. A., 2010, 48: 142-147.

[10] He J L, Han R L, Zhang Y F. Cure Characteristics of Phenol–formaldehyde Resin Catalyzed with Ba(OH)2[J]. J. Adhes. Sci. Technol., 2009, 23: 1 639-1 645.

[11] Wang J, Zhang YF. Chemical Structure and Curing Characteristics of Phenol Formaldehyde Resins Catalyzed with Calcium Oxide[J]. Polym.–Plast. Technol. Eng., 2012, 51: 1 213-1 217.

[12] Jiang H, Kamdem DP. Differential Scanning Calorimetry Characterization of the Cure of Phenol–formaldehyde Adhesive in the Presence of Copper–based Preservative Treated Wood[J]. Wood. Sci. Technol., 2007, 41: 637-644.