Self-regulating Humidity Activated Carbon Material Prepared from Bamboo for the Room

Abstract

A self-regulating humidity material with bamboo for the room was prepared. The activated carbons were prepared with the temperature rising rates of 5, 10, 15, 20 °C/min and constant temperatures of 600, 700, 800, 900, 1 000, 1 100, 1 200, 1 300, 1 400, and 1 500 °C for 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 6 h, respectively. And then their structures such as specific surface areas, volumes of pores from 3.7-7.1 nm and average pore diameters were tested. Various humidity conditions were simulated and their self-regulating humidity properties such as absorption/desorption contents, rates and stabilities were evaluated. The results show that the specific surface area, volume of pores from 3.7-7.1 nm and average pore diameter of activated carbon are closely nonlinearly related to the temperature rising rate, temperature and holding time. In general, the activated carbon prepared with the temperature rising rate of 5 °C/min and kept at 1 100 °C for 2 h has the highest absorption/ desorption content and rate, the lowest decay factor and then the best stability at all humidity for the fact that it is provided with proper average pore diameter, higher specific surface area and volume of pores from 3.7-7.1 nm. The activated carbons can be prepared with the temperature rising rate of 5 °C/min and kept at 1000, 900, 1 200, 1 300, 1 400, 1 500, 800, 700, and 600 °C respectively for 2 h. These resulted properties are attributed to their different average pore diameters and volumes of pores from 3.7-7.1 nm.

Keywords

self-regulating material / bamboo / pore structure / absorption/desorption property

References

[1] Rao Z, Wang S, Zhang Z. Energy Saving Latent Heat Storage and Environmental Friendly Humidity–Controlled Materials for Indoor Climate[ J]. Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 2012, 16(5): 3 136-3 145.

[2] Vellei M, Herrera M, Pando DFD, et al. The Influence of Relative Humidity on Adaptive Thermal Comfort[J]. Building & Environment, 2017, 124: 171-185.

[3] Laohhasurayotin K, Pookboonmee S. Multifunctional Properties of Ag/TiO2/Bamboo Charcoal Composites: Preparation and Examination Through Several Characterization Methods[J]. Appl. Surf. Sc., 2013, 282(11): 236-244.

[4] Zhou C, Zhan Y, Chen S, et al. Combined Effects of Temperature and Humidity on Indoor Vocs Pollution: Intercity Comparison[J]. Build. Environ., 2017, 121: 26-34.

[5] Zhang H, Yoshino H. Analysis of Indoor Humidity Environment in Chinese Residential Buildings[J]. Build. Environ., 2010, 45(10): 2 132-2 140.

[6] Huang H, Gao X, Li L, et al. Improvement Effect of Steel Fiber Orientation Control on Mechanical Performance of UHPC[J]. Constr. Build. Mater., 2018, 188: 709-721.

[7] Lan H, Jing Z, Li J, et al. Influence of Pore Dimensions of Materials on Humidity Self–Regulating Performances[J]. Mater. Lett., 2017, 204: 23-26.

[8] Ohashi F, Maeda M, Inukai K, et al. Study on Intelligent Humidity Control Materials: Water Vapor Adsorption Properties of Mesostructured Silica Derived From Amorphous Fumed Silica[J]. J. Mater. Sci., 1999, 34(6): 1341-1346.

[9] Tomita Y, Takahashi R, Sato S, et al. Humidity Control Ability of Silica with Bimodal Pore Structures Prepared from Water Glass[J]. J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn, 2004, 112(1309): 491-495.

[10] Caturla F, Molina–Sabio M, Rodriguez–Reinoso F. Adsorption–Desorption of Water Vapor by Natural and Heat–Treated Sepiolite in Ambient Air[J]. Appl. Clay Sci., 1999, 15(3–4): 367-380.

[11] Zou F, Tan H, Guo Y, et al. Effect of Sodium Gluconate on Dispersion of Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer with Different Grafting Density in side Chain[J]. J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 2017, 55: 91-100.

[12] Vu DH, Wang KS, Bac BH, et al. Humidity Control Materials Prepared from Diatomite and Volcanic Ash[J]. Constr. Build.Mater., 2013, 38(8): 1 066-1 072.

[13] Vu DH, Wang KS, Bac BH. Humidity Control Porous Ceramics Prepared from Waste and Porous Materials[J]. Mater. Lett., 2011, 65(6): 940-943.

[14] Maeda M, Suzuki S, Tomura S, et al. Preparation of Porous Fired Bodies from Mesoporous Powders by Selective Leaching Method and Their Humidity Conditioning Property[J]. J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn, 2002, 110(1278): 121-125.

[15] Wang FY, Wang H, Ma JW. Adsorption of Cadmium (II) Ions from Aqueous Solution by A New Low–Cost Adsorbent–Bamboo Charcoal. [J]. J. Hazard. Mater., 2010, 177(1–3): 300-306.

[16] Tausif M, Ahmad F, Hussain U, et al. A Comparative Study of Mechanical and Comfort Properties of Bamboo Viscose as an Eco–Friendly Alternative to Conventional Cotton Fibre in Polyester Blended Knitted Fabrics[J]. J. Clean. Prod., 2015, 89: 110-115.

[17] Escamilla EZ, Habert G. Environmental Impacts of Bamboo–Based Construction Materials Representing Global Production Diversity[J]. J. Clean. Prod., 2014, 69(8): 117-127.

[18] Yang CS, Yun SJ, Jeong HK. Bamboo–Based Activated Carbon for Supercapacitor Applications[J]. Curr. Appl. Phys., 2014, 14(12): 1 616-1 620.

[19] Fujishige M, Yoshida I, Toya Y, et al. Preparation of Activated Carbon from Bamboo–Cellulose Fiber and its Use for EDLC Electrode Material[ J]. J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 2017, 5(2): 1 801-1 808.

[20] Nitayaphat W, Jintakosol T. Removal of Silver(I) from Aqueous Solutions by Chitosan/Bamboo Charcoal Composite Beads[J]. J. Clean. Prod., 2015, 87: 850-855.

[21] Lv D, Liu Y, Zhou J, et al. Application of EDTA–Functionalized Bamboo Activated Carbon (BAC) for Pb(II) and Cu(II) Removal from Aqueous Solutions[J]. Appl. Surf. Sci., 2017, 428: 648-658.

[22] Wang YX, Ngo HH, Guo WS. Preparation of a Specific Bamboo Based Activated Carbon and Its Application for Ciprofloxacin Removal[J]. Sci. Total. Environ., 2015, 533: 32-39.

[23] Deng S, Yao N, Du Z, et al. Enhanced Adsorption of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate and Perfluorooctanoate by Bamboo–Derived Granular Activated Carbon[J]. J. Hazard. Mater., 2015, 282: 150-157.

[24] Ming W, Huang ZH, Liu G, et al. Adsorption of Dimethyl Sulfide from Aqueous Solution by a Cost–Effective Bamboo Charcoal[J]. J. Hazard. Mater., 2011, 190(1): 1 009-1 015.

[25] Horgnies M, Dubois–Brugger I, Gartner EM. Nox, De–Pollution by Hardened Concrete and the Influence of Activated Charcoal Additions[ J]. Cem. Concr. Res., 2012, 42(10): 1 348-1 355.

[26] Rengga WDP, Chafidz A, Sudibandriyo M, et al. Silver Nano–Particles Deposited on Bamboo–Based Activated Carbon for Removal of Formaldehyde[ J]. J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 2017, 5(2): 1 657-1 665.

[27] Bahari SA, Krause A. Utilizing Malaysian Bamboo for Use in Thermoplastic Composites[J]. J. Clean. Prod., 2016, 110: 16-24.

[28] Sharma B, Gatóo A, Ramage MH. Effect of Processing Methods on the Mechanical Properties of Engineered Bamboo[J]. Constr. Build.Mater., 2015, 83: 95-101.

[29] Horikawa T, Kitakaze Y, Sekida T, et al. Characteristics and Humidity Control Capacity of Activated Carbon from Bamboo[J]. Bioresource Technol., 2010, 101(11): 3 964-3 969.

[30] Qin L, Gao X. Properties of Coal Gangue–Portland Cement Mixture with Carbonation[J]. Fuel, 2019, 245: 1-12.

[31] Wang Q, Wang D, Chen H. The Role of Fly Ash Microsphere in the Microstructure and Macroscopic Properties of High–Strength Concrete [J]. Cem. Concr. Compos., 2017, 83: 125-137.

[32] Wang Q, Yan P, Yang J, et al. Influence of Steel Slag on Mechanical Properties and Durability of Concrete[J]. Constr. Build.Mater., 2013, 47(10): 1 414-1 420.

[33] Liu T, Song W, Zou D, et al. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of Cement Mortar Prepared with Recycled Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Glass as Fine Aggregate[J]. J. Clean. Prod., 2018, 174: 1 436-1 443.

[34] Huang Y, Li H, Jiang Z, et al. Migration and Transformation of Sulfur in the Municipal Sewage Sludge during Disposal in Cement Kiln[J]. Waste Manage., 2018, 77: 537-544.

[35] Ren Q, Jiang Z, Li H, et al. Fresh and Hardened Properties of Self–Compacting Concrete Using Silicon Carbide Waste as a Viscosity–Modifying Agent[J]. Constr. Build.Mater., 2019, 200: 324-332.

[36] Qin L, Gao X, Chen T. Recycling of Raw Rice Husk to Manufacture Magnesium Oxysulfate Cement Based Lightweight Building materials [J]. J. Clean. Prod., 2018, 191: 220-232.

[37] Tan H, Zhang X, He X, et al. Utilization of Lithium Slag by Wet–Grinding Process to Improve the Early Strength of Sulphoaluminate Cement Paste[J]. J. Clean. Prod., 2018, 205: 536-551.

[38] Zhang P, Wittmann FH, Lura P, et al. Application of Neutron Imaging to Investigate Fundamental Aspects of Durability of Cement–Based Materials: A review[J]. Cem. Concr. Res., 2018, 108: 152-166.

[39] Huang Y, Xu C, Li H, et al. Utilization of the Black Tea Powder as Multifunctional Admixture for the Hemihydrate Gypsum[J]. J. Clean. Prod., 2019, 210: 231-237.

[40] Liu M, Tan H, He X. Effects of Nano–SiO2 on Early Strength and Microstructure of Steam–Cured High Volume Fly Ash Cement System[J]. Constr. Build.Mater., 2019, 194: 350-359.

[41] Zhang P, Wittmann FH, Vogel M, et al. Influence of Freeze–Thaw Cycles on Capillary Absorption and Chloride Penetration into Concrete[ J]. Cem. Concr. Res., 2017, 100: 60-67.

[42] Yang X, Liu J, Li H, et al. Effect of Triethanolamine Hydrochloride on the Performance of Cement Paste[J]. Constr. Build.Mater., 2019, 200: 218-225.

[43] Qin L, Gao X, Li Q. Upcycling Carbon Dioxide to Improve Mechanical Strength of Portland Cement[J]. J. Clean. Prod., 2018, 196: 726-738.

[44] Gao X, Zhang J, Su Y. Influence of Vibration–Induced Segregation on Mechanical Property and Chloride Ion Permeability of Concrete with Variable Rheological Performance[J]. Constr. Build. Mater., 2019, 194: 32-41.