Effect of high-energy ball milling on synthetic reaction in Al−TiO₂−C system

Abstract

High-energy ball milling has a great influence on the temperature characters of synthetic reaction in Al−TiO₂−C system by changing the size, distribution state and wet ability of reactants. Reaction temperature characters (reaction ignition time, ignition temperature time, the maximum temperature and temperature rising rate) were changed by different milling time. The longer the milling time, the earlier the reaction, the quicker the temperature rise and the higher the maximum temperature. When the milling time exceeded10 hours, the reactivity of reactants was so high that the synthetic reaction could take place at 850°C directly without a long time pretreatment at 670°C. The microstructure of synthetic composites became uniform and the reinforced particles (TiC and α-Al₂O₃) became fine with milling time increasing.

Keywords

composites / synthetic reaction / Al₂O_3p−TiC_p/TiC_p/Al / temperature character / microstructure

References

[1] J M Brupbacher. Process for Forming Metal-ceramic Composites. U S Patent, 4710348, 1987

[2] L Chrixtodoulou, D C Nagle, J M Brupbacher. Process for Forming Metal-second Phase Composites and Product There of. US Patent, 4751048, 1988

[3] Ma Z Y, Tjong S C. In-situ Ceramic Particle-reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites Fabricated by Reaction Pressing in the TiO₂ (Ti)−Al−B(B₂O₃) Systems. Metallurgical and Material Transaction A, 1997, 28A: 1931-1934.

[4] Shengzhong Kou, Yutian Ding. Dynamics of CuO/Al In-situ Composites. Acta Metallurgical Sinica, 1995, 10: 465-468.

[5] Laurent V, Chatain D. Wettability of SiO₂ and Oxidized SiC by aluminum. Materials Science and Engineering, 1991, 135: 89-92.

[6] Hong S J, Kao P W. Microstructural Development in Al−SiC Composites Made by Resistance Sintering of Mechanically Alloyed Powders. Material Science and Engineering, 1992, 158: 195-199.

[7] Youwei Yan, Zhengyi Fu, Runzhang Yuan. In-situ Synthesis and Characteristics of TiC−Fe Cement Graded Composite Coating on a Steel Substrate. Joural of Wuhan University of Technology-Materials Science Edition, 2003, 18(4): 14-18.

[8] Xiya Zhou. The Microstructures and Properties of SiC/Al₂O₃/Al−Si Composites Prepared by Reactive Penetration. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Materials Science Edition, 2004, 19(3): 45-47.

[9] Kanurg A M. A Kinetic Model for Metal/Nonmetal Reactions. Metallurgical and Material Transaction, 1992, 23a(9): 2349-2351.

[10] Bingchu Mei, Xiaodong Sun, Qiandong Zhang. Effect of Heating Rate on Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis of Al/TiC Composites. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metal, 1997, 7: 133-135.

[11] Bo Yang, Shenglong Dai, Zheng Lu. Reaction Characteristics of SHS Process in Al−TiO₂ Systems. Materials Engineering, 2001, 5: 27-29.

[12] Erlin Zhang, Songyan Zeng, Xiaochun Zeng. Property and Structure of Casting Al/TiC Composite. Acta Metallurgical Sinica, 1995, 10: 465-469.

[13] Shengqi Xi, Xiaoyan Qu, Xiuling Zheng. Solid-state Reaction of Al/CuO Couple by High Energy Ball Milling. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metal, 1998, 8: 43-47.

[14] Naiheng Ma, Xiaohan Fang, Gongying Liang. Influence of Mechanical Activation on Reaction Activation Energy of Al−Ti−C Powder Mixture in Synthesis Process. Acta Metallurgy Sinica, 2000, 36: 1169-1174.

[15] Lerf R, Morris D G. mechanical Alloying of Al−Ti Alloys. Materials Science and Engineering, 1990, 128: 119-112.

[16] Aikin B J M, Courtney T H. The Kinetics of Composite Particle Formation During Mechanical Alloying. Metallurgical and Material Transaction, 1993, 24: 647-650.

[17] Courtney T H, Maurice D. Process Modeling of the Mechanics of Mechanical Alloying. Scripta Materialia, 1996, 34: 5-9.

[18] Le Brun P, Froyen L, Delaey L. The Modelling of the Mechanical Alloying Process in a Planetary Ball Mill: Comparison between Theory andIn-situ Observations. Materials Science and Engineering, 1993, 161: 75-78.

[19] Benjamin J S. Mechanical Alloying-A Perspective. Metal Powder Report, 1990, 45: 122-124.