Does a Single Measurement of the Optimal Minimum Velocity Threshold Enable Accurate One-Repetition Maximum Estimations Over Time? The Effect of Training and Detraining

Afonso Fitas; Paulo Santos; Pedro Pezarat-Correia; Goncalo V. Mendonca

doi:10.1007/s42978-025-00351-x

Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise ›› :1 -9. DOI: 10.1007/s42978-025-00351-x

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Does a Single Measurement of the Optimal Minimum Velocity Threshold Enable Accurate One-Repetition Maximum Estimations Over Time? The Effect of Training and Detraining

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Abstract

The optimal minimum velocity threshold (MVT) exhibits a higher one-repetition maximum (1RM) estimation accuracy than the actual MVT. Despite this, its long-term predictive capacity has not been addressed. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of using a single pre-training measurement of the optimal MVT to estimate the free-weight back squat 1RM across different training statuses. Methods: Ten untrained male participants underwent 6 weeks of resistance training followed by 6 weeks of detraining, with 1RM estimations computed at different time points (T0 – untrained, T6 – trained and DET – detrained). The 1RM estimations were computed based on the load-velocity relationship (LVR) obtained at each specific time point, combined with the pre-training optimal MVT. Results: The optimal-MVT derived estimations were not equivalent to the actual 1RM values in either time point (actual 1RM: 103.9 ± 13.2, 129.8 ± 15.0, 116.8 ± 16.2 kg at T0, T6 and DET, respectively; absolute percent errors of ~ 6.5%). However, by performing a participant-by-participant assessment, equivalent estimations occurred for more than 50% of the sample, regardless of time point or training status. Conclusion: This method can be used to prescribe precise strength-training oriented prescriptions. However, coaches and practitioners ought to be cautious about systematic misestimations, which can be minimized by inserting a different velocity value (from the typically observed average optimal MVT values) on the LVR. In addition, the method confidently falls within hypertrophic loading ranges, offering a practical approach for autoregulation over time in previously untrained individuals.

Keywords

Velocity-based training / One-repetition maximum / Resistance training

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Afonso Fitas, Paulo Santos, Pedro Pezarat-Correia, Goncalo V. Mendonca. Does a Single Measurement of the Optimal Minimum Velocity Threshold Enable Accurate One-Repetition Maximum Estimations Over Time? The Effect of Training and Detraining. Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 1-9 DOI:10.1007/s42978-025-00351-x

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