Solitary Wave Impact on Perforated Caisson Breakwater with Slotted Shoreward Wall: A Numerical Investigation

Abstract

This study employs a two-dimensional numerical model to investigate the interaction between solitary waves and a perforated caisson breakwater (PCB) with a slotted shoreward wall (PCB-S). Turbulent flow was simulated by solving the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations using the k-ω shear-stress transport turbulence model. The analysis focused on the wave dissipation mechanism, force characteristics, and flow field variations around the PCB-S. The numerical results demonstrated that the PCB-S enhances water exchange between the interior and exterior of the wave chamber through the slotted shoreward wall, significantly improving vortex-induced energy dissipation. Compared to a solid caisson breakwater and a PCB, the PCB-S reduced the reflection coefficient by 31% and 12%, respectively, and decreased the overtopping volume by 15%. It also effectively reduced the maximum horizontal wave force and pressure within the wave chamber by 16.8%–23.4%. Positioning the slot in the mid-lower water depth region minimized the surface and bottom flow velocities, thereby improving structural stability and safety of ship mooring.

Keywords

Solitary wave / Slotted shoreward wall / Perforated caisson breakwater / Hydrodynamic characteristics

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