Annealing temperature influence on forming limit curve and fracture toughness of aluminium/silver bilayer sheets

Abstract

This article examines the influence of annealing temperature on fracture toughness and forming limit curves of dissimilar aluminum/silver sheets. In the cold roll bonding process, after brushing and acid washing, the prepared surfaces are placed on top of each other and by rolling with reduction more than 50%, the bonding between layers is established. In this research, the roll bonding process was done at room temperature, without the use of lubricants and with a 70% thickness reduction. Then, the final thickness of the Ag/Al bilayer sheet reached 350 µm by several stages of cold rolling. Before cold rolling, it should be noted that to decrease the hardness created due to plastic deformation, the roll-bonded samples were subjected to annealing heat treatment at 400 °C for 90 min. Thus, the final samples were annealed at 200, 300 and 400 °C for 90 min and cooled in a furnace to examine the annealing temperature effects. The uniaxial tensile and microhardness tests measured mechanical properties. Also, to investigate the fracture mechanism, the fractography of the cross-section was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). To evaluate the formability of Ag/Al bilayer sheets, forming limit curves were obtained experimentally through the Nakazima test. The resistance of composites to failure due to cracking was also investigated by fracture toughness. The results showed that annealing increases the elongation and formability of the Ag/Al bilayer sheet while reduces the ultimate tensile strength and fracture toughness. However, the changing trend is not the same at different temperatures, and according to the results, the most significant effect is obtained at 300 °C and aluminum layers. It was also determined that by increasing annealing temperature, the fracture mechanism from shear ductile with small and shallow dimples becomes ductile with deep cavities.

Keywords

cold roll bonding / Ag/Al bilayer sheet / mechanical properties / forming limit curve / fracture toughness

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