Electrochemical behavior of wound supercapacitors with propylene carbonate and acetonitrile based nonaqueous electrolytes

Abstract

The activated carbon wound supercapacitors with TEABF₄/propylene carbonate (PC) and TEABF₄/acetonitrile (AN) electrolytes were prepared. The effects of the electrolyte and temperature on the capacitance behavior were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and constant current charge-discharge. Compared with the PC-based supercapacitor, the AN-based supercapacitor has higher capacitance and lower equivalent serial resistance (R_ES) at discharge currents ranging from 5 to 1 000 mA and 25 °C. Moreover, temperature effects are more prominent for PC-based supercapacitor than for AN-based supercapacitor. When the measurement temperature ranges from 60 °C to −40 °C the capacitance changes from 5.1 to 2.5 F and R_ES changes from 135 to 876 mΩ for the PC-based supercapacior, while the AN-based supercapacitor shows less change in capacitance and R_ES. Thus AN-based supercapacitor exhibits excellent power characteristics and temperature property.

Keywords

supercapacitor / electrolyte / capacitance / equivalent serial resistance / temperature

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