Association of Poor Sleep Quality With Adverse Outcomes in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Objectives: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic diseases with adverse events such as disease flare, progression, drug escalation, hospitalization, and surgery. Meanwhile, patients with IBD often have sleep disorders. We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis aiming to investigate the relationship between sleep quality of patients with IBD and their prognosis.

Methods: MEDLINE and Web of Science Core Collection databases were searched for articles published up to November 2024. We pooled the hazard ratio (HR) and odds ratio (OR) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for adverse outcome events during the follow-up period in patients with poor sleep quality at baseline compared with those with normal sleep quality.

Results: Five studies were included with a total of 2333 patients with IBD. Poor sleep quality in patients with IBD was significantly correlated with the occurrence of adverse outcome events at follow-up (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.14–2.33). Patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) with poor sleep quality had a significantly higher risk of adverse outcome events at follow-up (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.26–1.99), whereas those with ulcerative colitis (UC) did not (OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.76–1.60).

Conclusion: Early identification of poor sleep quality in patients with IBD, especially CD, has a predictive effect on their prognosis.

Keywords

Crohn disease / inflammatory bowel diseases / prognosis / sleep quality / ulcerative colitis

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

2025 Chinese Medical Association Shanghai Branch, Chinese Society of Gastroenterology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.